"The renewed activity of Taal on 9 November resulted in the formation of a circular conelet protruding a few meters from the floor of the elongated 1976 crater. Voluminous ash-laden clouds rose to a height of 500 m with a roaring sound audible on the lakeshore. Bluish fumes were emitted from the NE inner wall of the 1976 crater. Eruptive activity ended by the early morning of 12 November, but volcanic tremor of varying amplitude continued. Tremor with a maximum double amplitude was recorded at 2210 on 24 November and at 0504 on 25 November. The initial evacuation procedure remained in effect in late January."

Further References. Ruelo, H.B., 1983, Morphology and crater development of the Mt. Tabaro eruption site, Taal volcano, Philippines: Philippine Journal of Volcanology, v. 1, no. 2, p. 19-68.

Wolfe, J.A., 1980, Eruptions of Taal volcano 1976-1977: EOS, v. 61, p. 57-58.

Geological Summary. Taal is one of the most active volcanoes in the Philippines and has produced some powerful eruptions. The 15 x 20 km Talisay (Taal) caldera is largely filled by Lake Taal, whose 267 km2 surface lies only 3 m above sea level. The maximum depth of the lake is 160 m, with several submerged eruptive centers. The 5-km-wide Volcano Island in north-central Lake Taal is the location of all observed eruptions. The island is composed of coalescing small stratovolcanoes, tuff rings, and scoria cones. Powerful pyroclastic flows and surges have caused many fatalities.

Information Contacts: G. Andal, COMVOL, Quezon City.