There were four recorded explosions . . . in July, on the 1st, 6th, 19th and 20th. Ashfall was heavy during the last part of the month, especially on the 28th and 30th. Some facilities of the National Railroad malfunctioned due to ashfall, causing delays in train operation on the 29th. Monthly ashfall accumulation was 1,533 g/m², sixth highest since 1969 (when observation of ash accumulation started at KLMO). The maximum plume height over the crater was 3,000 m on 28 July.

Geological Summary. The Aira caldera in the northern half of Kagoshima Bay contains the post-caldera Sakurajima volcano, one of Japan's most active. Eruption of the voluminous Ito pyroclastic flow accompanied formation of the 17 x 23 km caldera about 22,000 years ago. The smaller Wakamiko caldera was formed during the early Holocene in the NE corner of the caldera, along with several post-caldera cones. The construction of Sakurajima began about 13,000 years ago on the southern rim and built an island that was joined to the Osumi Peninsula during the major explosive and effusive eruption of 1914. Activity at the Kitadake summit cone ended about 4,850 years ago, after which eruptions took place at Minamidake. Frequent eruptions since the 8th century have deposited ash on the city of Kagoshima, located across Kagoshima Bay only 8 km from the summit. The largest recorded eruption took place during 1471-76.

Information Contacts: JMA.