Global Volcanism Program

Ischia

Google Earth Placemark with Features

Cite Volcano Profile

Italy
Italian Peninsula Volcanic Provinces
Composite | Complex
1302 CE

Country
Volcanic Region
Landform | Volc Type
Last Known Eruption

40.73°N
13.897°E
789 m
2,589 ft
211030

Latitude
Longitude
Summit
Elevation
Volcano
Number

The Global Volcanism Program has no activity reports available for Ischia.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Reports available for Ischia.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Bulletin Reports available for Ischia.

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Synonyms

Epomeo | Ischia, Isola dell'

Cones

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Arso

Cone

Bosco dei Conti

Cone

Bosco Della Maddalena

Stratovolcano

Cantariello

Cone

Cava Petrella

Cone

Ciglio

Cone

Cotto Barano, Mount

Cone

Cotto, Monte

Cone

Guardiola, La

Cone

Porto D'ischia

Vent

Punta Della Cannuccia

Cone

Punta La Scrofa

Cone

Scarrupo

Cone

Secca D'ischia

Cone

Craters

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Cafieri

Crater

Campagnano, Mount

Crater

Campotese

Crater

Cava Nocelle

Crater

Costa De Lenzuola

Crater

Fundera

Crater

Molara

Crater

Punta Imperatore

Crater

Rio Corbore

Crater

Santa Michele

Crater

Testaccio

Crater

Vateliero

Crater

Domes

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Castello D'ischia
Castle of Ischia

Dome

Castiglione

Dome

Costa Sparaina

Dome

Fondo Ferraro

Dome

Marecocco

Dome

Montagnone-Maschiata

Dome

Piedmonte

Dome

Posta Lubrano

Dome

Rotaro

Dome

Santa Angelo

Dome

Santa Pancrazio

Dome

Sant'angelo

Dome

Selva del Napolitano

Dome

Tabor, Monte

Dome

Trippodi, Monte

Dome

Vezzi, Monte di

Dome

Vico, Monte

Dome

Zara

Dome

Basic Data

Volcano Number

Last Known Eruption

Elevation

Latitude
Longitude

211030

1302 CE

789 m / 2,589 ft

40.73°N
13.897°E

Morphology

Volcano Landform
Composite

Volcano Types
Complex
Caldera
Lava dome(s)
Tuff ring(s)

Rock Types

Major
Trachyte / Trachydacite
Trachyandesite / Basaltic Trachyandesite

Minor
Phonolite
Trachybasalt / Tephrite Basanite
Phono-tephrite / Tephri-phonolite

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone
Continental crust (> 25 km)

Population

Within 5 km
Within 10 km
Within 30 km
Within 100 km

18,669
20,210
383,661
5,729,354

Geological Summary

The Ischia volcanic complex forms a rectangular, 6 x 9 km island immediately SW of the Campi Flegrei area at the western side of the Bay of Naples. The eruption of the trachytic Green Tuff ignimbrite about 56,000 years ago was followed by caldera formation. The high point on the island, Monte Epomeo, is a volcanic horst composed of the Green Tuff ignimbrite deposit that was submerged after its eruption and then uplifted. Volcanism on the island has been significantly affected by tectonism that formed a series of horsts and grabens; at least 800 m of uplift has formed as a result of resurgent doming during past 33,000 years. Many small monogenetic volcanoes were formed around the uplifted block. Volcanism during the Holocene produced a series of pumiceous tephras, tuff rings, lava domes, and lava flows, and a major collapse of Mount Epomeo produced a large submarine debris-avalanche deposit. The latest eruption, in 1302 CE, produced a spatter cone and the Arso lava flow, which reached the NE coast.

References

The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography.

Acocella V, Funiciello R, 1999. The interaction between regional and local tectonics during resurgent doming: the case of the island of Ischia, Italy. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 88: 109-123.

Brown R J, Orsi G, de Vita S, 2008. New insights into Late Pleistocene explosive volcanic activity and caldera formation on Ischia (southern Italy). Bull Volcanol, 70: 583-603.

Capaldi G, Civetta L, Gasparini P, 1976-77. Volcanic history of the island of Ischia (south Italy). Bull Volcanol, 40: 11-22.

Chiocci F L, de Alteriis G, 2006. The Ischia debris avalanche: first clear submarine evidence in the Mediterranean of a volcanic island prehistorical collapse. Terra Nova, 18: 202-209.

Imbo G, 1965. Italy. Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World and Solfatara Fields, Rome: IAVCEI, 18: 1-72.

Katsui Y (ed), 1971. List of the World Active Volcanoes. Volc Soc Japan draft ms, (limited circulation), 160 p.

Krafft M, 1974. Guide des Volcans d'Europe. Neuchatel: Delachaux & Niestle, 412 p.

Lucchi F, Tranne C A, De Astis G, Keller J, Losito R, Morche W, 2008. Stratigraphy and significance of Brown Tuffs on the Aeolian Islands (southern Italy). J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 177: 49-70.

Manzo M, Ricciardi G P, Casu F, Ventura G, Zeni G, Borgstrom S, Berardino P, Del Gaudio C, Lanzari R, 2006. Surface deformation analysis in the Ischia Island (Italy) based on spaceborne radar interferometry. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 151: 399-416.

Molin P, Acocella V, Funiciello R, 2003. Structural, seismic and hydrothermal features at the border of an active intermittent resurgent block: Ischia Island (Italy). J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 121: 65-81.

Orsi G, Gallo G, Heiken G, Wohletz K, Yu E, Bonani G, 1992. A comprehensive study of pumice formation and dispersal: the Cretaio Tephra of Ischia (Italy). J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 53: 329-354.

Orsi G, Gallo G, Zanchi A, 1991. Simple-shearing block resurgence in caldera depressions. A model from Pantelleria and Ischia. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 47: 1-11.

Orsi G, Piochi M, Campajola L, D'Onofrio A, Gialanella L, Terrasi F, 1996. 14C geochronological constraints for the volcanic history of the island of Ischia (Italy) over the last 5000 years. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 71: 249-257.

Peccerillo A, 2005. Plio-Quaternary Volcanism in Italy. Berlin: Springer, 365 p.

Poli S, Chiesa S, Gillot P-Y, Gregnanin A, Guichard F, 1987. Chemistry versus time in the volcanic complex of Ischia (Gulf of Naples, Italy): evidence of successive magmatic cycles. Contr Mineral Petr, 95: 322-335.

Slejko F F, Petrini R, Orsi G, Piochi M, Forte C, 2004. Water speciation and Sr isotopic exchange during water--melt interaction: a combined NMR-TIMS study on the Cretaio Tephra (Ischia Island, south Italy). J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 133: 311-320.

Vezzoli L, 1986. Geologic Map of the Island of Ischia. CNR Progetto Finalizzato Geodinamica, Rome.

Vezzoli L, Principe C, Malfatti J, Arrighi S, Tanguy J-C, Le Goff M, 2009. Modes and times of caldera resurgence: the <10 ka evolution of ischia caldera, Italy, from high-precision archeomagnetic dating. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 186: 305-319.

Eruptive History

There is data available for 23 confirmed Holocene eruptive periods.

1302 Jan 18 - 1302 Mar Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Arso

1302 Jan 18 - 1302 Mar

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 8 Events for Episode 1 at Arso

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow	Entered water.
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Scoria
- - - -	- - - -	Property Damage
- - - -	- - - -	Evacuations
1302	- - - -	Fatalities

1290 (?) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

FBT tephra

1290 (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 5 Events for Episode 1 at FBT tephra

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Pyroclastic flow	weak or small
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Scoria
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice

0820 ± 300 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Near Arso, FiT tephra

0820 ± 300 years - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 4 Events for Episode 1 at Near Arso, FiT tephra

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Pyroclastic flow	weak or small
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice

0540 ± 150 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Montagnone-Moschiata area, BCT tephra

0540 ± 150 years - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 4 Events for Episode 1 at Montagnone-Moschiata area, BCT tephra

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Pyroclastic flow	weak or small
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice

0295 ± 10 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Vateliero, Molara-Cava Nocelle, Rotaro

0295 ± 10 years - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Vateliero, Molara-Cava Nocelle, Rotaro

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Scoria

0145 (?) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

0145 (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 3 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion	Uncertain
- - - -	- - - -	Lava dome	Uncertain
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice	Uncertain

0080 ± 1 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

0080 ± 1 years - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 3 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion	Uncertain
- - - -	- - - -	Lava dome	Uncertain
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice	Uncertain

[ 0069 ] Uncertain Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

0069 - Unknown

Evidence from Unknown

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion	Uncertain
	- - - -	- - - -	Lava dome	Uncertain

0040 ± 75 years Confirmed Eruption VEI: 3

Episode 1 | Eruption

Near Bosco della Maddalena, Cretaio Tephra

0040 ± 75 years - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 6 Events for Episode 1 at Near Bosco della Maddalena, Cretaio Tephra

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Pyroclastic flow
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Lapilli
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice
0040 ± 75 years	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

0006 BCE ± 20 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 \| Eruption
0006 BCE ± 20 years - Unknown				Evidence from Observations: Reported

0091 BCE Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

0091 BCE - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion	Uncertain
	- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow	Uncertain

0200 BCE ± 200 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Ischia Porto (Spiaggia dei Pescatori)

0200 BCE ± 200 years - Unknown

Evidence from Correlation: Magnetism

List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Ischia Porto (Spiaggia dei Pescatori)

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Scoria

0370 BCE ± 150 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Ischia Porto (San Pietro)

0370 BCE ± 150 years - Unknown

Evidence from Correlation: Magnetism

List of 5 Events for Episode 1 at Ischia Porto (San Pietro)

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Earthquakes (undefined)
- - - -	- - - -	Tsunami
- - - -	- - - -	Evacuations

0470 BCE (?) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Bosco dei Conti and Fondo Ferraro ?

0470 BCE (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Bosco dei Conti and Fondo Ferraro ?

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Lava dome
- - - -	- - - -	Cinder Cone
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice

0490 BCE ± 150 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Case Balestrieri?, Cava Nocelle?

0490 BCE ± 150 years - Unknown

Evidence from Correlation: Magnetism

List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Case Balestrieri?, Cava Nocelle?

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Earthquakes (undefined)

0700 BCE ± 75 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Costa del Lenzuolo

0700 BCE ± 75 years - Unknown

Evidence from Correlation: Tephrochronology

List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Costa del Lenzuolo

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Pyroclastic flow
- - - -	- - - -	Tephra

0930 BCE ± 150 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

SE of Selva del Napolitano, CaT tephra

0930 BCE ± 150 years - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 2 Events for Episode 1 at SE of Selva del Napolitano, CaT tephra

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	- - - -	- - - -	Pyroclastic flow	weak or small

1480 BCE ± 300 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Castiglione

1480 BCE ± 300 years - Unknown

Evidence from Correlation: Magnetism

List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Castiglione

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Property Damage
- - - -	- - - -	Evacuations

2350 BCE ± 1400 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Costa Sparaina

2350 BCE ± 1400 years - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: K/Ar

List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Costa Sparaina

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava dome
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice

2700 BCE ± 1750 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Punta della Cannuccia

2700 BCE ± 1750 years - Unknown

Evidence from Correlation: Tephrochronology

List of 2 Events for Episode 1 at Punta della Cannuccia

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	- - - -	- - - -	Scoria

3050 BCE ± 1000 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Cantariello

3050 BCE ± 1000 years - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: K/Ar

List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Cantariello

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice

3580 BCE ± 300 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Submarine SE flank (Secca d'Ischia)

3580 BCE ± 300 years - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Submarine SE flank (Secca d'Ischia)

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Pyroclastic flow
- - - -	- - - -	Ash

3880 BCE ± 200 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Zaro, Marecocco, Spiaggia degli Inglesi

3880 BCE ± 200 years - Unknown

Evidence from Correlation: Magnetism

List of 4 Events for Episode 1 at Zaro, Marecocco, Spiaggia degli Inglesi

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow	Entered water.
- - - -	- - - -	Lava dome

7550 BCE ± 2400 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Selva del Napolitano, Piedmonte

7550 BCE ± 2400 years - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: K/Ar

List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at Selva del Napolitano, Piedmonte

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Lava dome

Deformation History

There is data available for 1 deformation periods. Expand each entry for additional details.

Deformation during 1990 - 2003 [Subsidence; Observed by Leveling]

Start Date: 1990

Stop Date: 2003

Direction: Subsidence

Method: Leveling

Magnitude: Unknown

Spatial Extent: Unknown

Latitude: Unknown

Longitude: Unknown

Remarks: Leveling surveys reveal subsidence of the northern and southern flanks of the Mt. Epomeo resurgent block. The deformation is likely due to crack closure of the hydorthermal system.

Vertical displacements recorded along the Coastline (blue), Borbonic line (green) and Casamicciola-Chiummano line (black) from 1990 to 2003. Numbers are the benchmarks.

From: Sepe et al. 2007.

Reference List: Sepe et al. 2007.

Full References:

Sepe, V., S. Atzori, and G. Ventura, 2007. Subsidence due to crack closure and depressurization of hydrothermal systems: a case study from Mt. Epomeo (Ischia Island, Italy). Terra Nova, 19, p. 127-132.

Emission History

There is no Emissions History data available for Ischia.

Photo Gallery

The Ischia volcanic complex forms a 6 x 9 km island W of the Bay of Naples seen in this International Space Station image. Tectonism has influenced volcanic activity at Ischia, and its high point (the dark-colored area in the center) is a horst (raised fault block) composed of ignimbrite deposits associated with Pleistocene caldera formation. During the Holocene, a series of pumiceous tephras, tuff rings, lava domes, and lava flows were erupted.

NASA International Space Station image ISS002-E-8200, 2001 (http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).

The Ischia volcanic complex forms a 6 x 9 km island in the Bay of Naples and is part of the Phlegraean Volcanic District. It is shown in this September 2019 Planet Labs satellite image monthly mosaic (N is at the top). The vegetated area is a resurgent block and the high point of the island. An arcuate collapse scarp in near the center on the island, opening towards the south.

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2019 (https://www.planet.com/).

GVP Map Holdings

Maps are not currently available due to technical issues.

Smithsonian Sample Collections Database

The following 52 samples associated with this volcano can be found in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences collections, and may be availble for research (contact the Rock and Ore Collections Manager). Catalog number links will open a window with more information.

Catalog Number	Sample Description	Lava Source	Collection Date
NMNH 100087	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 111123-1250	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 111123-1251	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 111123-1252	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 111123-1253	Ciminite Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 111123-927	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 111123-938	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 116568-488	Sodalite Trachyte	ROTARO	--
NMNH 116568-489	Sodalite Trachyte	ROTARO	--
NMNH 116568-494	Latite	MOLARA	--
NMNH 35857	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 36282	Hyalo Liparite	--	--
NMNH 36320	Sodalite Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 36321	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 36323	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 36324	Sodalite Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 36325	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 36326	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 38336	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 72994	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 72995	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 72996	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 72997	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 72998	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 91993	Arsoite	--	--
NMNH 92000	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 99129	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 99130	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99131	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99132	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99133	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99134	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99135	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99136	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99137	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99138	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99139	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99140	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 99141	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 99142	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99143	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99144	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99145	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99146	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99147	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99148	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99149	Trachyte	--	--
NMNH 99150	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99151	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99152	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99153	Andesine Basalt	--	--
NMNH 99154	Andesine Basalt	--	--

External Sites

Copernicus Browser

The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions.

MIROVA

Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity.

MODVOLC Thermal Alerts

Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales.

WOVOdat
   Single Volcano View
   Temporal Evolution of Unrest
   Side by Side Volcanoes

WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.

GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments.

Volcanic Hazard Maps

The IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk has a Volcanic Hazard Maps database designed to serve as a resource for hazard mappers (or other interested parties) to explore how common issues in hazard map development have been addressed at different volcanoes, in different countries, for different hazards, and for different intended audiences. In addition to the comprehensive, searchable Volcanic Hazard Maps Database, this website contains information about diversity of volcanic hazard maps, illustrated using examples from the database. This site is for educational purposes related to volcanic hazard maps. Hazard maps found on this website should not be used for emergency purposes. For the most recent, official hazard map for a particular volcano, please seek out the proper institutional authorities on the matter.

IRIS seismic stations/networks

Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Ischia. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice.

UNAVCO GPS/GNSS stations

Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of Ischia. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player.

DECADE Data

The DECADE portal, still in the developmental stage, serves as an example of the proposed interoperability between The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program, the Mapping Gas Emissions (MaGa) Database, and the EarthChem Geochemical Portal. The Deep Earth Carbon Degassing (DECADE) initiative seeks to use new and established technologies to determine accurate global fluxes of volcanic CO₂ to the atmosphere, but installing CO₂ monitoring networks on 20 of the world's 150 most actively degassing volcanoes. The group uses related laboratory-based studies (direct gas sampling and analysis, melt inclusions) to provide new data for direct degassing of deep earth carbon to the atmosphere.

Large Eruptions of Ischia

Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).

EarthChem

EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).