Global Volcanism Program | Newer Volcanics Province

The Global Volcanism Program has no activity reports available for Newer Volcanics Province.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Reports available for Newer Volcanics Province.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Bulletin Reports available for Newer Volcanics Province.

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Synonyms

Victoria Volcanic Field | Western Victoria Volcanic Field

Cones

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Big Hill

Cone

580 m

37° 20' 0" S

143° 37' 0" E

Black Hill

Cone

696 m

37° 36' 0" S

144° 5' 0" E

Blackwood, Mount

Cone

737 m

37° 34' 0" S

144° 22' 0" E

Blue Lake

Tuff ring

Bluff, The

Cone

201 m

37° 45' 0" S

140° 35' 0" E

Bulienmerri, Lake

Tuff ring

275 m

38° 15' 0" S

143° 6' 0" E

Bullarook Hill

Cone

685 m

37° 25' 0" S

144° 2' 0" E

Bullengarook, Mount

Cone

673 m

37° 31' 0" S

144° 30' 0" E

Buninyong, Mount

Cone

745 m

37° 40' 0" S

143° 56' 0" E

Burr, Mount

Cone

241 m

37° 36' 0" S

140° 29' 0" E

Cameron, Mount

Cone

417 m

37° 12' 0" S

143° 49' 0" E

Cape Bridgewater

Cone

120 m

38° 23' 0" S

141° 25' 0" E

Clay, Mount

Cone

189 m

38° 13' 0" S

141° 42' 0" E

Coragulac, Lake

Tuff ring

Cotteril, Mount

Cone

Eastern Hill

Cone

640 m

37° 21' 0" S

144° 4' 0" E

Eccles, Mount

Cone

179 m

38° 4' 0" S

141° 56' 0" E

Eckersley, Mount

Cone

162 m

38° 6' 0" S

141° 39' 0" E

Elephant, Mount

Cone

388 m

37° 58' 0" S

143° 12' 0" E

Ewen, Mount

Cone

272 m

38° 16' 0" S

143° 1' 0" E

Forest Hill

Cone

685 m

37° 24' 0" S

143° 58' 0" E

Franklin, Mount

Cone

625 m

37° 16' 0" S

144° 9' 0" E

Frazer, Mount

Cone

427 m

37° 28' 0" S

144° 59' 0" E

Gellibrand, Mount

Cone

276 m

38° 14' 0" S

143° 48' 0" E

Gisborne, Mount

Cone

644 m

37° 32' 0" S

144° 33' 0" E

Gordon's Hill

Cone

490 m

37° 17' 0" S

143° 39' 0" E

Graham, Mount

Cone

182 m

37° 32' 0" S

140° 27' 0" E

Greenock, Mount

Cone

394 m

37° 13' 0" S

143° 44' 0" E

Hamilton, Mount

Cone

306 m

37° 47' 0" S

142° 59' 0" E

Hollowback, Mount

Cone

581 m

37° 27' 0" S

143° 49' 0" E

Hydewell, Mount

Shield volcano

537 m

37° 38' 0" S

144° 14' 0" E

Jim Jim, The

Cone

746 m

37° 18' 0" S

144° 35' 0" E

Kangaroo Hill

Cone

670 m

37° 21' 0" S

144° 1' 0" E

Koang, Mount

Cone

274 m

38° 5' 0" S

143° 7' 0" E

Kurweeton, Mount

Cone

273 m

38° 5' 0" S

143° 9' 0" E

Lawaluk

Vent

370 m

37° 50' 0" S

143° 53' 0" E

Leura, Mount

Tuff ring

313 m

38° 15' 0" S

143° 10' 0" E

Little Hill

Cone

475 m

37° 20' 0" S

143° 36' 0" E

Maiden Hill

Cone

505 m

37° 18' 0" S

143° 37' 0" E

Mcintyre, Mount

Cone

189 m

37° 34' 0" S

140° 33' 0" E

Mitchell, Mount

Cone

535 m

37° 17' 0" S

143° 35' 0" E

Mondilibi

Vent

185 m

37° 59' 0" S

142° 48' 0" E

Moolort, Mount

Cone

325 m

37° 3' 0" S

143° 52' 0" E

Moorookyle, Mount

Cone

610 m

37° 18' 0" S

143° 57' 0" E

Muirhead, Mount

Cone

150 m

37° 34' 0" S

140° 24' 0" E

Napier, Mount

Cone

425 m

37° 53' 36" S

142° 3' 31" E

Noorat, Mount

Tuff ring

313 m

38° 11' 0" S

142° 56' 0" E

Pisgah, Mount

Cone

561 m

37° 28' 0" S

143° 49' 0" E

Pordon, Mount

Cone

289 m

38° 19' 0" S

143° 17' 0" E

Robertson's Hill

Cone

218 m

38° 19' 0" S

143° 31' 0" E

Schank, Mount

Cone

122 m

37° 57' 0" S

140° 44' 0" E

Shadwell, Mount

Cone

294 m

38° 4' 0" S

142° 49' 0" E

Smeaton Hill

Cone

676 m

37° 18' 0" S

143° 59' 0" E

Spring Hill

Cone

670 m

37° 24' 0" S

143° 56' 0" E

Stockyard Hill

Tuff ring

425 m

37° 34' 0" S

142° 20' 0" E

Terrang, Lake

Tuff ring

150 m

38° 15' 0" S

142° 55' 0" E

Warrenhelp, Mount

Cone

741 m

37° 35' 0" S

143° 58' 0" E

Warrnambool, Mount

Tuff ring

217 m

38° 19' 0" S

142° 45' 0" E

Weatherboard Hill

Cone

565 m

37° 27' 0" S

143° 41' 0" E

Craters

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Gambier, Mount

Maar

189 m

37° 50' 0" S

140° 45' 0" E

Keilambete, Lake

Maar

137 m

38° 13' 0" S

142° 53' 0" E

Purrumbete, Lake

Maar

185 m

38° 17' 0" S

143° 14' 0" E

Red Rock

Maar

215 m

38° 16' 0" S

143° 30' 0" E

Staughtons Hill

Maar

200 m

38° 19' 0" S

142° 55' 0" E

Tower Hill

Maar

105 m

38° 19' 0" S

142° 22' 0" E

Domes

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Babbingtons Hill

Dome

825 m

37° 23' 0" S

144° 15' 0" E

Blue Mountain

Dome

874 m

37° 26' 0" S

144° 18' 0" E

Basic Data

Volcano Number

Last Known Eruption

Elevation

Latitude
Longitude

259010

2900 BCE

1,011 m / 3,317 ft

37.77°S
142.5°E

Morphology

Volcano Landform
Cluster

Volcano Types
Volcanic field
Shield(s)
Pyroclastic cone(s)
Tuff ring(s)

Rock Types

Major
Trachybasalt / Tephrite Basanite
Basalt / Picro-Basalt

Minor
Trachyte / Trachydacite
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Trachyandesite / Basaltic Trachyandesite

Tectonic Setting

Intraplate
Continental crust (> 25 km)

Population

Within 5 km
Within 10 km
Within 30 km
Within 100 km

610,361
610,361
610,361
610,361

Geological Summary

The voluminous Newer Volcanics Province covers a broad 15,000 km² area of SE Australia with nearly 400 small shield volcanoes and explosive vents of Tertiary-to-Holocene age. Volumetrically the vast proportion of volcanic products consist of flat-lying lava flows, although the most prominent features of the volcanic field are the numerous small scoria cones, tuff rings, and maars that rise above the lava plain. Several vents were active during the Holocene; another vent (Mount Tower) is now considered to be of late-Pleistocene age. Late-Pleistocene to Holocene eruptions are characterized by small volume and low explosivity. The youngest dated eruptions took place at Mount Schank and Mount Gambier about 5,000 years ago, when explosive activity formed several maars and associated lava flows.

References

The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography.

Gill E D, 1964. Rocks contiguous with the basaltic cuirass of western Victoria. Proc Roy Soc Victoria, 77: 331-355.

Gill E D, 1971. Applications of radiocarbon dating in Victoria, Australia. Proc Roy Soc Victoria, 84: 71-85.

IAVCEI, 1973-80. Post-Miocene Volcanoes of the World. IAVCEI Data Sheets, Rome: Internatl Assoc Volc Chemistry Earth's Interior.

Johnson R W, Knutson J, Taylor S R (eds), 1989. Intraplate Volcanism in Eastern Australia and New Zealand. Cambridge, England: Cambridge Univ Press, 408 p.

Singleton O P, Joyce E B, 1969. Cainozoic volcanicity in Victoria. Geol Soc Aust Spec Pub, 2: 145-154.

Thomas L, 1976. Geothermal resources in Australia. In: Proc 2nd United Nations Symp Devel Use Geotherm Resour, San Francisco, Washington D C: U S Government Printing Office, 1: 273-274.

Eruptive History

There is data available for 4 confirmed Holocene eruptive periods.

2900 BCE ± 150 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Mt. Gambier

2900 BCE ± 150 years - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)

List of 7 Events for Episode 1 at Mt. Gambier

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Phreatic activity
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Bombs
- - - -	- - - -	Blocks
- - - -	- - - -	Scoria

3000 BCE ± 500 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Mt. Schank

3000 BCE ± 500 years - Unknown

Evidence from Radiogenic: Fission track

List of 6 Events for Episode 1 at Mt. Schank

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Phreatic activity
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Lapilli
- - - -	- - - -	Scoria

5290 BCE (in or before) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Mt. Napier

5290 BCE (in or before) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)

List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at Mt. Napier

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow

5850 BCE (?) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Red Rock

5850 BCE (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)

List of 2 Events for Episode 1 at Red Rock

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	- - - -	- - - -	Tephra

Deformation History

There is no Deformation History data available for Newer Volcanics Province.

Emission History

There is no Emissions History data available for Newer Volcanics Province.

Photo Gallery

Tower Hill maar, with bedded pyroclastic layers exposed in its wall, is part of the voluminous Newer Volcanics Province, which covers a broad 15,000 km² area of SE Australia. The volcanic field contains nearly 400 vents, with late-Pleistocene to Holocene eruptions producing scoria cones, maars, tuff rings, and valley-filling lava flows. The most recent eruptions took place at Mount Schank and Mount Gambier.

Photo by Monica Handler, 1995 (Carnegie Institution).

Lake-filled Tower Hill maar is part of the voluminous Newer Volcanics Province, which covers a broad 15,000 km² area of SE Australia. The volcanic field contains nearly 400 vents, with late-Pleistocene to Holocene eruptions producing scoria cones, maars, tuff rings, and valley-filling lava flows. The most recent eruptions took place at Mount Schank and Mount Gambier.

Photo by Jim Luhr, 1993 (Smithsonian Institution).

GVP Map Holdings

Maps are not currently available due to technical issues.

Smithsonian Sample Collections Database

The following 64 samples associated with this volcano can be found in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences collections, and may be availble for research (contact the Rock and Ore Collections Manager). Catalog number links will open a window with more information.

Catalog Number	Sample Description	Lava Source	Collection Date
NMNH 114920-1	Ultramafic Nodule	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 114920-10	Ultramafic Nodule	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 114920-11	Ultramafic Nodule	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 114920-12	Ultramafic Nodule	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 114920-2	Ultramafic Nodule	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 114920-3	Ultramafic Nodule	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 114920-4	Ultramafic Nodule	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 114920-5	Ultramafic Nodule	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 114920-6	Ultramafic Nodule	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 114920-7	Ultramafic Nodule	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 114920-8	Ultramafic Nodule	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 114920-9	Ultramafic Nodule	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 114921-1	Ultramafic Nodule	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 114921-10	Ultramafic Nodule	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 114921-11	Ultramafic Nodule	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 114921-12	Ultramafic Nodule	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 114921-13	Ultramafic Nodule	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 114921-14	Ultramafic Nodule	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 114921-15	Ultramafic Nodule	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 114921-2	Ultramafic Nodule	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 114921-3	Ultramafic Nodule	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 114921-4	Ultramafic Nodule	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 114921-5	Ultramafic Nodule	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 114921-6	Ultramafic Nodule	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 114921-7	Ultramafic Nodule	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 114921-8	Ultramafic Nodule	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 114921-9	Ultramafic Nodule	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 116605-11	Lava	NAPIER, MT	--
NMNH 116605-12	Lava	NAPIER, MT	--
NMNH 116605-13	Scoria	TOWER HILL	--
NMNH 116605-14	Volcanic Bomb	TOWER HILL	--
NMNH 116605-15	Lava	TOWER HILL	--
NMNH 116605-16	Xenolith	BULIENMERRI, LAKE	--
NMNH 116605-17	Volcanic Bomb	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 116605-18	Xenolith	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 116605-19	Lava	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 116605-2	Trachytic Andesite	GISBORNE, MT	--
NMNH 116605-20	Volcanic Bomb	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 116605-3	Lava	FRANKLIN, MT	--
NMNH 116605-4	Scoria	ELEPHANT, MT	--
NMNH 116605-5	Hawaiite	SHADWELL, MT	--
NMNH 116605-6	Peridotite	SHADWELL, MT	--
NMNH 116605-7	Lava	SHADWELL, MT	--
NMNH 117098-1	Spinel Lherzolite	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117098-10	Dunite	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117098-11	Spinel Harzburgite	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117098-12	Spinel Lherzolite	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117098-13	Spinel Lherzolite	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117098-14	Wehrlite	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117098-15	Pyroxenite (?)	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117098-16	Basanite	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117098-2	Spinel Lherzolite	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117098-3	Wherlite	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117098-4	Harzburgite	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117098-5	Dunite	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117098-6	Lherzolite	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117098-7	Dunite	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117098-8	Spinel Lherzolite	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117098-9	Spinel Harzburgite	NOORAT, MT	--
NMNH 117099-1	Wehrlite	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 117099-12	Dunite	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 117099-2	Dunite	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 117099-3	Dunite	LEURA, MT	--
NMNH 117100-6	Dunite	GAMBIER, MT	--

External Sites

Copernicus Browser

The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions.

MIROVA

Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity.

MODVOLC Thermal Alerts

Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales.

WOVOdat
   Single Volcano View
   Temporal Evolution of Unrest
   Side by Side Volcanoes

WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.

GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments.

Volcanic Hazard Maps

The IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk has a Volcanic Hazard Maps database designed to serve as a resource for hazard mappers (or other interested parties) to explore how common issues in hazard map development have been addressed at different volcanoes, in different countries, for different hazards, and for different intended audiences. In addition to the comprehensive, searchable Volcanic Hazard Maps Database, this website contains information about diversity of volcanic hazard maps, illustrated using examples from the database. This site is for educational purposes related to volcanic hazard maps. Hazard maps found on this website should not be used for emergency purposes. For the most recent, official hazard map for a particular volcano, please seek out the proper institutional authorities on the matter.

IRIS seismic stations/networks

Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Newer Volcanics Province. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice.

UNAVCO GPS/GNSS stations

Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of Newer Volcanics Province. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player.

DECADE Data

The DECADE portal, still in the developmental stage, serves as an example of the proposed interoperability between The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program, the Mapping Gas Emissions (MaGa) Database, and the EarthChem Geochemical Portal. The Deep Earth Carbon Degassing (DECADE) initiative seeks to use new and established technologies to determine accurate global fluxes of volcanic CO₂ to the atmosphere, but installing CO₂ monitoring networks on 20 of the world's 150 most actively degassing volcanoes. The group uses related laboratory-based studies (direct gas sampling and analysis, melt inclusions) to provide new data for direct degassing of deep earth carbon to the atmosphere.

Large Eruptions of Newer Volcanics Province

Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).

EarthChem

EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).