Global Volcanism Program

The Global Volcanism Program has no activity reports available for Io-Torishima.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Reports available for Io-Torishima.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Bulletin Reports available for Io-Torishima.

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Synonyms

Okinawa-Tori-shima | Io-Tori-sima | Iwo-Tori-shima | Okinawa Iojima

Cones

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Gusuku
Kusuku

Tuff ring

131 m

Domes

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Iodake
    Iwo-dake
    Hoi
    Hoinoyama

Dome

212 m

27° 52' 52" N

128° 13' 21" E

Basic Data

Volcano Number

Last Known Eruption

Elevation

Latitude
Longitude

282020

1968 CE

212 m / 696 ft

27.881°N
128.223°E

Morphology

Volcano Landform
Composite

Volcano Types
Complex

Rock Types

Major
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone
Oceanic crust (< 15 km)

Population

Within 5 km
Within 10 km
Within 30 km
Within 100 km

0
0
0
52,818

Geological Summary

The 1 x 2.7 km island of Io-Torishima, located north of the largest island of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, is composed of two andesitic volcanoes. Torishima (Bird Island) is a common name for offshore islands in Japan. Kusuku lava dome occupies the center of the inner of two sommas on the SE-most volcano. The summit crater of the NW-most volcano, Iodake, contains a small lake, solfataras, and sulfur deposits that were mined in the past. Historical eruptions dating back to 1664 have consisted of mild-to-moderate explosive activity.

References

The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography.

Hayakawa Y, 1996. (pers. comm.).

Japan Meteorological Agency, 2013. National Catalogue of the Active Volcanoes in Japan (fourth edition, English version). Japan Meteorological Agency.

Japan Meteorological Agency, 1996. National Catalogue of the Active Volcanoes in Japan (second edition). Tokyo: Japan Meteorological Agency, 502 p (in Japanese).

Japan Meteorological Agency, 1975. National Catalogue of the Active Volcanoes in Japan. Tokyo: Japan Meteorological Agency, 119 p (in Japanese).

Kudo T, Hoshizumi H, 2006-. Catalog of eruptive events within the last 10,000 years in Japan, database of Japanese active volcanoes. Geol Surv Japan, AIST, https://gbank.gsj.jp/volcano/index_e.htm.

Kuno H, 1962. Japan, Taiwan and Marianas. Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World and Solfatara Fields, Rome: IAVCEI, 11: 1-332.

Nakano S, Yamamoto T, Iwaya T, Itoh J, Takada A, 2001-. Quaternary Volcanoes of Japan. Geol Surv Japan, AIST, http://www.aist.go.jp/RIODB/strata/VOL_JP/.

Eruptive History

There is data available for 9 confirmed Holocene eruptive periods.

1968 Jul 18 - 1968 Jul 18 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 1

Episode 1 | Eruption

1968 Jul 18 - 1968 Jul 18

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 3 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Phreatic activity	weak or small
- - - -	- - - -	Ash	weak or small
1968 Jul 18	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1967 Nov 25 ± 5 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 1

Episode 1 | Eruption

1967 Nov 25 ± 5 days - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Phreatic activity	Uncertain
	1967 Nov 25 ± 5 days	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1959 Jun 8 - 1959 Jul 16 ± 15 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

Iwo-dake

1959 Jun 8 - 1959 Jul 16 ± 15 days

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 7 Events for Episode 1 at Iwo-dake

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Eruption cloud
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Scoria
- - - -	- - - -	Fumarolic or Solfataric
- - - -	- - - -	Evacuations
1959 Jun 8	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1903 Mar 15 ± 5 days - 1903 Aug 26 ± 5 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1903 Mar 15 ± 5 days - 1903 Aug 26 ± 5 days

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1903 Mar 15 ± 5 days	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1868 Feb - 1868 Apr Confirmed Eruption VEI: 1

Episode 1 | Eruption

1868 Feb - 1868 Apr

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 3 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion	Uncertain
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
1868 Feb	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1855 Mar - 1855 May Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1855 Mar - 1855 May

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 3 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion	Uncertain
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
1855 Mar	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1829 Dec 1 - 1829 Dec 16 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 1 (?)

Episode 1 | Eruption

1829 Dec 1 - 1829 Dec 16

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Phreatic activity	Uncertain
	1829 Dec 1	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1796 Oct - 1796 Nov Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

Iwo-dake

1796 Oct - 1796 Nov

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Iwo-dake

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion	Uncertain
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
1796 Oct	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1664 Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

1664 - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 6 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Avalanche
- - - -	- - - -	Earthquakes (undefined)
- - - -	- - - -	Tsunami
- - - -	- - - -	Property Damage
- - - -	- - - -	Evacuations
1664	- - - -	Fatalities

Deformation History

There is no Deformation History data available for Io-Torishima.

Emission History

There is no Emissions History data available for Io-Torishima.

Photo Gallery

The Global Volcanism Program has no photographs available for Io-Torishima.

GVP Map Holdings

Maps are not currently available due to technical issues.

Smithsonian Sample Collections Database

There are no samples for Io-Torishima in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences Rock and Ore collection.

External Sites

Copernicus Browser

The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions.

MIROVA

Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity.

MODVOLC Thermal Alerts

Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales.

WOVOdat
   Single Volcano View
   Temporal Evolution of Unrest
   Side by Side Volcanoes

WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.

GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments.

Volcanic Hazard Maps

The IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk has a Volcanic Hazard Maps database designed to serve as a resource for hazard mappers (or other interested parties) to explore how common issues in hazard map development have been addressed at different volcanoes, in different countries, for different hazards, and for different intended audiences. In addition to the comprehensive, searchable Volcanic Hazard Maps Database, this website contains information about diversity of volcanic hazard maps, illustrated using examples from the database. This site is for educational purposes related to volcanic hazard maps. Hazard maps found on this website should not be used for emergency purposes. For the most recent, official hazard map for a particular volcano, please seek out the proper institutional authorities on the matter.

IRIS seismic stations/networks

Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Io-Torishima. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice.

UNAVCO GPS/GNSS stations

Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of Io-Torishima. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player.

DECADE Data

The DECADE portal, still in the developmental stage, serves as an example of the proposed interoperability between The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program, the Mapping Gas Emissions (MaGa) Database, and the EarthChem Geochemical Portal. The Deep Earth Carbon Degassing (DECADE) initiative seeks to use new and established technologies to determine accurate global fluxes of volcanic CO₂ to the atmosphere, but installing CO₂ monitoring networks on 20 of the world's 150 most actively degassing volcanoes. The group uses related laboratory-based studies (direct gas sampling and analysis, melt inclusions) to provide new data for direct degassing of deep earth carbon to the atmosphere.

Large Eruptions of Io-Torishima

Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).

EarthChem

EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).