Global Volcanism Program

The Global Volcanism Program has no activity reports available for Naruko.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Reports available for Naruko.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Bulletin Reports available for Naruko.

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Synonyms

Narugo

Craters

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Katanuma

Crater

Shurado
Syurado

Crater

Domes

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Kurumiga-dake

Dome

461 m

38° 43' 59" N

140° 43' 54" E

Matsugamine
Matugamine

Dome

370 m

Oga-take

Dome

470 m

Toyagamori

Dome

396 m

Basic Data

Volcano Number

Last Known Eruption

Elevation

Latitude
Longitude

283200

837 CE

470 m / 1,542 ft

38.729°N
140.734°E

Morphology

Volcano Landform
Cluster

Volcano Types
Caldera
Lava dome(s)

Rock Types

Major
Rhyolite
Dacite

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone
Continental crust (> 25 km)

Population

Within 5 km
Within 10 km
Within 30 km
Within 100 km

54,771
54,771
210,262
4,417,058

Geological Summary

Naruko is a poorly defined, 5.5 x 7 km caldera NW of the city of Sendai. Formed during eruptions about 73,000 and 45,000 years ago, it contains a cluster of four dacitic lava domes of Holocene age surrounding the 400-m-wide lake-filled Katanuma crater. The highest of the low, but steep-sided lava domes, Ogadake, lies SE of the lake and reaches only 470 m above sea level. Ogadake and Kurumigadake domes are capped by conglomerates and mudstones uplifted during dome growth. The only recorded eruption in occurred in 837 CE. Water vapor and sulfur-dioxide gas emission occurs from Shurado crater on Toyagamori lava dome west of the lake and from the bottom of the crater lake, which is one of the most acidic in Japan, with a pH of 1.6. Solfataras are found on the western shore of Katanuma, and sulfur is mined from sediments on the lake floor.

References

The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography.

Ban M, Takahashi K, Horie T, Toya N, 2005. Petrogenesis of mafic inclusions in rhyolitic lavas from Narugo volcano, northeastern Japan. J Petr, 46: 1543-1563.

IAVCEI, 1973-80. Post-Miocene Volcanoes of the World. IAVCEI Data Sheets, Rome: Internatl Assoc Volc Chemistry Earth's Interior.

Japan Association Quaternary Research, 1987. Quaternary Maps of Japan: Landforms, Geology, and Tectonics. Tokyo: Univ Tokyo Press.

Japan Meteorological Agency, 1996. National Catalogue of the Active Volcanoes in Japan (second edition). Tokyo: Japan Meteorological Agency, 502 p (in Japanese).

Japan Meteorological Agency, 2013. National Catalogue of the Active Volcanoes in Japan (fourth edition, English version). Japan Meteorological Agency.

Kuno H, 1962. Japan, Taiwan and Marianas. Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World and Solfatara Fields, Rome: IAVCEI, 11: 1-332.

Nakano S, Yamamoto T, Iwaya T, Itoh J, Takada A, 2001-. Quaternary Volcanoes of Japan. Geol Surv Japan, AIST, http://www.aist.go.jp/RIODB/strata/VOL_JP/.

Sumi K, Takashima I, 1976. Absolute ages of the hydrothermal alteration halos and associated volcanic rocks in some Japanese geothermal fields. In: Proc 2nd United Nations Symp Devel Use Geotherm Resour, San Francisco, 1: 625-634.

Eruptive History

There is data available for 5 confirmed Holocene eruptive periods.

0837 May 27 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 1

Episode 1 | Eruption

0837 May 27 - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 4 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lahar or Mudflow	Uncertain
0837 May 27	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)
1969 Aug 26	- - - -	Fatalities

0800 BCE (in or before) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

0800 BCE (in or before) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 1 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Phreatic activity

1350 BCE ± 50 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

1350 BCE ± 50 years - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Phreatic activity
	- - - -	- - - -	Tephra

1400 BCE (in or before) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

1400 BCE (in or before) - Unknown

Evidence from Correlation: Tephrochronology

List of 1 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Phreatic activity

4400 BCE (after) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

4400 BCE (after) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	- - - -	- - - -	Ash

Deformation History

There is no Deformation History data available for Naruko.

Emission History

There is no Emissions History data available for Naruko.

Photo Gallery

Katanuma lake in the 5.5 x 7 km Narugo caldera is seen from its NW shore with Ogadake lava dome on the right-center horizon. It is the highest of a cluster of lava domes surrounding the lake at 470 m above sea level. Katanuma is one of the most acidic crater lakes in Japan, with a pH of 1.6, and sulfur is mined from sediments on the lake floor.

Copyrighted photo by Jun'ichi Itoh (Japanese Quaternary Volcanoes database, RIODB, http://riodb02.ibase.aist.go.jp/strata/VOL_JP/EN/index.htm and Geol Surv Japan, AIST, http://www.gsj.jp/).

GVP Map Holdings

Maps are not currently available due to technical issues.

Smithsonian Sample Collections Database

The following 2 samples associated with this volcano can be found in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences collections, and may be availble for research (contact the Rock and Ore Collections Manager). Catalog number links will open a window with more information.

Catalog Number	Sample Description	Lava Source	Collection Date
NMNH 108980-22	Dacite	--	--
NMNH 117455-49	Obsidian	Ogatake Lava; Oga-dake dome	--

External Sites

Copernicus Browser

The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions.

MIROVA

Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity.

MODVOLC Thermal Alerts

Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales.

WOVOdat
   Single Volcano View
   Temporal Evolution of Unrest
   Side by Side Volcanoes

WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.

GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments.

Volcanic Hazard Maps

The IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk has a Volcanic Hazard Maps database designed to serve as a resource for hazard mappers (or other interested parties) to explore how common issues in hazard map development have been addressed at different volcanoes, in different countries, for different hazards, and for different intended audiences. In addition to the comprehensive, searchable Volcanic Hazard Maps Database, this website contains information about diversity of volcanic hazard maps, illustrated using examples from the database. This site is for educational purposes related to volcanic hazard maps. Hazard maps found on this website should not be used for emergency purposes. For the most recent, official hazard map for a particular volcano, please seek out the proper institutional authorities on the matter.

IRIS seismic stations/networks

Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Naruko. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice.

UNAVCO GPS/GNSS stations

Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of Naruko. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player.

DECADE Data

The DECADE portal, still in the developmental stage, serves as an example of the proposed interoperability between The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program, the Mapping Gas Emissions (MaGa) Database, and the EarthChem Geochemical Portal. The Deep Earth Carbon Degassing (DECADE) initiative seeks to use new and established technologies to determine accurate global fluxes of volcanic CO₂ to the atmosphere, but installing CO₂ monitoring networks on 20 of the world's 150 most actively degassing volcanoes. The group uses related laboratory-based studies (direct gas sampling and analysis, melt inclusions) to provide new data for direct degassing of deep earth carbon to the atmosphere.

Large Eruptions of Naruko

Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).

EarthChem

EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).