Global Volcanism Program

Karymsky

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Russia
Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc
Composite | Stratovolcano
2024 CE

Country
Volcanic Region
Landform | Volc Type
Last Known Eruption

54.049°N
159.443°E
1,513 m
4,964 ft
300130

Latitude
Longitude
Summit
Elevation
Volcano
Number

Most Recent Weekly Report: 30 October-5 November 2024 Cite this Report

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 24-31 October. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images on 27 October; the volcano was quiet or weather clouds obscured views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

Most Recent Bulletin Report: November 2022 (BGVN 47:11) Cite this Report

Intermittent ash explosions until early August 2022; ongoing thermal anomalies and steam plumes

Karymsky, located in Kamchatka’s eastern volcanic zone, was constructed within a 5-km-wide caldera during the early Holocene. The latest eruptive period began about 500 years ago, following a 2,300-year quiescence. Much of the cone is mantled by lava flows less than 200 years old. Historical eruptions have been Vulcanian or Vulcanian-Strombolian with moderate explosive activity and occasional lava flows from the summit crater. The most recent eruption period began during April 2020 and has consisted of strong ash explosions, ashfall, and thermal activity. This report covers activity during May through October 2022 that was characterized by intermittent explosions, ash plumes, and thermal activity using daily, weekly, and special reports from the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT) and satellite data.

Moderate ash explosions were detected during May, accompanied by frequent thermal anomalies. Explosions visible in satellite data during 4-5 May generated ash plumes to 2.5-3.2 km altitude and drifted 15-60 km SW (figure 67). On 12 May explosions produced an ash plume that rose to 6 km altitude and drifted as far as 25-135 km WNW and NW. On 14 May explosions generated ash plumes to 5.7 km altitude and extended 28 km NE. During 17-18 May explosions sent ash to 3-3.5 km altitude and drifted 18-20 km ENE and NE. On 19 May explosions produced ash plumes that rose to 6.7-8 km altitude and drifted as far as 200-370 km E. During June, activity was relatively low; satellite data showed a thermal anomaly on most days over the volcano and occasional gas-and-steam emissions were visible (figure 68).

Figure 67. Photo of an ash plume that rose to 3.2 km altitude at Karymsky on 4 May 2022. Courtesy of S. Samoylenko, KVERT.

Figure 68. Photo of fumarolic activity rising above Karymsky on 16 June 2022. Courtesy of V. Shchirik, KVERT.

Activity continued during July, with a frequent thermal anomaly detected and intermittent ash plumes. Satellite data showed that during 13-14 July explosions produced ash plumes that rose to 8.5-11 km altitude and drifted 73-360 km SW. KVERT reported that after the eruption at 2250 on 13 July the ash cloud continued to be observed at a distance of 350 km SW. On 15 July moderate explosive activity produced an ash plume that extended as far as 45-200 km S and SE and during 29-31 July ash plumes rose to 5 km altitude and drifted 43 km SE and 30 km NE. On 31 July explosions produced ash plumes to 8 km altitude and drifted 57 km E and SE.

Similar activity was reported during August. On 2 August satellite data showed that an ash plume rose to 5.5 km altitude (4 km above the summit) and drifted about 12-230 km SSW (figure 69). During 6, 7, and 8 August ash plumes initially extended as far as 28 km NE, 18 km WNW, and 27 km W, respectively. The resulting ash clouds extended as far as 550 km SW and SE. A thermal anomaly was identified during the first week of August. KVERT reported that strong explosive events had stopped on 7 August.

Figure 69. Photo of an explosive event at Karymsky at 2144 UTC on 2 August 2022. The ash plume rose to 5.5 km altitude, about 4 km above the summit. Courtesy of V. Dyadina, KVERT.

Thermal anomalies continued to be detected during 12-13, 16, 18-19, 22, and 24-25 August; on other days the volcano was obscured by weather clouds. After these events, the strength of the thermal anomaly gradually decreased. Activity during September was dominated by a weak thermal anomaly on clear weather days, based on satellite data. Gas-and-steam emissions and a weak thermal anomaly occurred throughout October (figure 70). Satellite data showed that a thermal anomaly was visible at 0332 on 17 October.

Figure 70. Photo of white gas-and-steam emissions at Karymsky on 11 October 2022. Courtesy of V. Yaschuk, KB GS RAS, KVERT.

MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity) analysis of MODIS satellite data showed pulses of thermal activity during May and July-August (figure 71). Two low-power thermal anomalies were detected near the end of October. A total of six thermal hotspots were detected on 13, 14, 15, and 23 July, and 6 August, according to data from the MODVOLC thermal algorithm. On clear weather days, occasional thermal anomalies of variable intensity were visible in Sentinel-2 infrared satellite images; on 19 May and 7 August notably strong thermal anomalies were accompanied by incandescent avalanches of material on the SE flank (figure 72).

Figure 71. Pulses of thermal activity were detected at Karymsky during May and July-August 2022, as seen on this MIROVA graph (Log Radiative Power). Activity during mid-July and early August were stronger compared to May. Two low-power thermal anomalies were detected near the end of October. Courtesy of MIROVA.

Figure 72. Sentinel-2 infrared satellite imagery showed two strong thermal anomalies at the summit crater of Karymsky on 19 May 2022 (top left) and 7 August 2022 (bottom right). Accompanying incandescent avalanches on these days were visible affecting the SE flank. Weaker anomalies were visible at the summit crater on 23 June 2022 (top right) and 8 July 2022 (bottom left). Sentinel-2 satellite images with “Atmospheric penetration” (bands 12, 11, 8A) rendering. Courtesy of Sentinel Hub Playground.

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/kvert/); MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity), a collaborative project between the Universities of Turin and Florence (Italy) supported by the Centre for Volcanic Risk of the Italian Civil Protection Department (URL: http://www.mirovaweb.it/); Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) - MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. of Hawai'i, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (URL: http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/); Sentinel Hub Playground (URL: https://www.sentinel-hub.com/explore/sentinel-playground).

Weekly Reports - Index

30 October-5 November 2024 Cite this Report

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 October-29 October 2024 Cite this Report

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 17-24 October. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 18, 20-21, and 24 October; the volcano was quiet or weather clouds obscured views on the other days. Explosions on 20 October produced ash plumes that rose as high as 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 100 km E and SE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 October-22 October 2024 Cite this Report

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 11-17 October. Explosions on 11, 15, and 17 October produced ash plumes that rose as high as 6 km (20,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 200 km to the SE and NE. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images on 15 and 17 October; the volcano exhibited no activity or weather clouds obscured views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 October-15 October 2024 Cite this Report

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 4-10 October. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 3-7 October; the volcano was quiet or weather clouds obscured views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 October-8 October 2024 Cite this Report

Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 26 September-4 October. A minor thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images on 27 and 30 September; weather clouds obscured views on the other days. A plume of resuspended ash drifted 300 km SE on 30 September and 3 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 September-1 October 2024 Cite this Report

Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 19-26 September. A minor thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 22-23 and 25-26 September; weather clouds obscured views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 September-24 September 2024 Cite this Report

Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 12-19 September. A minor thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 14-17 September; weather clouds obscured views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 September-17 September 2024 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 6-12 September. Explosions during the week produced ash plumes that rose as high as 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 500 km NE. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 7-8 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 September-10 September 2024 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 29 August-6 September. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 29-30 August and 3-4 September. A series of six significant explosions on 30 August generated ash plumes that rose as high as 7 km (23,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 150 km ENE. The Aviation Color Code was briefly raised to Red (the highest level on a four-color scale) and then lowered back to Orange that same day. Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 August-3 September 2024 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 22-29 August. A weak thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 26 and 28-29 August; weather clouds obscured views on the other days during the week. A series of six significant explosions beginning at 0810 on 30 August generated ash plumes that rose as high as 10 km (32,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted NW, SE, and ENE. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Red (the highest level on a four-color scale). Pilots observed ash plumes rising 6-7 km (19,700-23,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifting ENE. At 0923 the Aviation Color Code was lowered to Orange. Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 August-27 August 2024 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 15-22 August. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images on 16 August; weather clouds obscured views on the other days during the week. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 August-20 August 2024 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 8-15 August. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 10-11 and 13-14 August; weather clouds obscured views on the other days during the week. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 August-13 August 2024 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 1-8 August. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 3-5 and 7 August; weather clouds obscured views on the other days during the week. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 July-6 August 2024 Cite this Report

The Kamchatka Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that moderate levels of activity continued at Karymsky during 25 July-1 August. Satellite data analyzed by KVERT showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 27-28 and 30 July; weather clouds prevented observations in satellite images on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are reported in UTC; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 July-30 July 2024 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 18-25 July. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 19, 21-23, 25 July; weather clouds obscured views on the other days during the week. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 July-23 July 2024 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 11-18 July. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images on 12, 15, and 18 July; weather clouds obscured views on the other days during the week. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 July-16 July 2024 Cite this Report

The Kamchatka Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that moderate explosive activity continued at Karymsky during 4-11 July. Satellite data analyzed by KVERT showed that explosions on 5-7 and 10 July generated ash plumes that rose about 2.5 km above the summit (to 4 km a.s.l.) and drifted as far as 80 km NE and E. Additionally, a thermal anomaly was observed over the volcano during 5-7 and 10 July; weather clouds prevented observations in satellite images on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are reported in UTC; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 July-9 July 2024 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that explosive activity at Karymsky that started on 20 June possibly continued through 4 July; weather clouds obscured views during the week. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 June-2 July 2024 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that explosive activity at Karymsky that started on 20 June continued through 27 June. Daily explosions generated ash plumes that rose as high as 6 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 540 km SE, S, SW, and W. A thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images during 20-21 and 24-27; dense weather clouds obscured views during 22-23 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 June-25 June 2024 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that explosive activity at Karymsky began at 1850 local time on 20 June based on satellite data. The explosions generated ash plumes that rose 5.5-6 km (18,000-19,700 ft) a.s.l., forming an ash cloud that was 16 x 23 km in size, and drifted SSW. A thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). By 1222 local time on 21 June the ash plume had drifted 540 km S and SE. Explosions produced ash plumes identified in satellite images at 1747 local time that rose 5.3-5.5 km (17,400-18,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 30 km WSW. At 1149 local time on 22 June explosions sent ash plumes to 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. that drifted 30 km W based on satellite data. The previous eruption at Karymsky occurred during 3 April 2021-22 August 2022. Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 January-17 January 2023 Cite this Report

KVERT lowered the Aviation Color Code for Karymsky to Green (the lowest level on a four-color scale) on 12 January, noting that ash explosions were last detected on 7 August 2022. A minor thermal anomaly visible in satellite images and moderate levels of gas-and-steam emissions persisted. Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 December-20 December 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly at Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 12 and 13 December. Gas-and-steam emissions persisted. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 November-22 November 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly at Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 13 and 15-17 November. Gas-and-steam emissions persisted. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 November-15 November 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly at Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 4 and 9 November. Gas-and-steam emissions persisted. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 October-18 October 2022 Cite this Report

On 15 October KVERT lowered the Aviation Color Code for Karymsky to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale), noting that strong explosions were last recorded on 7 August. Though a thermal anomaly continued to be identified in satellite images, the temperature of that anomaly had been decreasing since the explosions. Gas-and-steam emissions persisted, and in recent days snow sometimes covered the volcano.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 October-11 October 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 30 September and during 1-2 and 5-6 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 September-27 September 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 16-18 and 20-21 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 September-20 September 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 9 and 10-11 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 September-13 September 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 1, 3-4, and 7-8 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 August-6 September 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 25 August-1 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 August-30 August 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that the eruption at Karymsky continued during 18-25 August. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 18-19, 22, and 24-25 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 August-23 August 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that the eruption at Karymsky continued during 11-18 August. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 12-13, 16, and 18 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 August-16 August 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that the eruption at Karymsky continued during 4-11 August. A daily thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images. Explosions during 5-9 August produced ash plumes that rose as high as 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 550 km in multiple directions. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 August-9 August 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that the eruption at Karymsky continued during 29 July-4 August. Explosions during 29-31 July, 1-2 August, and 4 August produced ash plumes that rose 4-8 km (13,100-26,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 230 km S, SE, and E. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 31 July-4 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 July-2 August 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 21-23 and 27-28 July. Ash plumes were identified in satellite images drifting 46 km ESE on 27 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 July-26 July 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 14-21 July. Ash plumes were identified in satellite images drifting 170 km S and SE on 15 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 July-19 July 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 7-14 July. At 2250 local time on 13 July ash plumes were identified in satellite images rising 10-11 km (32,800-36,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifting 360 km SW. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 July-12 July 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 30 June and 3 and 7 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 June-5 July 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 24 and 27-30 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 June-28 June 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 17 and 19-23 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 June-21 June 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 10-11 and 15-17 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 June-14 June 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 4-9 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 June-7 June 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 27 May-3 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 May-31 May 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 20 and 23-27 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 May-24 May 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 13-20 May daily explosions at Karymsky generated ash plumes that rose 3-9.5 km (9,800-31,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted more than 450 km in various directions. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was visible in satellite images during 13-14 and 17-19 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 May-17 May 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 6-13 May. Explosions on 12 May generated ash plumes that rose as high as 6 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. by 1120 local time and drifted about 30 km NW. Explosions on 14 May produced ash plumes that rose to 5.7 km (18,700 ft) a.s.l. by 0940 local time and drifted 28 km NE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 May-10 May 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 29 April-6 May. Explosions on 4 May generated ash plumes that rose as high as 3.2 km (10,500 ft) a.s.l. and drifted about 60 km SW. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 April-3 May 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images on most days during 22-29 April. Explosions during 21-22 April produced ash plumes that rose as high as 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted around 95 km E and SE. Explosions at 1410 on 28 April, local time, generated an ash plume that rose to 10 km (32,800 ft) a.s.l., was about 5 x 7 km at it’s top, and drifted WNW. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Red (the highest level on a four-color scale). By 1550 the ash cloud had spread to 28 x 34 km in size and had drifted almost 290 km WNW at an altitude of 9 km. The Aviation Color Code was lowered to orange because ash was no longer being emitted from the volcano. The plume had drifted more than 1,000 km before dissipating.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 April-26 April 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 15-22 April. Explosions during 17-19 and 21 April generated ash plumes that rose as high as 7.5 km (24,600 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 500 km NE. SE, and E. A powerful explosion at 0805 on 20 April (local time) generated ash plumes that rose as high as 11 km (36,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted more than 2,000 km NE. KVERT raised the Aviation Color Code to Red (the highest level on a four-color scale). Ashfall was reported in the territory of the Kronotsky Reserve (Semyachinsky, Valley of Geysers), 50 km NE, and at Cape Nalychevo, 100 km S. Explosions continued through the day; ash plumes rising to 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. were visible in satellite images at 1500, local time. The previous ash plume was about 505 x 130 km and drifted NE, S, and SE at an altitude of 8.7 km (28,500 ft) a.s.l. The Aviation Color Code was lowered to Orange by 1544, local time, on 20 April.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 April-19 April 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images on 9 and 11-12 April; the volcano was quiet or obscured by clouds on the other days during 8-15 April. Explosions produced ash plumes that rose to 6 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SSW, based on satellite data acquired at 0810 on 20 April, local time. Explosions continued and within an hour produced larger ash plumes that rose 9.8-10 km (32,100-32,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted almost 30 km NE. KVERT raised the Aviation Color Code to Red (the highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 April-12 April 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images on 3 and 5-6 April; the volcano was quiet or obscured by clouds on the other days during 1-8 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 March-5 April 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 24-26 March. The volcano was either quiet or obscured by clouds on the other days during 27 March through 1 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 March-29 March 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 22-23 March. The volcano was either quiet or obscured by clouds on the other days during 18-25 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 March-22 March 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 13-16 March. The volcano was either quiet or obscured by clouds on the other days during 11-18 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 March-8 March 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 25-28 February. The volcano was obscured by clouds on the other days during 1-4 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 February-1 March 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 20 and 23-24 February. The volcano was either quiet or obscured by clouds on the other days during 18-25 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 February-22 February 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 10-11 February. The volcano was either quiet or obscured by clouds on the other days through 18 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 February-15 February 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images on 10 February. The volcano was either quiet or obscured by clouds on the other days during 4-11 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 January-1 February 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 23-26 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 January-25 January 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that on 15 and 17 January explosions at Karymsky produced ash plumes that rose as high as 7 km (23,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 172 km W. A thermal anomaly was visible in satellite images on 16 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 January-18 January 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported increased explosive activity at Karymsky and a thermal anomaly visible in satellite images during 7-8 and 11-12 January. Explosions during 11-13 January produced ash plumes that drifted almost 130 km in various directions. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 January-11 January 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 2-3 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 December-4 January 2022 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 28-30 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 December-28 December 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 16-21 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 December-21 December 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 11, 13, and 15-16 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 December-14 December 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 2-3 December explosions at Karymsky generated ash plumes that rose as high as 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 235 km ENE. A thermal anomaly was visible in satellite images during 2-4, 7, and 9 December. Dates are based on UTC times. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 December-7 December 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that on 25 November explosions at Karymsky generated ash plumes that rose as high as 6 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 30 km NW. A thermal anomaly was visible in satellite images during27-29 November. Explosions on 2 December produced ash plumes that rose up to 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 100 km ENE. Dates are based on UTC times. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 November-30 November 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 18-20 and 25 November explosions at Karymsky generated ash plumes that rose as high as 6.5 km (21,300 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 370 km NE and NW. A thermal anomaly was visible in satellite images during 18-19 and 22 November. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 November-23 November 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 11-13 and 18 November explosions at Karymsky generated ash plumes that rose as high as 8 km (26,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 400 km NE and NW. A thermal anomaly was visible in satellite images during 14-18 November. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 November-16 November 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 8-12 November explosions at Karymsky generated ash plumes that rose as high as 5.5 km (18,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 300 km E and SE. A thermal anomaly was visible in satellite images. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 November-9 November 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 29 October-2 November explosions at Karymsky generated ash plumes that rose as high as 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 135 km E and SE. According to the Tokyo VAAC ash plumes rose as high as 7.9 km (26,000 ft) a.s.l. on 3 November and drifted SE and E.

A powerful explosive eruption on 4 November generated notable ash plumes described in a series of VONAs issued by KVERT and volcanic ash advisories (VAAs) issued by the Tokyo and Anchorage VAACs. On 4 November ash plumes rose 3-9.5 km (10,000-31,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E. Satellite images acquired at 1750 showed two large ash clouds, one was 400 x 560 km in extent and had drifted 1,090 km E and the second was 80 x 280 km and had drifted 460 km SE. On 5 November ash plumes rose 3-5.5 km (10,000-18,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E and NE. Additional explosions at 1540 on 6 November generated ash plumes that rose 7.5-8 km (24,600-26,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted ENE, prompting KVERT to raise the Aviation Color Code to Red (the highest level on a four-color scale). Observers on Medny and Bering islands reported ashfall. Activity waned, but at 1305 on 7 November more ash plumes rose to 4-4.6 km (13,100-15,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 110 km NNE; KVERT lowered the Aviation Color Code to Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 October-2 November 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 22 and 26-28 October explosions at Karymsky generated ash plumes that rose as high as 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 65 km E and SE. A thermal anomaly was visible on 22 and 28 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 October-26 October 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 19-20 October explosions at Karymsky generated ash plumes that rose as high as 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 225 km E. A thermal anomaly was visible on 21 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 October-19 October 2021 Cite this Report

A thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 8-9 October. On 19 October KVERT lowered the Aviation Color Code to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale), noting that only gas-and-steam emissions persisted after the last ash explosions were recorded on 25 September. On 20 October explosions generated ash plumes that rose as high as 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted almost 90 km ENE. KVERT raised the Aviation Color Code to Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 October-12 October 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 7 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 September-5 October 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 24-28 September. Ash plumes rose as high as 4.6 km (15,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 100 km E, SE, and SW during 24-26 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 September-28 September 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 16-18 and 22 September. Ash plumes rose as high as 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 180 km E during 16, 18-19, and 22 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 September-21 September 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 10-17 September. Ash plumes rose as high as 7 km (23,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 180 km E and SE during 10 and 15-16 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 September-14 September 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 3-10 September. Ash plumes rose 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 165 km E during 2-6 and 9 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 September-7 September 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that ash plumes from Karymsky were visible in satellite images drifting 50 km NE and E during 26-27 August, and a thermal anomaly over the volcano was visible every day during 26 August -2 September except for on 29 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 August-31 August 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 20-27 August daily gas-and-ash plumes from Karymsky were identified in satellite images drifting 94 km NE, E, and SE. Daily thermal anomalies were also visible. The Tokyo VAAC noted that during 25-27 August ash plumes rose to 3-4.6 (10,000-14,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E and NE, based on information from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Airport (UHPP) and satellite data. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 August-24 August 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that ash emissions from Karymsky were observed in satellite data during 14-20 August; gas-and-steam plumes containing some ash were also noted. The Tokyo VAAC reported that multiple ash plumes rose to 2.4-3.4 km (8,000-11,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE, SW, S, and E during 17-21 August. On 19 August an explosion produced an ash plume that rose 2-2.5 km (6,600-8,200 ft) a.s.l and drifted 60 km ESE. Ash plumes during 19-20 August rose to 2.4 km (8,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E. A thermal anomaly was identified in satellite imagery all week. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

11 August-17 August 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that explosions at Karymsky during 6-13 August produced ash plumes that rose as high as 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. Gas-and-steam plumes containing some ash drifted over 60 km SE and SE. A thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images during 7-8 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 August-10 August 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 29 and 31 July, and 1, 2, and 4 August. Weather clouds prevented satellite observations on the days in between as well as during 5-6 August. Gas, steam, and ash plumes from explosions rose 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 75 km SE during 1 and 4-5 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 July-3 August 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 23-30 July. Multiple explosions during the week produced ash plumes that rose to 2 km (6,600 ft) a.s.l. and drifted about 350 km E. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 July-27 July 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 16 and 20-22 July and ash plumes were visible drifting 100 km SE, NE, and N during 21-22 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 July-20 July 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that ash plumes from Karymsky were identified in satellite data drifting 80 km NW, NE, and ESE during 8-11 and 15 July. A thermal anomaly was visible during 8 and 10-13 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 July-13 July 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was idenitifed in satellite images during 5-8 July and ash plumes were visible drifting 60 km W and E during 6-8 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 June-6 July 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images on 25 and 30 June and 1 July; the volcano was quiet or obscured by weather clouds on the other days during 26 June-2 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 June-29 June 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images on 23 June; the volcano was quiet or obscured by weather clouds on the other days during 18-25 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 June-22 June 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 10-11, 14, and 17 June. Ash plumes drifted 70 km NE on 15 and 17 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 June-15 June 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 3 and 8-10 June. Ash plumes drifted 40 km NE during 6-8 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 June-8 June 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 28-31 and 2-3 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 May-1 June 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images on 22 and 24 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 May-25 May 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images on 13-14 and 19 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 May-18 May 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images on 7 and 9 May; weather clouds prevented observations during 8-14 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 May-11 May 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 29-30 April and 1 May; weather clouds prevented observations during 2-7 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 April-4 May 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 22-23 and 29 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 April-27 April 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images 16-17 and 22 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 April-20 April 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 9-12 April; weather conditions obscured views during 13-16 April. An explosion at 1745 on 11 April produced ash plumes that rose to 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 112 km SSE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 April-13 April 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that the explosive eruption that began at Karymsky on 3 April continued through 11 April. A thermal anomaly was visible in satellite images during 2-6 April; weather conditions obscured views on other days. The 3 April explosion generated an ash plume that rose to 8.5 km (27,900 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 255 km NE. At 1745 on 11 April explosions produced ash plumes that rose to 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted at least 65 km SE. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale) on 3 April.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 March-6 April 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that explosions at 1130 on 4 April likely caused ash plumes to rise to 8.5 km (27,900 ft) a.s.l. above Karymsky and drift NE, based on satellite data. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 February-16 February 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that activity at Karymsky had decreased; strong explosions were last observed on 2 January and a thermal anomaly was last detected in satellite images on 5 February. The Aviation Color Code was lowered to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale) on 11 February and then lowered to Green, the lowest level, on 16 February. Gas-and-steam emissions persisted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 February-9 February 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky’s summit crater was visible in satellite images on 2 February. Weather clouds obscured views on the other days during 30 January-5 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 January-2 February 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over a lava dome in Karymsky’s summit crater was visible in satellite images during 21-24 and 27 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 January-26 January 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over a lava dome in Karymsky’s summit crater was visible in satellite images during 14-15 and 20-21 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 January-19 January 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 8-15 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 January-12 January 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 1-4 and 6-7 January. Explosions on 2 January produced ash plumes that rose to 5.5 km (18,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted almost 130 km SE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 December-5 January 2021 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 24-28 December. Explosions on 26 and 30 December produced ash plumes that rose 4-5 km (13,100-16,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 70 km NW. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 December-29 December 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible during 19-20 and 24 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 December-22 December 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible during 11-12 and 17 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 December-15 December 2020 Cite this Report

At 2045 on 9 December explosions at Karymsky generated ash plumes that rose 6-7 km (19,700-23,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 60 km NW, prompting KVERT to raise the Alert Level to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Explosions continued the next day; ash plumes drifted 220 km NW, W, and SW. A thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images on 4, 8, and 10 December.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 December-8 December 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that strong explosions at Karymsky were last observed on 8 November 2019 and a thermal anomaly was last visible in satellite images on 19 November 2019. Gas-and-steam emissions persist. Since activity had significantly decreased, the Alert Level was lowered to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale) on 3 December.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 November-24 November 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 15 and 19 November. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 November-17 November 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 7-9 and 12 November. An explosion on 8 November produced an ash plume that rose to 8 km (26,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 230 km NE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 November-10 November 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 30 October and 1-2 November explosions at Karymsky produced ash plumes that rose to 6.5 km (21,300 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 60 km SW and NE. A thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images on those same days and additionally on 4 November. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 October-3 November 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 23 and 25-26 October explosions at Karymsky produced ash plumes that rose to 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 75 km SE, NE, and NW. A thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images during 23-24, 26, and 28 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 October-27 October 2020 Cite this Report

A new eruption at Karymsky that began on 21 October prompted KVERT to raise the Aviation Color Code to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). A thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images. During 21-23 October explosions produced ash plumes that rose as high as 6 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 380 km SE. An ash cloud, 30 x 60 km in area, was identified in satellite images 530 km SE from the volcano.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 October-20 October 2020 Cite this Report

Pilots observed explosions at 1430 on 21 October at Karymsky with ash plumes that rose to 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE. KVERT raised the Aviation Color Code to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 September-8 September 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that explosions at Karymsky were last recorded on 29 July. A thermal anomaly was weak for most of August and undetectable after 21 August. The Aviation Color Code was lowered to Green (the lowest level on a four-color scale) on 3 September.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 August-1 September 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 18 and 21 August; weather clouds prevented views of the volcano on the other days during 14-28 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 August-18 August 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 7 and 10 August; weather clouds prevented views of the volcano on the other days during 7-14 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 August-11 August 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 5-6 August; weather clouds prevented views of the volcano on the other days during 1-7 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 July-4 August 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 24-31 July. Strombolian and Vulcanian explosions during 27-30 July produced ash plumes that rose to 3-3.5 km (10,000-11,500 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 250 km SW and SE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 July-21 July 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 13 and 15 July. A gas-and-steam plume containing some ash drifted 26 km SW on 14 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 July-14 July 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a bright thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 5-6 and 8 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 July-7 July 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a bright thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 26-30 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 June-30 June 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a bright thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 19-26 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 June-23 June 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 11-19 June, possibly due to ongoing Strombolian activity. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 June-16 June 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 10-11 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 June-9 June 2020 Cite this Report

Based on satellite images KVERT reported that on 29 May, 31 May, and 2 June explosions at Karymsky generated ash plumes that rose to 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 380 km SW, SE, and E. A thermal anomaly was visible on 31 May and 2 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 May-2 June 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 23 and 25-28 May. Ash plumes were also identified and drifted 185 km SE and SW on 24, 26, and 28 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 May-26 May 2020 Cite this Report

On 25 May an ash plume from Karymsky was visible in satellite images drifting 30 km ESE, prompting KVERT to raise the Aviation Color Code to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Explosive activity on 27 May generated ash plumes that rose to 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. Satellite data showed an ash plume 19x24 km in dimension continuing to drift SE.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 May-19 May 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 7, 10, and 13 May. Steam-and-gas plumes containing some ash drifted 77 km SE on 10 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 April-28 April 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 17 and 21 April; gas-and-steam plumes containing some ash drifted 80 km SE on those same days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 April-21 April 2020 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that over the past few weeks a minor amount of ash was present in Karymsky’s gas-and-steam plumes and trace ash deposits were visible on the surrounding snow. A very weak thermal anomaly was identified in satellite data on 6 April. The Tokyo VAAC reported that on 18 April an ash plume rose to 1.5 km (5,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE based on satellite data and information from UHPP (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Airport). The Aviation Color Code was raised to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale) on 19 April.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

2 October-8 October 2019 Cite this Report

On 3 October KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky continued to be periodically visible in satellite images. Ash explosions were last recorded on 24 September. The Aviation Color Code was lowered to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 September-1 October 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images on 19 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 September-24 September 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images on 14 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 September-17 September 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images on 10 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 September-10 September 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images on 5 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 August-3 September 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 23-24 August along with ash plumes drifting 51 km SE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 August-27 August 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that ash plumes from Karymsky were visible in satellite images drifting 500 km SW during 20-22 August. Explosions on 21 August produced ash plumes that rose to 6 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was visible during 21-22 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 August-20 August 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 11-12 and 15 August. Volcanologists doing fieldwork on 14 August observed explosions and ash plumes that rose to 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. Satellite images showed ash plumes drifting S and SE that same day. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 August-13 August 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 2 and 4-6 August. Ash plumes drifted 180 km SE and NW during 3-5 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 July-6 August 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that on 26 July a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images along with an ash plume drifting 60 km SE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 July-30 July 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 18-19 and 25 July. An ash plume drifted 134 km SE on 25 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 July-23 July 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that ash plumes from Karymsky drifted 60 km in multiple directions during 13-17 July. A thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images during 14 and 16-18 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 July-16 July 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 4-5 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 July-9 July 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 30 June-3 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 June-25 June 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 14-15 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 June-18 June 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly at Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 8-14 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 May-4 June 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that an ash plume from Karymsky was identified in satellite images drifting 45 km NE on 24 May and a thermal anomaly was visible during 28-29 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 May-28 May 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 17-21 May. An ash plume drifted 9 km SW on 21 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 May-21 May 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 10-14 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 May-14 May 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 6-8 May. A gas-and-steam plume containing ash was also visible drifting 105 km SE and SW during 6-7 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 May-7 May 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 27 and 30 April and 1 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 April-30 April 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 18-21 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 April-23 April 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images during 13-14 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 April-9 April 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that an ash plume from Karymsky was visible in satellite images on 31 March drifting about 17 km S. Weather clouds obscured views during 1-6 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 March-2 April 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that ash plumes from Karymsky were visible in satellite images during 26-27 March drifting 190 km E at altitudes of 2-3 km (6,600-9,800 ft) a.s.l. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 March-26 March 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was visible in satellite images on 17 March. The volcano was quiet or obscured by clouds on the other days during 15-22 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 March-19 March 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 8-12 March explosions at Karymsky generated ash plumes that rose as high as 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted about 100 km E. A thermal anomaly was visible on 10 and 12 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 March-12 March 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that ash plumes from Karymsky were identified in satellite images during 1 and 4-5 March rising as high as 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. and drifting 90 km E. A thermal anomaly was also visible on those same days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 February-5 March 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that ash plumes from Karymsky were identified in satellite images during 22 and 24-26 February rising as high as 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. and drifting 216 km E. A thermal anomaly was visible during 24-25 and 27-28 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 February-26 February 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that ash plumes from Karymsky were identified in satellite images drifting 200 km E during 16-20 February, and a thermal anomaly was visible during 16 and 18-20 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 February-19 February 2019 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that at 1427 on 16 February a satellite image captured an ash plume from Karymsky drifting 55 km SE at altitudes of 2.5-3 km (8,200-10,000 ft) a.s.l. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). According to the Tokyo VAAC a possible ash plume on 17 February rose to 3.7 km (12,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE. A weak ash plume drifting 117 km ESE was visible in satellite images on 18 February.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 October-30 October 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was last identified in satellite images on 28 September, and an ash plume was last visible on 30 September. The volcano was either quiet or obscured by weather clouds during 1-25 October. On 26 October the Aviation Color Code was lowered to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 October-9 October 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 28 September, and a narrow ash plume was visible drifting 135 km E on 30 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 September-2 October 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 22-24 September, and ash plumes were visible drifting 365 km E during 22-23 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 September-25 September 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 19 September; the volcano was obscured by weather clouds the rest of the days during 14-21 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 September-18 September 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 7 September. Dense and continuous ash emissions from the crater were visible on 10 September. Explosions during 10-11 September generated ash plumes identified in satellite images rising 5-6 km (16,400-19,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifting about 860 km NE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 September-11 September 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 31 August and 5 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 August-4 September 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that an ash plume from Karymsky was identified in satellite images drifting about 40 km S on 25 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 August-21 August 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 10 August; cloud cover prevented views during 11-17 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 August-14 August 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 4 August, and an ash cloud drifted 50 km SE on 7 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 August-7 August 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 27-29 and 31 July, as well as ash plumes drifting 200 km SE, E, and NE during 28-31 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 July-31 July 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that an ash cloud from Karymsky was identified in satellite images drifting 100 km SE on 20 July, and thermal anomalies were visible on 25 and 27 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 July-24 July 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 13-20 July, along with ash plumes that drifted as far as 500 km W and SW during 14-19 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 July-17 July 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 8 and 10-12 July a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images, as well as diffuse gas-and-steam plumes with some ash on 10 July. An explosion at 0550 on 17 July generated an ash plume that rose as high as 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 11 km WSW. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 June-19 June 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was last identified in satellite images on 20 May. The Aviation Color Code was lowered to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale) on 15 June.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 May-29 May 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 19-20 May a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 May-22 May 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 13-15 May a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images, as well as ash plumes drifting about 150 km SW on 14 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 May-15 May 2018 Cite this Report

Based on satellite data, KVERT reported that during 11-14 May explosions at Karymsky generated ash plumes that rose as high as 3.5 km (11,500 ft) and drifted 145 km SW. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 May-8 May 2018 Cite this Report

Based on satellite data, KVERT reported that during 28 April and 2-3 May explosions at Karymsky generated ash plumes that rose as high as 5.5 km (18,000 ft) and drifted 150 km NE and SE. A weak thermal anomaly over the volcano was visible on 3 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 April-1 May 2018 Cite this Report

On 26 April KVERT reported that the last explosive event at Karymsky occurred on 27 January, and the last thermal anomaly was detected on 26 March; activity remained at a low level. The Aviation Color Code was lowered to Green (the lowest level on a four-color scale). Explosive activity was identified in satellite images beginning at 1825 on 28 April, prompting KVERT to raise the Alert Level to Orange. Ash plumes rose as high as 5.5 km (18,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 150 km NE.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 April-24 April 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that the last explosive event at Karymsky occurred on 27 January, and the last thermal anomaly was detected on 26 March. The Aviation Color Code was lowered to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 April-17 April 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite data on 11 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 March-3 April 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 23-26 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 February-27 February 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 18 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 February-20 February 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 9 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 February-13 February 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 3 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 January-6 February 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that an ash plume from Karymsky was identified in satellite images drifting 80 km NE on 27 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 January-30 January 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 19 and 23 January. Gas-and-steam plumes drifted 30 km NE and NW on 21 and 25 January, and an ash plume drifted about 100 km NE on 23 January. An explosion at 1430 on 27 January generated ash plumes that rose as high as 5.2 km (17,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 80 km NNE, prompting KVERT to raise the Aviation Color Code to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 January-23 January 2018 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a small ash cloud was identified in satellite data drifting near Karymsky on 18 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 December-26 December 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that an ash plume from Karymsky was identified in satellite data drifting 114 km ENE on 14 December. No further ash emissions were noted afterwards; the Aviation Color Code was lowered to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale) on 24 December.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 December-19 December 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that an ash plume from Karymsky was identified in satellite data drifting 50 km E on 14 December. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 December-12 December 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite data during 3 and 5-6 December. An ash cloud rose to an altitude of km (9,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 200 km E on 4 December. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 November-5 December 2017 Cite this Report

Based on satellite data KVERT reported that an eruption at Karymsky began at about 0630 on 4 December and generated an ash cloud that rose to an altitude of km (9,000 ft) a.s.l. An ash cloud 16 x 12 km in dimension was identified in satellite images about three hours later, 92 km E of the volcano. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 October-31 October 2017 Cite this Report

On 27 October KVERT reported that gas-and-steam activity at Karymsky continued, and that the last ash-bearing explosions occurred on 3 October. The Aviation Color Code was lowered to Green (the lowest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 October-24 October 2017 Cite this Report

On 19 October KVERT reported that gas-and-steam activity at Karymsky continued, and that quiet or cloudy conditions had been observed in satellite data since 3 October. The Aviation Color Code was lowered to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 October-17 October 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a plume comprised of re-suspended ash was identified in satellite images drifting about 320 km E from Karymsky during 11-12 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 October-10 October 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that an ash cloud was identified in satellite images drifting about 85 km ENE from Karymsky on 3 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 September-3 October 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 23-25 September. An ash cloud drifted about 54 km E on 23 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 September-26 September 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 15-16 September. An ash cloud rose 7 km (23,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted for about 100 km NE on 19 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 September-19 September 2017 Cite this Report

Based on satellite data, KVERT reported that ash explosions at Karymsky occurred at 0420 on 20 September, producing an ash cloud that drifted 95-100 km NNE. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 August-5 September 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT noted gas-and-steam emissions at Karymsky since 12 August. The Aviation Color Code was lowered to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale) on 30 August.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 August-22 August 2017 Cite this Report

A thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 11 August, as well as ash plumes drifting about 400 km SE during 12-13 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 August-15 August 2017 Cite this Report

A thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 4 and 6-10 August, as well as ash plumes drifting about 70 km NE and SW during 4 and 7-9 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 August-8 August 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that satellite images showed a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky on 1 and 3 August, and ash plumes drifting about 30 km ESE on 3 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 July-25 July 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that explosions at Karymsky on 18 July generated ash plumes that rose 1.7 km (5,600 ft) a.s.l. Satellite images showed a weak thermal anomaly over the volcano during 18-20 July, and ash plumes drifting 117 km E on 20 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 July-18 July 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 7 and 11-12 July. Ash plumes drifted 170 km SW and SE on 10 and 11 July, respectively. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 July-11 July 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 1-3 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 June-4 July 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 23-24 and 27-28 June. An ash plume drifted 55 km SW on 24 June. Explosions on 26 June generated ash plumes that rose to an altitude of 6 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 165 km SE during 26-27 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 June-27 June 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 16-17 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 June-20 June 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 10-12 and 14-15 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 June-13 June 2017 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 3-8 June. Explosions on 8 June generated ash plumes that rose 2-3 km (6,600-9,800 km) a.s.l. and drifted 70 km E, SE, and SW. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 May-6 June 2017 Cite this Report

Based on Tokyo VAAC data, KVERT reported that an explosive eruption at Karymsky began at 0040 on 4 June. An ash plume rose 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted over 40 km NE. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Less than four hours later ash plumes rose 2 km (6,600 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 85 km ENE. The VAAC reported that a possible ash plumes rose 4 km 13,000 ft) a.s.l. during 5-6 June and drifted E.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 October-25 October 2016 Cite this Report

On 19 October KVERT stated that moderate steam-and-gas emissions and an occasional weak thermal anomaly at Karymsky continued to be detected in satellite images. The Aviation Color Code was lowered to Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 October-18 October 2016 Cite this Report

Based on satellite image analysis, KVERT reported that during 7-8 October gas, steam, and ash plumes rose from Karymsky and drifted 390 km E and SE. A weak thermal anomaly was detected over the volcano on 7 and 12 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 October-11 October 2016 Cite this Report

Based on satellite image analysis, KVERT reported that during 5-7 October gas-and-steam plumes containing small amounts of ash rose from Karymsky and drifted 100 km SE. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Yellow. Ash emissions continued to drift SE on 8 October; the total length of the ash plume grew to 388 km. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 September-13 September 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Karymsky was quiet during March-August, noting that the last moderate explosion occurred in February and the last thermal anomaly over the volcano was detected in May. On 2 September the Aviation Color Code was lowered to Green (the lowest level on a four-color scale).

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 April-3 May 2016 Cite this Report

On 28 April KVERT reported that satellite images over Karymsky showed either cloud cover or quiet conditions at the volcano during March-April. Moderate gas-and-steam emissions continued. The Aviation Color Code was lowered to Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 April-26 April 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate activity at Karymsky continued during 15-21 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 April-19 April 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate activity at Karymsky continued during 8-15 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 April-12 April 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate activity at Karymsky continued during 1-8 April. Satellite images showed a weak thermal anomaly over the volcano on 1 and 6 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 March-5 April 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate activity at Karymsky continued during 25 March-1 April. Fresh ash deposits from the previous week were noted near the volcano. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 March-29 March 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate activity at Karymsky continued during 18-25 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 March-22 March 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate activity at Karymsky continued during 11-18 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 March-15 March 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate activity at Karymsky continued during 4-11 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 March-8 March 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 26 February-4 March. Daily satellite images detected a thermal anomaly over the volcano and fresh ash deposits. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 February-1 March 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 19-26 February. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on 22 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 February-23 February 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 12-19 February. Satellite images detected a daily thermal anomaly, and ash plumes from explosions that drifted about 125 km E. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 February-16 February 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 5-12 February. Satellite images detected a daily thermal anomaly, and ash plumes that drifted about 170 km E and SE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 February-9 February 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 29 January-5 February. Satellite images detected a daily thermal anomaly, and ash plumes that drifted about 270 km E and SE on 31 January and during 1-2 and 4 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 January-2 February 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 22-29 January. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on 23 and 26 January, and ash plumes that drifted about 160 km E and NW on 24 and 26 January, respectively. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 January-26 January 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 15-22 January. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly during 15, 18-19, and 21 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 January-19 January 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 8-14 January. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly during 11-14 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 January-12 January 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 1-8 January. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly during 1, 3-4, and 6-7 December, and ash plumes drifting as far as 200 km E during 3 and 5-6 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 December-5 January 2016 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 25 December-1 January. Satellite images detected an ash cloud, 56 km long and 6 km wide, drifting 145 km ENE on 25 December, and a thermal anomaly during 25, 27-28, and 31 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 December-29 December 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 18-25 December. Satellite images detected an ash cloud, 8 x 6 km in size, drifting W on 22 December, and a thermal anomaly during 23-24 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 December-22 December 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 11-18 December. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on 14 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 December-15 December 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 4-11 December. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly during 6-7 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 December-8 December 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 27 November-4 December. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on 27 November and 3 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 November-1 December 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 20-27 November. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on 20 November. According to pilot reports, an explosion at 1555 on 30 November generated an ash plume that rose to an altitude of 7.5 km (24,600 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 80 km ESE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 November-24 November 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 13-20 November. Satellite images detected ash plumes drifting 160 km E during 16-17 November. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 November-17 November 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 6-13 November. Satellite images detected ash plumes drifting 110 km SE during 8 and 10-11 November. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 November-10 November 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 30 October-6 November. Satellite images showed ash plumes drifting 40 km NE on 2 November and 96 km SE on 4 November at an altitude of 2.5 km (8,000 ft) a.s.l. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 October-3 November 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 23-30 October. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 23-24 and 28 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 October-27 October 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 16-23 October. Satellite images showed ash plumes drifting 100 km SE during 19-20 and 22 October, and a thermal anomaly over the volcano on 20 and 22 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 October-20 October 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 9-16 October. Satellite images showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano on 11 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 October-13 October 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 2-9 October. Satellite images showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano on 4 and 8 October, and an ash plume that drifted 50 km SE on 8 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 September-6 October 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 25 September-2 October. Cloud cover prevented satellite views. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 September-29 September 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 18-25 September. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 18 and 24 September, and an ash plume that drifted 10 km NE on 20 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 September-22 September 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 11-18 September. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 14-18 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 September-15 September 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 4-11 September. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 10 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 September-8 September 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 28 August-4 September. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 2 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 August-1 September 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 21-28 August. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 21 and 24-25 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 August-25 August 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 14-21 August. Satellite images detected ash plumes drifting 54 km SE on 15 August, and a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 15 and 18-20 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 August-18 August 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 7-14 August. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on 6 August and ash plumes that drifted 25 km SW on 8 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 August-11 August 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 31 July-7 August. On 2 and 6 August satellite images detected a thermal anomaly and ash plumes that drifted 40 km N and W. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 July-4 August 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity at Karymsky continued during 24-31 July. Satellite images detected a daily thermal anomaly, as well as ash plumes that drifted 65 km E and NW during 25 and 27-30 July. Helicopter pilots observed explosions on 28 July; ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted N. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 July-28 July 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate activity at Karymsky likely continued during 17-24 July. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on 17 July as well as an ash cloud (8 km long and 5 km wide) that drifted 113 km E. Volcanologists observed multiple explosions during 21-22 July; ash plumes that rose as high as 2 km a.s.l. and drifted SE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 July-21 July 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that explosive activity at Karymsky likely continued during 3-10 July; a thermal anomaly over the volcano was visible in satellite images on 6 July. Weather clouds obscured views of the volcano on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 July-14 July 2015 Cite this Report

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 July-7 July 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that explosive activity at Karymsky likely continued during 26 June-3 July; a small ash cloud above the volcano was visible in satellite images on 1 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 June-30 June 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that explosive activity at Karymsky likely continued during 19-26 June; weather clouds obscured views of the volcano. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 June-23 June 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that explosive activity at Karymsky likely continued during 12-19 June; weather clouds obscured views of the volcano. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 June-16 June 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that explosive activity at Karymsky likely continued during 5-12 June. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly during 6 and 8-10 June, and ash clouds that drifted as far as 50 km SE during 8-9 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 June-9 June 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate activity at Karymsky likely continued during 29 May-5 June. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on 30 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 May-2 June 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate activity at Karymsky likely continued during 22-29 May. Satellite images detected an ash plume drifting 45 km SE on 23 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 May-26 May 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate activity at Karymsky likely continued during 15-22 May. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly during 15-16 May and an ash plume drifting 27 km W on 16 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 May-19 May 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate activity at Karymsky likely continued during 8-15 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 May-12 May 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate activity at Karymsky during 1-8 May. Satellite images showed a weak thermal anomaly over the volcano during 4-6 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 April-5 May 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate activity at Karymsky during 17 April-1 May. Satellite images showed ash plumes drifting about 140 km NE on 27 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 April-28 April 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate activity at Karymsky during 17-24 April. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 16-17 and 23 April, and ash plumes drifting 35 km SE on 23 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 April-21 April 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate activity at Karymsky during 10-17 April, although satellite images showed no activity. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 April-14 April 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 3-10 April moderate activity at Karymsky continued. Satellite images detected ash plumes drifting 85 km SE on 3 April, and a thermal anomaly over the volcano on 9 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 April-7 April 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 27 March-3 April moderate activity at Karymsky continued. Satellite images detected ash plumes drifting 150 km NE and SW during 27 and 29-30 March, and a thermal anomaly over the volcano on 29 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 March-31 March 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 20-27 March moderate activity at Karymsky continued. Satellite images detected ash plumes drifting 154 km E during 22 and 24-25 March, and a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 24-26 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 March-24 March 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 13-20 March moderate activity at Karymsky probably continued. Cloud-free satellite images showed no activity. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 March-17 March 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 6-13 March moderate activity at Karymsky continued. Satellite images showed ash deposits extending in different directions and a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 7 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 March-10 March 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 27 February-6 March moderate seismicity at Karymsky was detected. Satellite images showed ash plumes drifting 215 km ENE on 27 February, and ash deposits extending 10-15 km E and SE on 1 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 February-3 March 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 20-27 February moderate seismicity at Karymsky was detected. Satellite images showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano on 21 and 24 February, and ash plumes drifting 254 km ENE on 23 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 February-24 February 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismicity at Karymsky was detected during 13-20 February. Satellite images showed that the volcano was quiet or obscured by clouds. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 February-17 February 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 6-13 February a moderate explosive eruption at Karymsky continued. Satellite images showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano on 6 February; weather prevented views of the volcano on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 February-10 February 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 30 January-6 February a moderate explosive eruption at Karymsky continued. Satellite images showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 30-31 January, and ash plumes that rose 2.5-3 km (8,200-9,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 85 km E on 31 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 January-3 February 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 23-30 January a moderate explosive eruption at Karymsky continued. Satellite images showed a daily thermal anomaly over the volcano, and ash plumes that rose 3.5-4 km above the crater and drifted 160 km E and N during 21-23 and 27 January.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 January-27 January 2015 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 16-23 January a moderate eruption at Karymsky continued. Satellite images showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 18-22 January, and ash plumes that drifted 65 km E at an altitude of 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. during 19-22 January.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 January-20 January 2015 Cite this Report

On 19 January KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was elevated. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly and an ash plume drifting ESE. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 October-7 October 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a four-minute long explosion from Karymsky was detected by the seismic network beginning at 1115 on 4 October. Pilots observed an ash plume that rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 September-16 September 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate-to-weak seismic activity continued at Karymsky and maintained Yellow Alert during the week of 12 September. On 10 September satellite data showed an ash plume at that extended about 100 km SE. The volcano was quiet or obscured by clouds on the other days of week.

According to the Tokyo VAAC, ash plumes were detected by satellite images during 10 and 16 September. Plume heights were 2,100-3,000 m (7,000-10,000 ft) a.s.l..

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

3 September-9 September 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate-to-weak seismic activity continued at Karymsky and maintained Yellow Alert during the week of 5 September. On 3 September satellite data showed an ash plume at 4,000 m (13,100 ft) a.s.l. that extended about 9 km WSW. The volcano was quiet or obscured by clouds on the other days of week.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 July-29 July 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported weak to moderate seismic activity at Karymsky, indicating that Strombolian activity continued during 19-25 July. Satellite views were obscured by clouds or the imagery showed no activity. On 24 July the Aviation Color Code was lowered to Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 July-22 July 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported weak to moderate seismic activity indicating that Strombolian activity continued at Karymsky during 11-18 July. Satellite views were obscured by clouds or the imagery showed no activity. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 July-15 July 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Strombolian activity continued at Karymsky during 3-10 July. Satellite views were obscured by clouds or the imagery showed no activity. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 June-1 July 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Strombolian and weak Vulcanian activity continued at Karymsky during 20-26 June. Satellite images detected no activity or were obscured by clouds. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 June-24 June 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Strombolian and weak Vulcanian activity continued at Karymsky during 14-19 June. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on 13 and 16 June; clouds obscured the volcano on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 June-17 June 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Strombolian and weak Vulcanian activity continued at Karymsky during 6-13 June. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on 11 June; clouds obscured the volcano on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 June-10 June 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Strombolian and weak Vulcanian activity continued at Karymsky during 30 May-6 June. Satellite images detected no activity or were obscured by clouds. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 May-3 June 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Strombolian and weak Vulcanian activity continued at Karymsky during 23-30 May. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly over the volcano on 25 and 27 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 May-27 May 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Strombolian and weak Vulcanian activity continued at Karymsky during 16-23 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 May-20 May 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Strombolian and weak Vulcanian activity continued at Karymsky during 9-16 May. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 14 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 May-13 May 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity continued at Karymsky during 2-8 May. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on the volcano every day except during 3-4 May, days cloud cover obscure views. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 April-6 May 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity continued at Karymsky during 25 April-2 May. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 27 and 30 April and 1 May; cloud cover obscure views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 April-29 April 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity continued at Karymsky during 17-25 April. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 19 and 22; cloud cover obscured views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 April-22 April 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity continued at Karymsky during 11-17 April. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 15-17; cloud cover obscure views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 April-15 April 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity continued at Karymsky during 4-11 April. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on the volcano daily. Ash plumes drifted 100 km E on 4 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 April-8 April 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that volcanologists observed Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky during 28 March-4 April. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on the volcano daily. Ash plumes rose to altitudes of 1-2.5 km (3,300-8,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 100 km SW and SE during 27-28 and 31 March, and 1-2 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 March-1 April 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 21-28 March. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on the volcano daily. Ash plumes rose to altitudes of 1.5-2 km (3,300-6,600 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 180 km SW and SE during 20, 24, and 27 March. On 28 March ash plumes rose to altitudes of 2-2.5 km (6,600-8,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 100 km ESE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 March-25 March 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 14-21 March. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on the volcano daily. Ash plumes rose to altitudes of 1.5-2 km (3,300-6,600 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 70-150 km SE during 16-18 and 21 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 March-18 March 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 7-14 March. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on the volcano daily. Ash plumes rose to altitudes of 1.5-2 km (3,300-6,600 ft) a.s.l., and drifted 120 km SW on 12 March and 300 km SE on 13 March. Satellite images detected an ash plume that rose to altitudes of 1.5-2 km (3,300-6,600 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 100 km SE on 17 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 March-11 March 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 28 February-7 March. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on the volcano daily, and an ash plume that rose to altitudes of 1.5-2 km (3,300-6,600 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 55 km NE on 28 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 February-4 March 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 21-28 February. Satellite images detected a daily thermal anomaly on the volcano, and an ash plume that rose to an altitude of 1.5-2 km (3,300-6,600 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 55 km NE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 February-25 February 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 14-21 February. Satellite images detected a daily thermal anomaly on the volcano. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 February-18 February 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 7-14 February. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 12 February; cloud cover obscured views of the volcano on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 February-11 February 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 31 January-7 February. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on 1 February; cloud cover obscured views of the volcano on the other days. Ash plumes drifted 80 km E during 1-2 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 January-4 February 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 24-31 January. Satellite images detected a daily bright thermal anomaly on the volcano. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 January-28 January 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 17-24 January. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on the volcano daily, and ash plumes that drifted 110 km E. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 January-21 January 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 10-17 January. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on the volcano daily. On 19 January satellite images showed an ash plume that rose to altitudes of 3-3.5 km (8,200-9,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 40 km SSE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 January-14 January 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 3-10 January. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on the volcano daily, and an ash plume that drifted 10 km SSE on 8 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 January-7 January 2014 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 27 December 2013-2 January 2014. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on the volcano daily, and an ash plume that rose as high as 2 km and drifted 120 km SE on 1 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 December-31 December 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 20-27 December. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on the volcano daily. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 December-24 December 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 13-20 December. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on the volcano daily, and gas-and-steam plumes that drifted 30 km SW on 18 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 December-17 December 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 6-13 December, and Vulcanian and Strombolian activity continued. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on the volcano daily, and ash plumes that drifted 150 km E and SE during 6-7 and 10 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 December-10 December 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 29 November-6 December. Vulcanian and Strombolian activity was observed during 2-3 December. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on the volcano daily. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 November-3 December 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 22-29 November. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on the volcano during 25-26 November, possibly indicating Vulcanian and Strombolian activity. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 November-26 November 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 15-22 November. Satellite images detected a daily thermal anomaly on the volcano during 15-19 November, possibly indicating weak Vulcanian and Strombolian activity. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 November-19 November 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 8-15 November. Satellite images detected a daily thermal anomaly on the volcano, possibly indicating weak Vulcanian and Strombolian activity. Ash plumes drifted 140 km SE and E during 9-10 November. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 November-12 November 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 1-8 November. Satellite images detected a daily bright thermal anomaly on the volcano, possibly indicating weak Vulcanian and Strombolian activity. Ash plumes drifted 184 km SE and E during 2-3 and 5-6 November. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 October-5 November 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 24-31 October. During this time period, satellite images also detected a daily bright thermal anomaly on the volcano. Ash plumes drifted 65 km SE and W during 24-26 and 29-30 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 October-29 October 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 18-25 October. Satellite images detected a daily bright thermal anomaly on the volcano possibly indicating weak Vulcanian and Strombolian activity. Ash plumes drifted 170 km SE on 20 and 22 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 October-22 October 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 11-18 October. Satellite images showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 11 and 16 October, and an ash plume drifting 18 km SE on 12 October. The thermal anomalies and short ash plume possibly indicated Strombolian and weak Vulcanian activity. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 September-24 September 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 13-20 September, and weak ash explosions likely occurred. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 September-17 September 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 6-13 September. Weak ash explosions likely occurred. Satellite images showed an ash plume drifting 20 km E on 7 September, and a weak thermal anomaly over the volcano during 6 and 10-11 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 September-10 September 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 30 August-6 September. Weak ash explosions likely occurred. Satellite images detected no activity or were obscured by clouds. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 August-3 September 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 23-30 August. Based on seismic interpretation, possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a weak thermal anomaly on the volcano during 26-27 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 August-27 August 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 16-23 August. Based on seismic interpretation by Kamchatka Branch of Geophysical Services (KBGS; Russian Academy of Sciences), possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. on 19 August and to an altitude of 2 km (6,600 ft) a.s.l. the other days of the week. Satellite imagery showed a weak thermal anomaly on the volcano on 17, 20, and 22 August. On 22 August a pilot observed an ash plume near the volcano; that same day an ash plume was visible in satellite images drifting 30 km ESE at altitudes of 1-1.5 km (3,300-4,900 ft) a.s.l. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 August-20 August 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 9-17 August. Based on seismic interpretation, possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 6 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. on 15 August and to an altitude of 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. the other days of the week. Satellite imagery showed a weak thermal anomaly on the volcano on 15 August; cloud cover prevented observations on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 July-6 August 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that technical problems prevented seismic data collection at Karymsky during 26 July-2 August. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was detected in satellite images during 29-31 July and 1 August; weather conditions prevented views on the other days.

On 6 August at 1035 a plume was observed by helicopter pilots (and confirmed by volcanologists at Tolbachik) rising 6 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifting 30 km E. An explosion at 1145 generated an ash cloud observed in satellite images that rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,100 ft) and drifted 45 km ESE. The ash cloud was 9 x 14 km. Ash plumes that were observed in satellite images at 1332 and 1512 rose to altitudes of 4.2 km (13,800 ft) and drifted 30 km ESE, and 4 km (13,100 ft) and drifted 80 km ESE, respectively. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 June-25 June 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that technical problems prevented seismic data collection at Karymsky during 14-21 June. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was detected in satellite images during 17-18 June; weather conditions prevented views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 June-18 June 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that technical problems prevented seismic data collection at Karymsky during 7-14 June. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was detected in satellite images during 8 and 12-13 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 June-11 June 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that technical problems prevented seismic data collection at Karymsky during 31 May-7 June. Satellite data detected a thermal anomaly during 1-3 and 5 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 May-4 June 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that weak seismic activity was detected at Karymsky during 25-26 May; technical problems prevented seismic data collection on the other days during 24-31 May. Satellite data showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 25 and 28 May, during periods of clearer weather conditions. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 May-28 May 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that satellite data showed a thermal anomaly on Karymsky during 21-22 May. Technical problems prevented seismic data collection during 17-24 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 May-7 May 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that satellite data showed a thermal anomaly on Karymsky on 26 April. Two streaks of ash deposits near the volcano were observed during 1-2 May: about 15 km to the W and about 30 km to the NW of the volcano. Technical problems prevented seismic data collection during 26 April-3 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 April-9 April 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that satellite data showed a thermal anomaly on Karymsky on 1 and 3 April. Technical problems prevented seismic data collection. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 March-26 March 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that weak-to-moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 15-22 March. Satellite data showed a weak thermal anomaly on the volcano on 18 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 March-19 March 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that weak-to-moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 8-15 March. Satellite data showed that the volcano was quiet. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 March-12 March 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 28 February-7 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 February-5 March 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 22 February-1 March. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 21 and 25-28 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 February-26 February 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 15-22 February. Possible ash explosions during 14, 16, and 19-20 February produced ash plumes that rose 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 14 and 18-20 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 February-19 February 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 8-15 February. Possible ash explosions on 11 February produced an ash plume that rose 3.2 km (10,500 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 12-13 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 February-12 February 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that weak seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 1-8 February. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 31 January and 1 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 January-5 February 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that weak seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 25 January-1 February. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 24-25 and 30 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from the Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 30 January an ash plume rose to an altitude of 2.7 km (9,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE. An ash plume was not detected in satellite imagery.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

23 January-29 January 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that weak-to-moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 18-25 January, indicating that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 20-23 January; cloud cover prevented observations on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 January-22 January 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 11-18 January, indicating that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 11 and 14 January; cloud cover prevented observations on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 January-15 January 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 4-11 January, indicating that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 5-6 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 January-8 January 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 28 December-4 January. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 28 and 30 December, as well as on 1 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 December-1 January 2013 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that weak-to-moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 21-28 December. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 26-27 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 December-25 December 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that weak-to-moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 14-21 December. Seismic data indicated that ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. during 13-15 December. Volcanologists observed weak gas-and-steam activity on 18 December. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 20 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 December-18 December 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that weak-to-moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 7-14 December. Seismic data indicated that ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. on 12 December. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 9 and 12-13 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 December-11 December 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that weak-to-moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 29 November-7 December. Seismic data indicated that ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. during 29-30 November. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 November-4 December 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 23-30 November. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 23 and 28 November; cloud cover obscured views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 November-27 November 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity at Karymsky was detected during 16-23 November. Satellite imagery showed a big thermal anomaly on 20 and 22 November; cloud cover obscured views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 November-20 November 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity continued at Karymsky during 9-16 November; seismicity indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 6 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery detected a daily thermal anomaly on the volcano, and ash plumes that drifted 40 km SE on 12 November. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 November-13 November 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity continued at Karymsky during 2-9 November. Satellite imagery detected a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 7-8 November. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange. Based on analyses of satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 10 November a possible eruption produced a plume that rose to an altitude of 5.5 km (18,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kathimerini News

31 October-6 November 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity from Karymsky during 26 October-2 November; seismicity indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 27 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 October-30 October 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity from Karymsky during 19-26 October, indicating possible ash explosions. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 20 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 October-23 October 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity from Karymsky during 12-19 October. Seismic data indicated that ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 6 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 14 October, and an ash plume drifted 64 km N the next day. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 October-16 October 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity from Karymsky during 5-12 October. Seismic data indicated that ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 6.5 km (21,300 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed an ash plume drifting 42 km SE on 6 October, and a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 7 and 11 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on analyses of satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 16 October a possible eruption produced a plume that rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted N. Ash was detected in a subsequent image.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 October-9 October 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity from Karymsky during 28 September-5 October. Seismic data indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 28 September and 2 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on and information from the Kamchatka Branch of the Geophysical Service (KGBS), the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 6 October ash plumes rose to altitudes of 6.1-6.7 km (20,000-22,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE. The plume altitudes were based on seismic data analyses.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 September-2 October 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity from Karymsky during 21-28 September. Seismic data indicated that ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 6 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 23-25 September, and ash clouds near the volcano during 24-25 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 September-25 September 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported weak-to-moderate seismic activity from Karymsky during 14-21 September. Seismic data indicated that ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 5.5 km (18,000 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 19 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 September-18 September 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported weak-to-moderate seismic activity from Karymsky during 7-14 September. Seismic data indicated that ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 7, 10, and 12 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 September-11 September 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported weak-to-moderate seismic activity from Karymsky during 31 August-7 September. Seismic data indicated that ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 31 August and 1 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 August-4 September 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported weak-to-moderate seismic activity from Karymsky during 24-31 August. Volcanologists working on the flank observed explosive activity; ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. on 25 August. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 23-24, 26, and 28 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 August-28 August 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity from Karymsky during 17-27 August, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 5.8 km (19,000 ft) a.s.l. on 25 August and to an altitude of 2.4 km (7,900 ft) a.s.l. on 27 August. Satellite imagery showed a daily thermal anomaly on the volcano. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 25 August an eruption produced a plume that rose to an altitude of 5.8 km (19,000 ft) a.s.l. The altitude was based on seismic analysis.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 August-21 August 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity from Karymsky during 10-20 August. Satellite imagery showed a weak thermal anomaly on the volcano during 10-13, 15, and 18-20 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 August-14 August 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity from Karymsky during 3-10 August. Satellite imagery showed a weak thermal anomaly on the volcano. A possible gas-and-ash explosion on 8 August may have produced a plume that rose to an altitude of 3.3 km (10,800 ft) a.s.l. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 August-7 August 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity from Karymsky during 27 July-3 August. Satellite imagery showed a weak thermal anomaly on the volcano on 31 July, and 2 and 6 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 July-31 July 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity from Karymsky during 20-27 July. Satellite imagery showed a weak thermal anomaly on the volcano on 22 and 25 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 July-24 July 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported mostly weak seismic activity from Karymsky during 13-23 July. Satellite imagery showed a weak thermal anomaly on the volcano during 13-19 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 July-17 July 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected during 6-16 July, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a weak thermal anomaly on the volcano on 12 and 14 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 July-10 July 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected during 29 June-10 July, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to altitudes of 2.1-3.3 km (6,900-10,800 ft) a.s.l. during 29 June-7 July. Satellite imagery showed a weak thermal anomaly on the volcano on 29 June and 1 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 June-3 July 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected during 22-29 June, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.6 km (11,800 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a weak thermal anomaly on the volcano on 22 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 June-26 June 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected during 15-22 June, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.6 km (11,800 ft) a.s.l. during 16-19 June. Satellite imagery showed a weak thermal anomaly on the volcano during 20-21 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 June-19 June 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected during 8-15 June, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. during 8-13 June. Meteorological cloud cover prevented satellite image views. Based on analysis of seismic data, KVERT reported that on 18 June possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 June-12 June 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected during 31 May-8 June, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.4 km (8,000 ft) a.s.l. on 31 May. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 3-4 and 6 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 May-5 June 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected during 25 May-1 June. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 25, 28, and 30-31 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 May-29 May 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected during 18-25 May, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.2 km (7,200 ft) a.s.l. on 17 and 19 May. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 17-18, 20, 22, and 24 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from the Yelizovo Airport (UHPP) and analyses of satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 27 May an ash plume drifted NE at an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 May-22 May 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected during 11-18 May, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 1.8 km (6,000 ft) a.s.l. on 10 and 14 May. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 10-13 and 16 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 May-15 May 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected during 4-11 May, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2 km (6,600 ft) a.s.l. during 7-8 May. Satellite imagery showed a daily thermal anomaly on the volcano. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 May-8 May 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected during 27 April-4 May, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.3 km (7,600 ft) a.s.l. during 26-27 April and 2 May. Satellite imagery showed a gas-and-steam plume drifting 65 km SE on 27 April; a thermal anomaly was present during 27, 29, and 30 April and 2-3 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 April-1 May 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected during 20-27 April, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. during 20 and 24-25 April. Satellite imagery showed a daily thermal anomaly on the volcano. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 April-24 April 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected during 13-20 April. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 15-19 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 April-17 April 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 7-13 April moderate seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 7 and 9-10 April, and ash deposits 15 km long on the E flank on 11 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 April-10 April 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 30 March-6 April moderate seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 29 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 March-3 April 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 23-30 March seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. during 22-26 March. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano almost daily. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 March-27 March 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 16-23 March seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. during 17 and 20-21 March. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 15 and 17 March; cloud cover prevented observations on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 March-20 March 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 9-16 March seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.1 km (10,100 ft) a.s.l. on 14 March. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 10-13 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 March-13 March 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 2-9 March seismic activity from Karymsky continued to be detected and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.4 km (11,000 ft) a.s.l. on 3 March. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 2 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 February-6 March 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 24 February-2 March, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.9 km (12,800 ft) a.s.l. during 23-27 February. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 25 February; clouds obscured views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 February-28 February 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 17-24 February, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly at the volcano during 16-21 February and an ash plume that drifted 15 km E on 21 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 February-21 February 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 10-17 February and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.6 km (15,000 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly at the volcano all week. According to visual observations from Koryaksky volcano, gas-and-steam activity occurred at Karymsky on 12 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 February-14 February 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 3-10 February and indicated that ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 4.1 km (13,500 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly at the volcano all week and an ash cloud 3 km long by 7 km wide that drifted 10 km SE on 6 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 February-7 February 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 27 January-3 February and indicated that ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 2.6 km (8,530 ft) a.s.l. during 28 and 30-31 January. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly at the volcano all week and gas-and-steam plumes containing ash that were drifting as far as 80 km E during 30-31 January and on 1 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 January-31 January 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 19-27 January and indicated that ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 3 km (9,840 ft) a.s.l. during 19-21 and on 25 January. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly at the volcano during 21-24 January and gas-and-steam plumes containing ash that were drifting as far as 70 km NW on 23 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 January-24 January 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 13-20 January and that seismicity indicated the possibility of ash plumes to an altitude of 3.3 km (10,800 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly at the volcano during 14-15 January; clouds prevented views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 January-17 January 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 6-13 January and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.2 km (13,800 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly at the volcano during 5-11 January and weak ash plumes that drifted 40 km E and NE on 6, 7, and 11 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 January-10 January 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 30 December-6 January and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano all week. An ash cloud 10 km long and 2 km wide drifted 56 km SSE on 1 January. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 December-3 January 2012 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 23-30 December and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly at the volcano during 22-24 and 27-28 December; clouds prevented views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 December-27 December 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 16-23 December and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.1 km (13,500 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 21 December and a gas-and-steam plume with possible ash that drifted 40 km S on 20 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KEMSD and satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 26 December an eruption produced a plume that rose to an altitude of 5.2 km (17,000 ft) a.s.l. The altitude was based on seismic analysis.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

14 December-20 December 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 9-16 December and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.1 km (13,500 ft) a.s.l. during 8-10 and 14 December. Satellite imagery showed a daily thermal anomaly and ash plumes that drifted 160 km SE during 12-13 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 December-13 December 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 2-9 December and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.6 km (11,800 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a daily thermal anomaly and ash plumes that drifted 90 km E on 3, 7, and 8 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange. Based on information from KVERT, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 13 December an ash plume rose to an altitude of 3.0 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

30 November-6 December 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 25 November-2 December and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.8 km (12,500 ft) a.s.l. during the week. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 28-30 November and 1 December. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 November-29 November 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 18-25 November and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.8 km (9,200 ft) a.s.l. during 19-22 November. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 18, 20, and 24 November. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 November-22 November 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 11-18 November, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.9 km (12,800 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed ash plumes that drifted 172 km E on 11 November and a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 11-12 November. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 November-15 November 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 4-11 November, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed either no activity, possibly due to cloud cover. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 November-8 November 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 28 October-4 November, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. during 27-30 October and 1-2 November. Satellite imagery showed ash plumes drifting 130 km SE during 29-30 October and a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 29-31 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 October-1 November 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 21-28 October, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.7 km (12,100 ft) a.s.l. during 20 and 23-24 October. Satellite imagery showed a daily thermal anomaly on the volcano and an ash plume that rose to an altitude of 1.8 km (6,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 15 km NE on 26 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

19 October-25 October 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 14-21 October, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.3 km (10,800 ft) a.s.l. during 13-15 October and to lesser altitudes the other days of the week. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 14 and 16 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 October-18 October 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 7-14 October and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.2 km (7,200 ft) a.s.l. Ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 3.8 km (12,500 ft) a.s.l. on 7 October. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 6 and 8 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 October-11 October 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 30 September-7 October and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.2 km (10,500 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 4-5 October. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 September-4 October 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 23-30 September and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 24 September and ash plumes that drifted 80 km SE during 28-29 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 September-27 September 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 16-23 September and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to altitudes of 5-6 km (16,400-19,700 ft) a.s.l. during 16-17 September. A thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery during 16, 18, and 20 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 September-20 September 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity continued at a moderate level at Karymsky during 9-15 September, and indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.6 km (15,100 ft) a.s.l. during 13-14 September. An observer in the area noted that ash explosions produced ash plumes all week that did not rise higher than 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was detected daily in satellite imagery and ash plumes drifted 80 km E and SE during 11-12 and 14 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 20 September an ash plume rose to an altitude of 2.7 km (9,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted NE.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

7 September-13 September 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 2-9 September moderate seismic activity continued at Karymsky, indicating that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly on the volcano was detected daily in satellite imagery. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 August-6 September 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 26 August-1 September moderate seismic activity continued at Karymsky, indicating that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. Gas-and-steam plumes containing ash drifted 40 km E on 26 and 29 August. A thermal anomaly on the volcano was detected by satellite during 26 and 29-30 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 2 September an ash plume rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted NE. Ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l. during 5-6 September and drifted SE and SW.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

24 August-30 August 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 19-26 August moderate seismic activity continued at Karymsky, indicating that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 5.2 km (17,000 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly on the volcano was detected by satellite during 21-25 August. Gas-and-steam plumes containing ash drifted 18 and 65 km E on 18 and 24 August, respectively. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 29 August an ash plume rose to an altitude of 7.3 km (24,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

17 August-23 August 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 12-19 August moderate seismic activity continued at Karymsky, indicating that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.2 km (13,800 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly on the volcano was detected by satellite during 14 and 17-18 August; cloud cover prevented observations on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 August-16 August 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 5-12 August moderate seismic activity continued at Karymsky and possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly on the volcano was detected daily by satellite. During 7-8 August, pilots observed ash plumes that rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E. Satellite imagery also showed an ash cloud, 3 by 1.5 km in dimension, that was 10 km W of the volcano on 10 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 August-9 August 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 29 July-5 August moderate seismic activity continued at Karymsky and possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 5.5 km (18,000 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly on the volcano was detected by satellite during 30 July-3 August; cloud cover prevented observations on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 8 August an ash plume rose to an altitude of 4.3 km (14,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

27 July-2 August 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 22-29 July moderate seismic activity continued at Karymsky and possible ash plumes rose from the crater. A thermal anomaly on the volcano was detected by satellite during 22 and 24-27 July; cloud cover prevented observations on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 30 July an ash plume rose to an altitude of 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

20 July-26 July 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 15-22 July moderate seismic activity continued at Karymsky and possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,000 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly on the volcano was detected by satellite during 14, 16, and 18-21 July. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 July-19 July 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 8-15 July moderate seismic activity continued at Karymsky and possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,000 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly on the volcano was detected by satellite on 8, 11, and 14 July. An ash plume observed by pilots on 12 July drifted 20 km SW. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 July-12 July 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 1-8 July moderate seismic activity continued at Karymsky and possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 2 and 4-5 June, and ash plumes that drifted 14 km NW and 38 km N on 2 and 5 July, respectively. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 12 July an ash plume rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

29 June-5 July 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 24 June-1 July. A thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery on 25, 28, and 30 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 June-28 June 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 17-24 June and that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.9 km (12,800 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly on the volcano during 16-17 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 June-21 June 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 10-16 June and that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 5.5 km (18,000 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a weak thermal anomaly on the volcano during 10-14 June and an ash plume that drifted 90 km NE on 14 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 June-14 June 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 3-10 June and that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 6 km (15,100 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly during 3-4 June and an ash plume that drifted 254 km SE on 4 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 June-7 June 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 27 May-3 June. Seismic data indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.1 km (10,200 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery detected a thermal anomaly during 28-30 May and 1-2 June, and an ash plume that drifted 10 km SW on 30 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KVERT, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 4 June an ash plume rose to an altitude of 1.5 km (5,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 May-31 May 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 20-27 May. Possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 6.5 km (21,300 ft) a.s.l. on 21 May and to an altitude of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. on the other days. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly during 19-20, 22, and 24 May, and ash plumes that drifted 38 km SW on 22 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 May-24 May 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 13-20 May. Seismic data indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery during 16-17 and 19 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange. Based on information from KVERT, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 21 May an eruption produced a plume that rose to an altitude of 6.7 km (22,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

11 May-17 May 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 6-13 May. Possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 6 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. on 10 May and to an altitude of 4.2 km (13,800 ft) a.s.l. on the other days. Pilots reported that on 6 May ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly and ash plumes that drifted 340 km E during 6-7 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 May-10 May 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 29 April-6 May. Seismic data indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.9 km (16,000 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery during 1-4 May. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange. Based on analyses of satellite imagery and information from KVERT, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 7 May ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

27 April-3 May 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 22-29 April and a thermal anomaly that was detected daily in satellite imagery. Seismic data indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.4 km (11,200 ft) a.s.l. Visual observations showed that moderate explosive activity continued. During 22-23 April gas-and-steam plumes detected in satellite imagery drifted 38 km S. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 April-26 April 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 15-22 April. Seismic data indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery on 16, 18, and 21 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 April-19 April 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 8-15 April. Seismic data indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.7 km (15,400 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery during 7-10 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange. Based on information from the Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that ash plumes rose to altitudes of 5.5-11.9 km (18,000-39,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW on 18 April.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

6 April-12 April 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 1-7 April. Seismic data indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery on 2 and 4 April and ash-and-gas plumes drifted in multiple directions as far as 48 km during 1-2 and 4 April. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 March-5 April 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 25 March-1 April. Seismic data indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was detected daily in satellite imagery. Ash and gas-and-steam plumes drifted 55 km in multiple directions during 25, 27, and 29-30 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 March-29 March 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported moderate seismic activity at Karymsky during 18-25 March. Seismic data indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery during 19-24 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 March-22 March 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity was detected at Karymsky during 10-18 March. Seismic data during 10-16 March indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 5.8 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery during 11-14 and 16 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 March-15 March 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity was detected at Karymsky during 4-11 March. Seismic data during 3-5 March indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery during 7-9 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange. Based on information from the Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that an ash plume rose to an altitude of 7.3 km (24,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted N on 13 March.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

2 March-8 March 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity was detected at Karymsky during 25 February-4 March. Seismic data indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano on 25 February and 2 March. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 February-1 March 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity was detected at Karymsky during 18-25 February. Seismic data indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a daily thermal anomaly and ash plumes that drifted 38 km NE on 22 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 February-22 February 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity was detected at Karymsky during 11-18 February. Seismic data indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a daily thermal anomaly and ash plumes that drifted 30 km NE on 16 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 February-15 February 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity was detected at Karymsky during 4-11 February. Seismic data indicated that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a daily thermal anomaly and ash plumes that drifted 160 km E during 6-7 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 February-8 February 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity was detected at Karymsky during 28 January-4 February. Seismic data showed that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.7 km (15,400 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a daily thermal anomaly, and ash plumes were observed drifting 120 km E during 30-31 January and 1-2 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 January-1 February 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity was detected at Karymsky during 21-28 January. Seismic data showed that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.8 km (12,500 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was observed daily in satellite imagery, and ash plumes were observed drifting 65 km S and 100 km NE on 26 and 27 January, respectively. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from the Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that an ash plume rose to an altitude of 4.6 km (15,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted NE on 1 February.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

19 January-25 January 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity was detected at Karymsky during 14-21 January. Seismic data showed that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.6 km (15,100 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was observed in satellite imagery during 15 and 18-20 January, and an ash plume drifted 24 km SW on 20 January. Based on analyses of satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that eruptions during 24-25 January produced plumes that rose to altitudes of 3.4-4.6 km (11,000-15,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

12 January-18 January 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that moderate seismic activity was detected at Karymsky during 7-13 January. A thermal anomaly was observed in satellite imagery on 9 January; cloud cover obscured views on the other days. Seismic data showed that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.2 km (13,800 ft) a.s.l. during 10-12 January. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 January-11 January 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels on 1 and 5 January, suggesting that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.8 km (12,500 ft) a.s.l. Seismic activity did not exceed background levels on the other days during 31 December-7 January. A thermal anomaly was detected daily in satellite imagery. An ash plume drifting 140 km SE was also seen in imagery on 2 January. Based on a pilot observation, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 5 January an ash plume rose to an altitude of 4.6 km (15,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

29 December-4 January 2011 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 23-26 December and did not exceed background levels during 27-30 December. Seismic data suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.3 km (14,100 ft) a.s.l. Thermal anomalies were detected in satellite imagery during 23-24 December; cloud cover prevented views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Based on a Yelizovo Airport (UHPP) notification, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 31 December an ash plume rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

22 December-28 December 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was slightly above background levels during 16-19 December and did not exceed background levels during 20-24 December. Seismic data suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. Thermal anomalies were detected in satellite imagery during 18-21 December. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 December-21 December 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 10-17 December. Seismic data suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. Thermal anomalies were detected in satellite imagery during 12-13 and 15 December. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 December-14 December 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 3-10 December. Seismic data suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. during 4-7 December. Thermal anomalies were detected in satellite imagery on 3 and 6 December. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 December-7 December 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 26 November-3 December, suggesting that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 5.3 km (17,400 ft) a.s.l. during 25-26 and 30 November, and 1-2 December. Thermal anomalies were detected in satellite imagery on 26 and 27 November, and 1 December. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 November-30 November 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels during 19-26 November, suggesting that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 5.5 km (18,000 ft) a.s.l. during 20-24 November. On 20 November, volcanologists surveying the volcano by helicopter observed gas-and-steam activity and noted that the upper flanks were covered with ash. Satellite imagery showed a daily thermal anomaly over the volcano and a gas-and-steam plume drifting 15 km SE on 22 November. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 November-23 November 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels during 11-19 November, suggesting that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 5.2 km (17,100 ft) a.s.l. on 13 and 17 November. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 11-18 November. Ash clouds with dimensions as large as 23 x 10 km were detected in imagery 82 km NE on 16 November and 15 km NE on 17 November. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 November-16 November 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels during 9-10 November, suggesting that possible ash plumes rose to altitudes of 3.5-4.9 km (11,500-16,100 ft) a.s.l. Seismic activity was at background levels on the other days during 5-12 November. Satellite imagery showed a daily thermal anomaly over the volcano. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 November-9 November 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels during 29 October-5 November. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 30 October-1 November. Cloud cover prevented observations the other days. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 October-2 November 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels during 21-23 October and at background levels during 24-29 October. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 22-25 October and an ash plume that drifted 40 km E on 23 October. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 October-26 October 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels during 15-22 October, suggesting that possible ash plumes rose to altitudes of 2-4 km (6,600-13,100 ft) a.s.l. Volcanologists working at Karymsky observed Strombolian activity at night, along with ash plumes during 14-16 October that rose to altitudes of 2.5-3 km (8,200-10,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E. A thermal anomaly was seen in satellite imagery during 15-16 and 18-19 October. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 October-19 October 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels during 8-15 October, suggesting that possible ash plumes rose to altitudes of 2-3 km (6,600-9,800 ft) a.s.l. Volcanologists working at Karymsky observed Strombolian activity at night, along with ash plumes during 7-10 October that rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E. Satellite imagery showed ash plumes that drifted 35 km SE on 7 and 8 October and thermal anomalies on the volcano during 7-10, 12, and 14 October. Based on information from the Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 16 October an ash plume rose to an altitude of 2.7 km (9,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

6 October-12 October 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels during 1-8 October. The elevated seismicity suggested that ash explosions had occurred, and ash plumes rose to altitudes of 3 and 5.1 km (9,800-16,700 ft) a.s.l. on 3 and 4 October, respectively. Thermal anomalies were seen in satellite imagery during 4-5 October, and ash plumes drifted 33 km SE on 7 October. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 September-5 October 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity from Karymsky was at background levels during 22-24 September and above background levels during 25-29 September. The elevated seismicity suggested that ash explosions had occurred. Ash plumes rose to altitudes of 3-4.5 km (9,800-14,800 ft) a.s.l. during 25-27 September. Thermal anomalies were seen in satellite imagery on 23, 25, and 28 September, and ash plumes drifted 83 km SE on 28 September. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 September-28 September 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels during 16-20 September and suggested possible ash explosions. Seismicity was at background levels on 21 and 22 September. Cloud cover prevented satellite image views. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 September-21 September 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 10-17 September seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels, and suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.2 km (10,500 ft) a.s.l. on 15 September. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 10-11 and 14 September. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 September-14 September 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 3-10 September seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels and suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.2 km (10,500 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during the week. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 September-7 September 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 27 August-3 September seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels and suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.7 km (12,100 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during the week and an ash plume that drifted 23 km on 28 August. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 August-31 August 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 20-27 August seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels and suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.8 km (12,500 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 20 and 23-24 August. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 August-24 August 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 13-20 August seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels and suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 14-15 August and ash plumes that drifted 100 km E. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 August-17 August 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 6-13 August seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels and suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was detected in satellite imagery during 7-8 and 10-11 August. Based on analyses of satellite imagery and information from KVERT, the Tokyo VAAC reported an eruption on 16 August. A subsequent notice stated that ash had dissipated. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

4 August-10 August 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 30 July-6 August seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels and suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2 km (6,700 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was detected in satellite imagery during 29-30 July and 1-2 and 4 August. Imagery also showed ash plumes that drifted 17 km NE on 2 and 3 August. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 July-3 August 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 23-24 and 28 July seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels and suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2 km (6,700 ft) a.s.l. Seismic data were not available other days during 25-30 July due to technical problems. A daily thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery. Imagery also showed ash plumes that drifted 15 km SE on 26 July. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 July-27 July 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 16-23 July seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels and suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. A daily thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery. Imagery also showed ash plumes that drifted 58 km SW on 19 July and 85 km SE on 21 July. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 July-20 July 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that satellite imagery showed ash plumes from Karymsky drifting 30 km W and S on 7 and 8 July and a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 8-10 and 12 July. Seismic activity was above background levels during 12-14 July and suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.3 km (10,800 ft) a.s.l. Seismic data were not available other days during 9-16 July due to technical problems. Based on analyses of satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 19 July a possible eruption produced a plume that rose to an altitude of 1.5 km (5,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW. Ash was noted and then later dissipated. A possible eruption was reported the next day, and again a subsequent satellite image showed that ash had dissipated within a few hours. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 July-13 July 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 2-9 July seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels and suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2 km (6,500 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery on most days; cloud cover occasionally prevented views of the volcano. On 7 July ash plumes drifted 20 km S. Based on information from the Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 13 July an ash plume rose to an altitude of 2.7 km (9,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 June-6 July 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 25 June-2 July seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels and suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 7 km (23,000 ft) a.s.l. A strong thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery on 27 June; cloud cover prevented views of the volcano on other days. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 June-29 June 2010 Cite this Report

Based on analysis of satellite imagery, KVERT reported a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 17, 19-20, and 22-23 June. Small ash clouds 10 x 8 km and 12 x 5.5 km in dimension were seen E of the volcano on 17 and 23 June, respectively. Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an eruption on 29 June produced a plume that rose to an altitude of 7 km (23,000 ft) a.s.l. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

16 June-22 June 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 11-18 June seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels. Seismic data suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 5.2 km (17,000 ft) a.s.l. during 10-12 June and to an altitude of 3.9 km (12,800 ft) a.s.l. on 16 June. Satellite imagery analysis revealed ash plumes that drifted about 195 km E on 10 and 11 June and a thermal anomaly over the volcano on 11, 15, and 16 June. Small ash clouds drifted 22 km E on 17 June. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 June-15 June 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 4-11 June seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels, and suggested that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. on 6 June. Satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 4-5 and 8 June. Based on information from KVERT and Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), and analyses of satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 11 June an eruption produced an ash plume that rose to an altitude of 6.1 km (20,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted NE and SE. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 June-8 June 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 28 May-4 June seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels, suggesting that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery revealed a daily thermal anomaly over the volcano and ash plumes that drifted 30 km S on 1 June. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 May-1 June 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 21-28 May seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels, suggesting that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery revealed a daily thermal anomaly over the volcano, and ash plumes that drifted 63 km S and W during 24-26 May. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 May-25 May 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 14-21 May seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels, suggesting that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 13-17 and 19-20 May, and an ash plume that drifted 18 km NE on 17 May. Based on information from the Yelizovo Airport (UHPP) and KVERT, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 22 and 25 May ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.3 km (14,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW and W. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 May-18 May 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 7-14 May seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels, suggesting that possible ash plumes rose to altitudes of 2-4.6 km (6,600-15,100 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 8 and 11-13 May. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 May-11 May 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 30 April-7 May seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels, suggesting that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 28 April-2 May. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 April-4 May 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 23-30 April seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels, suggesting that possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. Volcanologists working in the area on 20 and 21 April saw gas-and-steam plumes containing some ash rise to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. At night, Strombolian activity was occasionally observed. Satellite imagery revealed a daily thermal anomaly over the volcano. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 April-27 April 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that on 16 and 23 April seismic activity from Karymsky was at background levels. During 17-22 April, seismicity was above background levels and a thermal anomaly was seen in satellite imagery. On 17 and 18 April, seismic data suggested that ash plumes rose to an altitude of 2 km (6,500 ft) a.s.l. Ash plumes were seen in satellite imagery drifting 40-130 km SE on 17 and 21 April. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 April-20 April 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity from Karymsky was above background on 11 and 13-15 April. Satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly from the volcano during 11-12 April. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 April-13 April 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity from Karymsky was above background on 2 and 3 April and at background levels during 4-9 April. Satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly from the volcano during 3-4 and 6 April. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 March-6 April 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 26 March-2 April seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels, possibly indicating ash plumes rising to an altitude of 4.1 km (13,500 ft) a.s.l. Satellite imagery revealed an intense daily thermal anomaly from the volcano, and ash plumes that drifted about 250 km generally E during 28-29 and 31 March. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 March-30 March 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity from Karymsky increased on 25 March. Two days later, an intense thermal anomaly over the volcano was seen in satellite imagery. During 28-29 March ash plumes were seen in the area of the volcano. The Aviation Color Code level was raised to Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 March-16 March 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 5-12 March seismic activity from Karymsky was slightly above background levels, possibly indicating weak ash explosions. A weak daily thermal anomaly was detected in satellite imagery. Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an eruption on 12 March produced a plume that rose to an altitude of 5.8 km (19,000 ft) a.s.l. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 February-2 March 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity from Karymsky was occasionally above background levels during 19-26 February, possibly indicating weak ash explosions. Analyses of satellite imagery revealed a weak thermal anomaly over the volcano on 22 and 24 February; cloud cover prevented observations on other days. The Aviation Color Code level was lowered to Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 February-23 February 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels during 11-14 February, possibly indicating weak ash explosions. Analyses of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during that time and also on 15 February. Seismic activity was at background levels during 15-19 February. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 February-16 February 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 5-12 February seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels and possibly indicated weak ash explosions. Analyses of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly over the volcano on 8 February; meteorological clouds prevented observations on other days. The Aviation Color Code level remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 February-9 February 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 29 January-5 February seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels and possibly indicated weak ash explosions. Analyses of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly over the volcano on 28 January and 1 February. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 January-2 February 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 22-29 January seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels and possibly indicated weak ash explosions. Analyses of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly over the volcano during 21-25 and 27 January. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 January-26 January 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 15-22 January seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels, possibly indicating that ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. Analyses of satellite imagery revealed a daily thermal anomaly over the volcano. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 January-19 January 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 8-15 January seismic activity from Karymsky was above background levels, possibly indicating that ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. Analyses of satellite imagery revealed an almost daily thermal anomaly over the volcano and ash plumes that drifted 113 km SE on 12 and 13 January. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 January-12 January 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was detected in satellite imagery during 30-31 December 2009, 1 January and 4-7 January 2010. Seismic activity was above background levels during 1-8 January. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 December-5 January 2010 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was detected in satellite imagery during 24-26 and 29-30 December. Gas-and-steam bursts were seen by volcanologists on 28 December. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 December-29 December 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 18-25 December a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was detected in satellite imagery. Seismic data were not available due to technical problems. Based on information from the Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 25 December an ash plume rose to an altitude of 6.7 km (22,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE. KVERT noted three linear areas of ash deposits 10 km SE of Karymsky. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 December-22 December 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 11-13 and 17 December a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was detected in satellite imagery. Seismic activity was above background levels on 12 and 13 December; data were not available during 11-21 December due to technical problems. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 December-15 December 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that analyses of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly from Karymsky during 3 and 6-7 December; ash deposits extended 45 km SE on 6 December. A new lava flow was seen on the S flank on 8 December. Seismic data were seldom available due to technical problems. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 December-8 December 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 27-30 November and 1 December; data were not available during 2-4 December due to technical problems. Analyses of satellite imagery revealed a daily thermal anomaly and ash plumes that drifted 165 km E during 29-30 November and 1-2 December. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 November-1 December 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels on 23 and 25 November; data were not available on the other days during 20-27 November due to technical reasons. Elevated seismicity possibly indicated that ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.8 km (12,500 ft) a.s.l. Analyses of satellite imagery revealed a daily thermal anomaly and ash plumes that drifted 120 km E on 23 and 25 November. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 November-24 November 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels on 12, 14, and 16 November; data were not available on the other days during 13-20 November due to technical reasons. Elevated seismicity possibly indicated that ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3 km (9,900 ft) a.s.l. Analyses of satellite imagery revealed a daily thermal anomaly and ash plumes that drifted 130 km E during 12-14 and 17 November. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange. Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 23 November an eruption produced a plume that rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

11 November-17 November 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 5-9 November, a possible indication that ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.7 km (12,100 ft) a.s.l. Analyses of satellite imagery during 5-12 November revealed almost daily thermal anomalies and ash plumes that drifted 190 km E during 8-12 November. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange. Based on information from the Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 14 November an ash plume rose to an altitude of 3.7 km (12,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

4 November-10 November 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 29-31 October; data was not collected during 1-4 November due to technical reasons. Seismic signals possibly indicated that ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.7 km (12,100 ft) a.s.l. on 31 October and 5 November. Analyses of satellite imagery during 29 October-5 November revealed almost daily thermal anomalies and intermittent ash plumes that drifted 180 km E. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange. Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that eruptions on 8 and 10 November produced plumes that rose to altitudes of 3-3.4 km (10,000-11,000 ft) a.s.l. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

28 October-3 November 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 23-27 and 30 October, a possible indication that ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.7 km (12,100 ft) a.s.l. No seismic data was available on 22 and 28 October. Analyses of satellite imagery revealed an ash plume that drifted 120 km E on 23 October, and a thermal anomaly during 23-26 and 29 October. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 October-27 October 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 16-23 October and possibly indicated that ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.9 km (12,800 ft) a.s.l. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange. Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that eruptions during 24-25 October produced plumes that rose to altitudes of 3.4-3.7 km (11,000-12,000 ft) a.s.l. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 October-20 October 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was elevated above background levels during 9-16 October and possibly indicated that ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.7 km (12,100 ft) a.s.l. On 12 October, volcanologists doing fieldwork saw an ash plume rise to an altitude of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange. Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 20 October eruptions produced plumes that rose to altitudes of 3-3.7 km (10,000-12,000 ft) a.s.l. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 October-13 October 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 2-9 October and possibly indicated weak ash explosions. On 7 October, field scientists saw an ash plume that rose to an altitude of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SSE. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange. Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 9 October an eruption produced a plume that rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

30 September-6 October 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was elevated above background levels during 25 September-2 October and possibly indicated weak ash explosions. Analyses of satellite imagery revealed a weak thermal anomaly over the lava dome on 28 September; cloud cover prevented observations on the other days. Scientists saw fumarolic activity during an overflight on 1 October. The Level of Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 September-29 September 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that on 17 and 22 September a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was detected in satellite imagery. During 19-23 September seismic activity was above background levels; analyses of the seismic data indicated that ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 2 km (6,600 ft) a.s.l. during 21-22 September, and to an altitude of 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. on 23 September. Scientists flying near Karymsky in a helicopter on 22 September saw ash plumes that rose to an altitude of 1.7 km (5,600 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E. The Level of Aviation Color Code was raised to Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 September-22 September 2009 Cite this Report

On 22 September, KVERT raised the Level of Aviation Color Code for Karymsky to Yellow because seismic activity increased. The seismic network likely detected ash bursts that possibly produced plumes that rose to altitudes less than 2 km (6,600 ft) a.s.l.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 August-1 September 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was slightly above background levels on 20 and 21 August and at background levels during 22-31 August. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a small thermal anomaly over the volcano on 21 August. The Level of Concern Color Code was lowered to Green on 31 August.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 June-23 June 2009 Cite this Report

Satellite data reported by KVERT indicated a weak thermal anomaly over the volcano on 4-6 and 13-14 June. Gas-and-steam plumes extended 30 km SE on 4 June. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 June-9 June 2009 Cite this Report

Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 6 June an eruption from Karymsky produced a plume that rose to an altitude of 3.4 km (11,000 ft) a.s.l. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery.

Source: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

29 April-5 May 2009 Cite this Report

Based on analysis of satellite imagery, KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was noted on 26 April. The Level of Concern Color Code was lowered to Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 April-28 April 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that fumarolic activity from Karymsky was seen by volcanologists during 17-24 April. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly on the volcano on 17 April. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 April-21 April 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was not analyzed during 9-17 April due to technical reasons. Cloud cover prevented observations on the other days. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 April-14 April 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels on 2 and 3 April and at background levels on 4 April; no data was collected during 5-10 April due to technical reasons. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a weak thermal anomaly on the volcano on 5 April. Fumarolic activity was seen by volcanologists on 9 April. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 April-7 April 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 27 March-3 April. A thermal anomaly on the volcano was seen in satellite imagery on 31 March. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 March-31 March 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was elevated during 19-22 March and at background levels during 23-24 March. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash plumes likely rose to an altitude of 2 km (6,600 ft) a.s.l. On 26 March, ash deposits extending 30 km S of the volcano were seen on satellite imagery. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 March-24 March 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels on 12 and 18 March; no data was collected during 13-17 March due to technical reasons. According to reports from Yelizovo Airport, pilots saw an ash plume that rose to an altitude of 3.9 km (12,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E on 12 March. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly on the lava dome during 12-14 and 16-17 March, and ash plumes that drifted 200 km in easterly directions during 12-13 and 16-17 March. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from the Yelizovo Airport, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 19 March an ash plume rose to an altitude of 4.6 km (15,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

11 March-17 March 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was at background levels during 6-13 March. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash plumes likely rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly on the lava dome during 6-12 March, and ash plumes that drifted in multiple directions during the reporting period. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KVERT and pilot observations, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 13 March an ash plume rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

4 March-10 March 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was at background levels during 27 February-6 March. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash plumes likely rose to an altitude of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly on the lava dome during 27-28 February and 1-4 March, and an ash plume that drifted 120 km SE on 4 March. Ash deposits on the volcano were noted. On 3 March, pilots reported an ash plume that rose to an altitude of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KEMSD and analysis of satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an eruption on 6 March produced a plume that rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

25 February-3 March 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was at background levels during 21-28 February. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash plumes likely rose to an altitude of 3.7 km (12,100 ft) a.s.l. On 24 February, pilots reported a dark plume near the volcano that rose to altitudes of 2.1 km (6,900 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly on the lava dome during 21 and 24-25 February, and an ash plume that drifted 150 km NE on 21 February. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KEMSD and analysis of satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that eruptions on 28 and 29 February produced plumes that rose to altitudes of 3-3.4 km (10,000-11,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W. On 3 March, an ash plume reported by the Yelizovo Airport (UHPP) rose to an altitude of 3.7 km (12,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

18 February-24 February 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 13-20 January seismic data from Karymsky was unavailable and clouds prevented satellite image observations. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange. Based on information from KEMSD and observations of satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that during 21-22 February eruptions produced plumes that rose to altitudes of 3-4.3 km (10,000-14,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

11 February-17 February 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 6-9 February and at background levels during 10-13 February. Ash explosions produced plumes that rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. Clouds prevented satellite observations. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 February-10 February 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 1-4 February and at background levels on the other days during 30 January-6 February. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a weak thermal anomaly in the crater on 30 January; clouds prohibited views during the rest of the reporting period. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 January-3 February 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was at background levels during 23-30 January. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a weak thermal anomaly in the crater on 23 and 24 January; clouds prevented observations on other days. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KVERT and KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that during 2-3 February eruptions produced plumes that rose to altitudes of 3.4-3.7 km (11,000-12,000 ft) a.s.l. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

21 January-27 January 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels on 15 January and at background levels during 16-23 January. Weak ash-and-gas explosions possibly occurred on 15 January. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater during 18-19 and 21 January. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 January-20 January 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 10-14 January seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels and ash-and-gas explosions possibly occurred; seismic activity was not evaluated on 8 and 9 January due to technical issues. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater during 8-12 and 14-15 January. Gas-and-steam plumes drifted 25 km SE and NE on 8 and 12 January.

Based on analysis of satellite imagery and information from the Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 16 January an ash plume rose to an altitude of 3.7 km (12,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

7 January-13 January 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 2-9 January seismic activity from Karymsky was not evaluated due to technical issues. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater on 7 January; clouds prevented observations on the other days. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 December-6 January 2009 Cite this Report

KVERT reported during 26 December-2 January seismic activity from Karymsky was not evaluated due to technical issues. Clouds prevented satellite observations of the volcano. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 December-30 December 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that on 18 and 20 December seismic activity at Karymsky was at background levels; possible explosions may have generated ash-and-gas plumes to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. on 18 December. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater during 21-26 December and ash plumes that drifted 80 km E during 21-23 December. Ash deposits 26 km long to the SE and 9 km long to the NE were noted on 21 December. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 December-23 December 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 12-19 December seismic activity at Karymsky was at background levels; possible explosions may have generated ash-and-gas plumes to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater during 12-14 and 17 December and an ash plume that drifted 240 km SE on 16 December. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 December-16 December 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that during 5 and 9-10 December seismic activity at Karymsky was at background levels; possible explosions may have generated ash-and-gas plumes to an altitude of 2.8 km (9,200 ft) a.s.l. Volcanologists occasionally saw ash plumes rise to altitudes of 2 km (6,600 ft) a.s.l. and drift E. Ash deposits on the E flank were more than 5 km long. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater on 8 December and an ash plume that drifted ESE. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 December-9 December 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was at background levels during 27-30 November; possible explosions may have generated ash-and-gas plumes to an altitude of 3.7 km (12,100 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater during 27-29 November and 1 December. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 November-2 December 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was at background levels during 21-23 and 26-28 November. Seismicity increased above background levels on 24 and 25 November; possible explosions may have generated ash plumes to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. during 23-25 November. During an overflight, scientists observed gas-and-steam plumes that rose to altitudes of 2-2.4 km (6,600-7,900 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater during 20, 22, and 24-26 November. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 November-25 November 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky increased above background levels during 13-17 November; possible explosions may have generated ash plumes to an altitude of 3.3 km (10,800 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater during 13-16 November and an ash plume that drifted 28 km E on 15 November. Clouds prevented observations on the other days during 14-21 November. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 November-18 November 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky increased above background levels during 11-12 November. On 10 November, ash plumes were seen on satellite imagery drifting 38 km E and 28 km ENE. During 10-11 November, possible explosions may have generated ash plumes to an altitude of 3.8 km (12,500 ft) a.s.l. Also during 10-11 November, analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater; clouds prevented observations on the other days. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on analysis of satellite imagery, information from the Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), and KEMSD notices, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an ash plume rose to an altitude of 2.7 km (9,000 ft) a.s.l. on 12 November. On 12 and 15 November, eruptions generated plumes that rose to an altitude of 3.4 km (11,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 November-11 November 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 31 October and 2-3 November and at background levels on the other days during 1-7 November. Possible explosions on 31 October, and 2 and 3 November may have generated ash plumes to an altitude of 3.8 km (12,500 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater on 31 October, and 2 and 6 November; clouds prevented observations on the other days. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on analysis of satellite imagery and information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an eruption generated a plume to an altitude of 3.7 km (12,000 ft) a.s.l. on 11 November.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

29 October-4 November 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 24-27 October and at background levels during 28-31 October. Possible explosions may have generated ash plumes to an altitude of 2.8 km (9,200 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater on 23, 24, and 28 October; clouds prevented observations on the other days. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on analysis of satellite imagery and information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an eruption generated a plume to an altitude of 4 km (13,000 ft) a.s.l. on 2 November.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

22 October-28 October 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels on 17 and 20 October and at background levels on the other days during 18-24 October. Possible explosions may have generated ash plumes to an altitude of 3.2 km (10,500 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater on 17, 19, and 21 October; clouds prevented observations on the other days. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 October-21 October 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 10-17 October. Possible explosions may have generated ash plumes to an altitude of 3.1 km (10,200 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery on 13 October revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater and an ash plume about 5 km wide that drifted 32 km NNE. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 October-14 October 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 3-10 October. Possible explosions during 4-9 October may have generated ash plumes to an altitude of 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater during 3-4 and 8-9 October and cloudy conditions on the other days. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on analysis of satellite imagery and information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an eruption generated a plume to an altitude of 3.4 km (11,000 ft) a.s.l. on 11 October.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

1 October-7 October 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 26 September-3 October. Possible explosions during 25-27 September and 1-2 October may have generated ash plumes to an altitude of 3.3 km (10,800 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater on 29 September and cloudy conditions on the other days. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 September-30 September 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 19-26 September. Possible daily explosions may have generated ash plumes to an altitude of 3.8 km (12,500 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater on 18 and 23 September. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on analysis of satellite imagery and information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that eruptions generated plumes to altitudes of 3-3.4 km (10,000-11,000 ft) a.s.l. on 24 and 28 September.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

17 September-23 September 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 12-19 September. Possible daily explosions may have generated ash plumes to an altitude of 3.2 km (10,500 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed that ash plumes drifted more than 80 km SE on 15 and 16 September and a thermal anomaly was present in the crater during 13 and 15-17 September. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 September-16 September 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 5-12 September. Possible explosions may have generated ash plumes to an altitude of 3.2 km (10,500 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed ash plumes drifting SE on 6 September and a thermal anomaly in the crater during 6-7 September. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on analysis of satellite imagery, information from KVERT, and pilot reports, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 16 September an ash plume rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

3 September-9 September 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 29 August-5 September. Possible explosions may have generated ash plumes to an altitude of 3.8 km (12,500 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed ash plumes drifting SE on 29 August and a thermal anomaly in the crater during 29-31 August. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on analysis of satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 7 September an ash plume rose to an altitude of 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

27 August-2 September 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was at background levels during 21-23 August and above background levels during 24-27 August. Possible explosions may have generated ash plumes to an altitude of 3.2 km (10,500 ft) a.s.l. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater during 24 and 26-28 August and that an ash plumes drifted SE on 27 August. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on analysis of satellite imagery and information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 29 August and 2 September eruption plumes rose to an approximate altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

20 August-26 August 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was at typical levels during 14-15, 17, and 19-20 August. They also reported possible explosions during 14-15 and 17-20 August. Volcanic tremor was detected on 14 and 20 August. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 August-19 August 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was at background levels on 9 and 13 August and slightly above background levels on the other days during 8-15 August. Based on interpretations of seismic data, possible ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.1 km (10,200 ft) a.s.l. on 8, 10, 11, and 14 August. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater on 11 August; clouds inhibited views on other days. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on analysis of satellite imagery and information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 14 August an eruption plume rose to an altitude of 2.7 km (9,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 August-12 August 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 1-8 August and possibly indicated that explosions produced ash plumes to an altitude of 3.1 km (10,200 ft) a.s.l. Observations of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater on 2 August; clouds inhibited views on other days. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on observations of satellite imagery and information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 11 August an eruption plume rose to an altitude of 3.4 km (11,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 July-5 August 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 25 July-1 August and possibly indicated that explosions produced ash plumes to an altitude of 3.7 km (12,100 ft) a.s.l. According to area volcanologists and pilots, ash plumes rose to altitudes of 5-6 km (16,400-19,700 ft) a.s.l. on 25 July. Observations of satellite imagery revealed a daily thermal anomaly in the crater. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 July-29 July 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels on 18, 19, and 23 July and at background levels during 20-22 and 24-25. Explosive activity that produced ashfall was seen by area volcanologists. Interpretation of the seismic data suggested that on 19, 21, and 23 July possible ash-and-gas plumes rose to altitudes of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. Observations of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater during 19-21 July. The Level of Concern Color Code was raised to Orange.

Based on information from the Yelizovo Airport (UHPP), the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 25 July an ash plume rose to an altitude of 6.1 km (20,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted NE.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

25 June-1 July 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was at background levels during 20-27 June but may have indicated weak explosions daily. Observations of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater on 20 and 25 June. The Level of Concern Color Code was lowered to Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 June-24 June 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was at background levels during 13-20 June but may have indicated weak explosions daily. Observations of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater on 12 June; clouds obscured views on other days during the reporting period. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 June-17 June 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was slightly above background levels on 6 June and at background during 7-13 June. Gas-and-ash explosions that produced plumes to an altitude of 2.6 km (8,500 ft) a.s.l. may have occurred on 6 June. Observations of satellite imagery revealed thermal anomalies in the crater on 6, 7, and 11 June. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 June-10 June 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was slightly above background levels during 1-4 June and at background levels the other days during 30 May-6 June. Gas-and-ash explosions that produced plumes to an altitude of 2.3 km (7,500 ft) a.s.l. may have occurred during days of slightly elevated seismicity. Observations of satellite imagery revealed thermal anomalies in the crater during 1-4 June and a gas-and-steam plume that drifted 61 km SE on 2 June. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 May-3 June 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was slightly above background levels during 22, 25-26, and 28 May and at background levels the other days during 23-30 May. Gas-and-ash explosions that produced plumes to an altitude of 3.4 km (11,200 ft) a.s.l. may have occurred during days of slightly elevated seismicity. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 May-27 May 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was slightly above background levels on 15, 16, and 21 May and at background levels the other days during 16-23 May. Gas-and-ash explosions that produced plumes to an altitude of 3.4 km (11,200 ft) a.s.l. may have occurred during 15-16 and 21-22 May. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that on 16 and 20 May a thermal anomaly was present in the crater. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 May-20 May 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels on 11 and 12 May and at background levels the other days during 9-16 May. Gas-and-ash explosions that produced plumes to an altitude of 3.1 km (10,200 ft) a.s.l. may have occurred on 11 and 12 May. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that on 13 May a thermal anomaly was present in the crater and a steam plume drifted 7 km ESE. An ash plume at an altitude of 2 km (6,600 ft) a.s.l. was spotted on 15 May and drifted E. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on observations of sateliite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 20 May an eruption plume rose to an altitude of 3.4 km (11,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

7 May-13 May 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was slightly above background levels on 3 and 7 May and at background levels the other days during 2-9 May; gas-and-ash explosions may have occurred on 3 and 7 May. Based on pilot observations, an ash plume rose to an altitude of about 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. on 6 May. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KEMSD and KVERT, pilot reports, observations of satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that ash plumes rose to altitudes of 4.6 km (15,000 ft) a.s.l. and 3.4 km (11,000 ft) a.s.l. on 9 and 13 May, respectively.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

30 April-6 May 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was at background levels during 25 April-2 May. Possible activity was characterized by gas-and-ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 2-2.5 km (6,600-8,200 ft) a.s.l. Based on seismic interpretation, a gas-and-ash explosion may have occurred on 26 April. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a thermal anomaly was present in the crater on 25, 27, and 28 April. Based on airport data and information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an eruption plume rose to altitudes of 3.7 km (10,000-17,000 ft) a.s.l. during 6-7 May. Ash was not detected on satellite imagery. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 April-29 April 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 18-25 April. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a thermal anomaly was present in the crater on 18 and 21 April. Based on seismic interpretation, weak ash-and-gas explosions may have occurred on 20 and 21 April and produced plumes to altitudes of 2.6-3.4 km (8,500-11,200 ft) a.s.l. Volcanologists reported seeing ash plumes to an altitude of 2 km (6,700 ft) a.s.l. during 20-23 April. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 April-22 April 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 11-18 April. Based on seismic interpretation, weak ash-and-gas explosions or hot avalanches may have occurred daily during 10-14. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a thermal anomaly was present in the crater on 12 and 13 April. Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an eruption plume rose to an altitude of 3.7 km (12,000 ft) a.s.l. on 22 April. Ash was not detected on satellite imagery. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

9 April-15 April 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 4-11 April. Based on seismic interpretation, weak ash-and-gas explosions or hot avalanches may have occurred daily during the reporting period. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a thermal anomaly was present in the crater during 4-6 April and an ash plume drifted 70-80 km ESE on 8 April. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 April-8 April 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 28-29 March and slightly above background levels during 30 March-4 April. Pilots observed ash plumes to altitudes of 5-7 km (16,400-23,000 ft) a.s.l. during 28-29 March. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. on 2 April and weak ash explosions or avalanches may have occurred daily during the reporting period. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a thermal anomaly was present in the crater on 28 March and 1, 2, and 3 April; an ash plume drifted S on 3 April. Ash deposits were noted in areas about 20 km E, 70 km SW, and 45-50 km S. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 March-1 April 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was slightly above background levels during 23 and 25-26 March, and at background levels during 21-22, 24, and 27-28 March. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 3.3 km (10,800 ft) a.s.l. on 22 March. Weak ash explosions or avalanches possibly occurred during 23-26 March. Based on observations of satellite imagery and information from KVERT, the Tokyo VAAC reported that eruption plumes rose to altitudes of 3-7 km (10,000-23,000 ft) a.s.l. during 28-29 March. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 March-25 March 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was slightly above background levels during 13-16 March and at background levels during 17-19 March. Weak ash explosions or avalanches possibly occurred on 15 March when observations of satellite imagery revealed an ash plume drifting 40 km SE. On 16 March, ash deposits 15-20 km in length mantled the snow to the NE and ESE. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 March-18 March 2008 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was slightly above background levels during 7-14 March. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a weak thermal anomaly was present in the crater on 9 and 12 March. On 13 March, an ash plume rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. Ash deposits on the snow about 3-4 km SE of the summit were observed on satellite imagery. The Level of Concern Color Code was raised from Yellow to Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 December-11 December 2007 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was slightly above background levels during 30 November-7 December. A decrease in activity based on observations of satellite imagery during November and December 2007 prompted KVERT to lower the Level of Concern Color Code to Yellow on 7 December.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 November-4 December 2007 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was at background levels during 24-25 November and slightly above background levels on 26 November. Seismic data was unavailable on the other days during 23-30 November. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 November-13 November 2007 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 1-5 November and at background levels during 6-9 November. Based on seismic interpretation, ash explosions occurred and an ash plume may have risen to an altitude of 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. on 2 November. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a small thermal anomaly was present at the summit on 6 November; cloud cover obscured observations on other days. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 October-6 November 2007 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 25-28 October and at background levels during 29 October-2 November. Based on seismic interpretation, ash explosions occurred. Cloud cover obscured observations of satellite imagery. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an eruption plume rose to an altitude of 5.2 km (17,000 ft) a.s.l. during 18-21 October. Ash was not detected on satellite imagery.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 October-30 October 2007 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 19-26 October. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes may have risen to an altitude of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. during the reporting period. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a thermal anomaly was present in the crater during 19-20 and 22-24 October, and ash plumes drifted SE and S during 19-20 and 24 October.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 October-23 October 2007 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 12-19 October. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes may have risen to an altitude of 4.3 km (14,100 ft) a.s.l. during the reporting period. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a thermal anomaly was present in the crater during 14-18 October and ash plumes drifted E during 15-18 October. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on observations of satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that ash plumes rose to altitudes of 4.3-5.8 km (14,000-19,000 ft) a.s.l. during 18-21 October. Plumes drifted SE.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

10 October-16 October 2007 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 5-12 October. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes may have risen to an altitude of 5.2 km (17,100 ft) a.s.l. during the reporting period. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a thermal anomaly was present in the crater and ash plumes drifted E during 4-8 and 10-11 October. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on pilot reports and observations of satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that ash plumes rose to altitudes of 4.6-5.2 km (15,000-17,100 ft) a.s.l. on 12 and 16 October. Plumes drifted SE and E.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

3 October-9 October 2007 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 28 September-5 October. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes may have risen to an altitude of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. during the reporting period. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a thermal anomaly was present in the crater during 27 and 29-30 September and 1 and 3 October. Ash plumes drifted SE and E on 30 September and 1 and 3 October. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KEMSD and KVERT, observations in the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Flight Information Region (FIR), and pilot reports, the Tokyo VAAC reported that ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3-3.7 km (10,000-12,000 ft) a.s.l. on 5, 7, and 8 October. Plumes drifted E and NE.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

26 September-2 October 2007 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 21-28 September. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes may have risen to an altitude of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. during 20, 22, and 24-26 September. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a thermal anomaly was present in the crater during 20-21 and 24-26 September and ash plumes drifted E during 24-27 September. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KEMSD and pilot reports, the Tokyo VAAC reported that ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.7 km (12,000 ft) a.s.l. on 28 September and 4.3 km (14,000 ft) a.s.l. on 2 October.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

19 September-25 September 2007 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 14-21 September. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that ash plumes drifted SE on 15 September and a thermal anomaly was present in the crater during 13-15 and 17-19 September. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes may have risen to an altitude of 3.3 km (10,800 ft) a.s.l. during 15-16 and 20 September. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on pilot reports, information from KEMSD, observations of satellite imagery, and observations in the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Flight Information Region (FIR), the Tokyo VAAC reported that ash plumes rose to altitudes of 4.6 km (15,000 ft) a.s.l. on 21 September and 3.4 km (11,000 ft) a.s.l. on 25 September.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

12 September-18 September 2007 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 7-14 September. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes may have risen to an altitude of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. during the reporting period. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that ash plumes drifted E and SE during 7-10 September and a thermal anomaly was present in the crater during 8-10 and 11 September. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KVERT, the Tokyo VAAC reported that ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.4 km (11,000 ft) a.s.l. on 15 September. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

5 September-11 September 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 31 August-7 September. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes may have risen to altitudes of 5.5-6 km (18,000-19,700 ft) a.s.l. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a thermal anomaly was present in the crater during the reporting period. Ash plumes were also present and drifted NE on 31 August, and SE and NW during 1-3 September. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KEMSD, pilot reports, and observations in the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Flight Information Region (FIR), the Tokyo VAAC reported that ash plumes rose to altitudes of 3-7.3 km (10,000-24,000 ft) a.s.l. during 5-10 September. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

29 August-4 September 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 24-31 August, with 100-280 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes may have risen to an altitude of 5.9 km (19,400 ft) a.s.l. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a thermal anomaly was present in the crater on 24 and 30 August. Ash plumes were also present and drifted SE on 24 August and NE during 28-30 August. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KEMSD, satellite imagery, observations in the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Flight Information Region (FIR), and KVERT, the Tokyo VAAC reported that ash plumes rose to altitudes of 4.3-6.1 km (14,000-20,000 ft) a.s.l. during 31 August and 2-3 September. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery on 31 August.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

22 August-28 August 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 17-24 August, with 300-800 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes may have risen to an altitude of 5.7 km (18,700 ft) a.s.l. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a thermal anomaly was present in the crater on 20 and 23 August. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KEMSD, eruption plumes rose to estimated altitudes of 5.8 km and 4 km (19,000 ft and 13,000 ft) a.s.l. on 23 and 25 August, respectively. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 August-21 August 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 10-17 August, with 350-600 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes may have risen to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 August-14 August 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 3-10 August, with 300-800 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes may have risen to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 August-7 August 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 27 July-3 August, with 150-600 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes may have risen to an altitude of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. Observations of satellite imagery revealed that a thermal anomaly was present in the crater on 31 July and 2 August and gas-and-steam plumes drifted SW on 2 August. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 July-31 July 2007 Cite this Report

A KVERT report issued for Karymsky on 27 July stated the following, "The eruption of the volcano continues. Ash explosions up to 6 km (or 19,700 ft.) a.s.l. are possible at any time. The activity of the volcano could affect low-flying aircraft in the vicinity of the volcano."

Based on a report from unstated source and posted by the Tokyo VAAC, on 28 July ash plumes rose to estimated altitudes of ~6 km (20,000 ft) a.s.l., but the plume could not be identified in satellite analysis. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

18 July-24 July 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 13-20 July, with 500-900 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes may have risen to altitudes as high as 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. Ash plumes drifted SE and SW and a thermal anomaly in the crater were visible on satellite imagery during 14-18 July. Plumes rose to estimated altitudes of 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. based on atmospheric profiles. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange

Based on satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an ash plume rose to an altitude of 5.2 (17,000 ft) a.s.l. on 20 July and drifted SW.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

11 July-17 July 2007 Cite this Report

During 6-13 July, seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels. Based on seismic interpretation, ash plumes may have risen to altitudes of 2.5 km and 3.8 km (8,200 ft and 12,500 ft) a.s.l. on 7 and 10 July, respectively. A thermal anomaly in the crater was visible on satellite imagery during 10-11 July. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on pilot reports, satellite imagery, observations in the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Flight Information Region (FIR), and KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an ash plume rose to an altitude of 9.1 (30,000 ft) a.s.l. on 11 July. Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an ash plume rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. on 16 July. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

4 July-10 July 2007 Cite this Report

During 29 June-6 July, seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels. The seismic data indicated that ash plumes may have risen to altitudes of 2.7 and 4.6 km (8,900 and 15,100 ft) a.s.l. on 1 and 4 July, respectively. A thermal anomaly in the crater was visible on satellite imagery on 30 June and 1 July. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an eruption plume rose to an altitude of 2.4 km (8,000 ft) a.s.l. on 8 July. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

27 June-3 July 2007 Cite this Report

During 22-29 June, seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels and possibly indicated ash plumes to an altitude of 4.7 km (15,400 ft) a.s.l. all days. A steam-and-gas plume was visible on satellite imagery on 27 June.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 June-26 June 2007 Cite this Report

During 15-22 June, seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels and possibly indicated that ash explosions produced plumes to an altitude of 5.8 km (19,000 ft) a.s.l. all days.

Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that eruption plumes rose to 3-4.6 km (10,000-15,000 ft) a.s.l. during 24-25 June. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

13 June-19 June 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky indicated that ash plumes possibly rose to an altitude of 6.8 km (22,300 ft) a.s.l. during 8-13 June. Seismicity was above background levels during 8-15 June. On 11 June, ash plumes were visible on satellite imagery drifting S and SW. A thermal anomaly was visible in the crater during 9-10 and 12-13 June. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange

Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that eruption plumes rose to 3-6.1 km (10,000-20,000 ft) a.s.l. during 13-14 and 17 June. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

6 June-12 June 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was slightly above background levels during 1-8 June. According to visual observations, a gas-and-steam plume was visible on 5 June. KVERT lowered the Level of Concern Color Code from Orange to Yellow.

On 9 June, seismic data indicated that an explosion may have produced an ash plume that rose to an altitude of 3.8 km (12,500 ft) a.s.l. Strong seismicity and further possible explosions or avalanches followed the event. Clouds obscured summit observations. The Level of Concern Color Code was raised to Orange.

Based on information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that eruption plumes rose to 3.7-7 km (12,000-23,000 ft) a.s.l. during 9-12 June. Ash was not identified on satellite imagery.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

30 May-5 June 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was slightly above background levels during 25 May-1 June. Visual observations were not possible due to cloud cover. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 May-29 May 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was slightly above background levels during 18-25 May. A possible ash plume rose to an altitude of 2 km (6,400 ft) a.s.l. on 18 May. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 May-15 May 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 4-11 May. No thermal anomalies and ash plumes were seen on satellite imagery. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 May-8 May 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 27 April-4 May. A thermal anomaly was visible on satellite imagery; ash plumes were absent. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 April-1 May 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 20-27 April. Based on seismic interpretation, satellite imagery, and visual observation, ash plumes rose to altitudes of 4-4.5 km (13,100-14,800 ft) a.s.l. on 21 April and drifted SE. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 April-24 April 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 13-20 April. Ash plumes from explosions occurred during 13-20 April and may have reached altitudes of 4 km (13,000 ft) a.s.l. during 15-16 April and drifted E. Based on visual observation, a gas-and-steam plume rose to an altitude of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. on 19 April and a possible new lava flow was seen on the SW flank. A thermal anomaly in the crater was detected on satellite imagery during 14-16 April. Based on pilot reports, satellite imagery, and observations in the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Flight Information Region (FIR), the Tokyo VAAC reported that an ash plume rose to an altitude of 7.6 (25,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 April-17 April 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 10-13 April. Ash plumes from explosions may have reached altitudes of 4 km (13,000 ft) a.s.l. during the reporting period. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 April-10 April 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 4-10 April, with 100-250 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Ash plumes may have reached altitudes of 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. during the reporting period. Based on satellite imagery and information from the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Flight Information Region (FIR), AVO, pilot reports, and KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that eruption plumes rose to altitudes of 3.4-7.6 km (11,000-25,000 ft) a.s.l. on 5, 9, and 10 April. Plumes drifted SE and E on 9 and 10 April, respectively. A thermal anomaly in the crater was detected on satellite imagery during 4-5 and 7-10 April. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 March-3 April 2007 Cite this Report

Based on satellite imagery and information from the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Flight Information Region (FIR), the Tokyo VAAC reported that an eruption plume from Karymsky rose to an altitude of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. on 31 March.

Source: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

21 March-27 March 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky increased on 23 March. Ash plumes may have reached altitudes of 4.6 km (15,000 ft) a.s.l., although no visual observations were reported. Diffuse emissions were seen on satellite imagery.

Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)

21 February-27 February 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 16-22 February, with 100-180 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Ash plumes may have reached altitudes of 3.0 km (9,900 ft) a.s.l. during the reporting period. A thermal anomaly in the crater was detected on satellite imagery during 16-19 February. Based on satellite imagery and information from KEMSD, the Tokyo VAAC reported that eruption plumes rose to altitudes of 4.0-5.2 km (13,000-17,000 ft) a.s.l. on 22 and 27 February. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 February-20 February 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 9-16 February, with 50-200 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Minor explosions may have occurred and a thermal anomaly in the crater was detected on satellite imagery. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 February-13 February 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 2-9 February, with 80-400 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Ash plumes may have reached altitudes of 4 km (13,000 ft) a.s.l. during the reporting period. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 January-6 February 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 26 January-2 February, with 250-300 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Ash plumes may have reached altitudes of 3.0 km (9,900 ft) a.s.l. during the reporting period. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 January-30 January 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 19-26 January, with 100-250 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Ash plumes may have reached altitudes of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. during 7-8 January. A thermal anomaly in the crater was detected during the reporting period. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 January-23 January 2007 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 12-19 January, with 100-450 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Weak ash explosions possibly occurred during 14-16 January. Based on satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an eruption plume rose to an altitude of 3.4 km (11,000 ft) a.s.l. on 23 January. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 January-16 January 2007 Cite this Report

Activity at Karymsky continued during 5-12 January, with 100-350 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Ash plumes may have reached altitudes of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. during 7-8 January. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 January-9 January 2007 Cite this Report

Activity at Karymsky continued during 29 December-5 January, with 100-300 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Weak explosions possibly produced ash plumes during 1-3 January. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 December-2 January 2007 Cite this Report

Activity at Karymsky continued during 27 December-2 January, with 100-130 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Ash plumes may have reached altitudes of 2 km (6,600 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly in the crater was detected during 21-22 December. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 December-26 December 2006 Cite this Report

Seismic data from Karymsky were not available during 15-22 December. Based on ground and pilot observations, ash plumes rose to 7 km (23,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E and a thermal anomaly in the crater was detected on satellite imagery during the reporting period. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 December-19 December 2006 Cite this Report

Seismic data from Karymsky were not available during 8-15 December. Ash plumes were observed drifting in all directions during the reporting period. A thermal anomaly in the crater was detected on satellite imagery during 8-12 December. Pilots reported that an ash plume rose to an altitude of 7 km (23,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E on 17 December. Based on satellite data, the Tokyo VAAC reported that an ash plume rose to an altitude of 8.2 km (27,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 December-12 December 2006 Cite this Report

Seismic data from Karymsky was not available during 1-8 December. Pilots from international airlines reported that on 2 December ash plumes rose to 6.9 km (22,600 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E. Plumes also drifted E on 5-6 December. A thermal anomaly in the crater was detected on 3 and 6-7 December. Plumes were visible on satellite imagery on 9 December, extending as far as 15 km W. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 November-5 December 2006 Cite this Report

Seismic data from Karymsky was unavailable during 29 November-5 December. A large thermal anomaly in the crater was detected on 26, 27, and 29 November. On 29 November ash plumes drifted NE. Based on pilot reports and satellite imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported that during 1-2 December, ash plumes rose to 7 km (23,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted N and E. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 November-28 November 2006 Cite this Report

Seismic data from Karymsky was available during 18-19 November. Seismicity was elevated above background levels and the number of shallow earthquakes was more than 90 per day. Explosions produced ash plumes that possibly reached altitudes of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. based on seismic data. A thermal anomaly in the crater was detected on 18-19 and 21-23 November. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 November-21 November 2006 Cite this Report

Seismic data from Karymsky was available during 10-11 November. Seismicity was elevated above background levels and the number of shallow earthquakes ranged 130-420 per day. Based on seismic data, explosions produced ash plumes that possibly reached altitudes of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. Plumes were visible on satellite imagery on 13 November and drifted W. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 November-14 November 2006 Cite this Report

Seismic data from Karymsky were not available during 4-10 November, except on 2, 3, and 7 November, when seismicity was elevated above background levels. Explosions produced ash plumes that may have reached altitudes of 3 km (9,800 ft) a.s.l. Based on satellite imagery, plumes drifted NE on 2 November and SE during 6 and 7 November. A thermal anomaly in the crater was detected on 2-3 and 5-7 November. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 November-7 November 2006 Cite this Report

Activity at Karymsky continued during 26-29 October, with 150-550 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data and satellite imagery, ash plumes may have reached altitudes of 2-4.8 km (6,600-15,700 ft) a.s.l. An ash cloud extended 70 km to the NE on 28 October. A thermal anomaly in the crater was detected on 27-28 and 30-31 October and 2 November. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 October-31 October 2006 Cite this Report

Seismic activity increased at Karymsky during 21-27 October, with 350-550 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Explosions produced ash plumes that may have reached altitudes of 2.5-5.0 km (8,200-16,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E, NE, and SE. Staff from the Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (IVS) observed a series of ash bursts that produced plumes to 2.0 km (6,600 ft) a.s.l. on 25 October. A thermal anomaly in the crater was detected on satellite imagery during 19-24 October.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 October-24 October 2006 Cite this Report

Seismic data and satellite observations reported by KVERT indicated that moderate ash eruptions from Karymsky continued during 14-20 October. Weak local shallow earthquakes occurred at a rate of 100-290 per day. Ash explosions that were thought to have risen to about 3.6 km (11,800 ft) a.s.l. drifted E on 17-19 October. A thermal anomaly from the volcanic crater was noted on 13, 15, and 17-19 October. Based on a pilot observation, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 23 October an ash plume rose to 5.2 km (17,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 October-17 October 2006 Cite this Report

Activity at Karymsky continued during 11-17 October, with 100-190 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data and satellite observations, ash plumes may have reached altitudes of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly in the crater was detected on 7 and 12 October. According to the Tokyo VAAC, an ash plume rose to 3.7 km (12,000 ft) a.s.l. on 17 October. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 October-10 October 2006 Cite this Report

KVERT reported on 6 October that activity at Karymsky continued during 30 September-6 October, with 120-190 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Explosions produced ash plumes that possibly reached altitudes of 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly in the crater was detected on 30 September, and 2 and 4 October. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 September-3 October 2006 Cite this Report

Seismic data and satellite observations reported by KVERT indicated that moderate ash eruptions of Karymsky continued during 23-29 September. Weak local shallow earthquakes occurred at a rate of 100-250 per day. Ash explosions were thought to have risen to about 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. on 22 September, and up to 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. on the other days of that week. A thermal anomaly over the volcanic crater was noted on 23 and 26-27 September. The Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 September-26 September 2006 Cite this Report

Seismic data and satellite observations reported by KVERT indicate that moderate ash eruptions were continuing from Karymsky during 16-22 September. There have been 40-200 weak shallow earthquakes recorded each day. A thermal anomaly over the crater was noted on 18-19 September. Based on visual observations, volcanologists in the area on 19 September estimated ash explosions to have reached altitudes of 2.3 km (7,500 ft) a.s.l. Ash plumes extending 16-40 km SW and SE were noted at satellite images on 18-19 September.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 September-19 September 2006 Cite this Report

KVERT reported on 15 September that the Concern Color Code level at Karymsky was raised from Yellow to Orange. Approximately 50-100 shallow earthquakes occurred daily during 9-15 September. During 8-10 and 12 September, a thermal anomaly was detected in the crater. An ash plume was visible on satellite imagery extending ~140 km SE on 13 September. On 17 and 19 September, eruption plumes rose to altitudes of 2.7 km (9,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 September-12 September 2006 Cite this Report

KVERT reported on 8 September that the Concern Color Code level at Karymsky was lowered from Orange to Yellow. Approximately 30-90 shallow earthquakes occurred daily. During 1-4 September, a thermal anomaly was detected in the crater.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 August-5 September 2006 Cite this Report

Activity at Karymsky continued during 26 August-1 September, with 30-70 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash plumes reached altitudes of 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly in the crater was detected on 26 and 28 August. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 August-29 August 2006 Cite this Report

Activity at Karymsky continued during 23-29 August, with 30-100 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash plumes reached altitudes of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly in the crater was observed on 23 August. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 August-22 August 2006 Cite this Report

Activity at Karymsky continued during 12-18 August, with 60-500 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash plumes reached altitudes of 3.7 km (12,140 ft) a.s.l. According to the Airport Meteorological Center (AMC) in Yelizovo, on 16 August a pilot saw an ash plume rise to ~6.5 km (21,300 ft.) a.s.l. and drift NE. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 August-15 August 2006 Cite this Report

Based on interpretations of seismic and satellite data, KVERT reported that during 5-11 August explosions from Karymsky produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. and extended NW. Approximately 100-250 shallow earthquakes occurred daily. A thermal anomaly was present in the crater during the reporting period. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 August-8 August 2006 Cite this Report

Activity at Karymsky continued during 29 July-4 August, with 100-300 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash plumes reached altitudes of 3.1 km (10,200 ft) a.s.l. According to the Tokyo VAAC, the Kamchatkan Experimental and Methodical Seismological Department (KEMSD) reported that on 4 August ash plumes reached altitudes of 3.7 km (12,000 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly in the crater was observed. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 July-1 August 2006 Cite this Report

Based on interpretations of seismic and satellite data, KVERT reported that ash explosions from the summit crater of Karymsky continued during 26-28 July. On 24 July, volcanologists reported that an ash plume rose to an altitude of 6 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. A large thermal anomaly over the crater was visible on satellite imagery. KVERT warned that activity from the volcano could affect nearby low-flying aircraft. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 July-25 July 2006 Cite this Report

Based on interpretations of seismic data from Karymsky during 15-21 July, KVERT reported that ash plumes reached altitudes of 6 km (19,700 ft) a.s.l. According to the Tokyo VAAC, the Kamchatkan Experimental and Methodical Seismological Department (KEMSD) reported that on 23 and 24 July ash plumes reached altitudes of 6.7 km (22,000 ft) a.s.l. Approximately 180-400 shallow earthquakes occurred daily during the reporting period. A thermal anomaly in the crater was observed during 15-20 July. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 July-18 July 2006 Cite this Report

Activity at Karymsky continued during 8-14 July, with 250-1000 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash plumes reached altitudes of 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly in the crater was observed on 9 July. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 July-11 July 2006 Cite this Report

Based on interpretations of seismic data from Karymsky during 1-7 July, ash plumes reached altitudes of 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. According to the Tokyo VAAC, the Kamchatkan Experimental and Methodical Seismological Department (KEMSD) reported that on 10 July ash plumes reached altitudes of ~5.2 km (17,000 ft) a.s.l. Approximately 100-350 shallow earthquakes occurred daily during 29 June-3 July and increased to 1000 per day during 4-5 July. A thermal anomaly in the crater was observed on 30 June, 1 July, and 6 July. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 June-4 July 2006 Cite this Report

Activity at Karymsky continued during 23-30 June, with 100-350 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash plumes reached altitudes of 3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. According to the Tokyo VAAC, the Kamchatkan Experimental and Methodical Seismological Department (KEMSD) reported that on 1 and 3 July ash plumes reached altitudes of 3.7 km (12,000 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly in the crater was observed during 24-27 June. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 June-27 June 2006 Cite this Report

Activity at Karymsky continued during 21-27 June, with 200-700 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on pilot reports, on 19 June ash plumes rose up to 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and traveled NE. A thermal anomaly in the crater was observed during 17,19, and 22 June. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 June-20 June 2006 Cite this Report

Activity at Karymsky continued during 10-16 June, with 400-600 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Ash plumes up to 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. traveling SE were observed by pilots. A large thermal anomaly over the crater was visible on satellite imagery. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 May-6 June 2006 Cite this Report

During 27 May to 2 June, ash explosions from the summit of Karymsky continued. A large thermal anomaly in the crater was observed during 27-31 May. KVERT warned that activity from the volcano could affect nearby low-flying aircraft. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 May-30 May 2006 Cite this Report

Based on interpretations of seismic and satellite data, KVERT reported that ash explosions from the summit crater of Karymsky continued during 20-26 May. On 27 May, the Tokyo VAAC reported an ash plume an elevation of 3.7 km (12,000 ft) a.s.l. KVERT warned that activity from the volcano could affect nearby low-flying aircraft.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 May-23 May 2006 Cite this Report

During 12-19 May, eruptive activity continued at Karymsky. Based on interpretations of seismic and satellite data, ash plumes rose to a height of 8 km (26,200 ft) a.s.l. Ash plumes extended for about 50 km to the S and NE. KVERT warned that activity from the volcano could affect nearby low-flying aircraft. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 May-16 May 2006 Cite this Report

During 5-12 May, eruptive activity continued at Karymsky. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash plumes rose to a height of ~5.3 km (17,400 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was present on satellite data when the crater was visible. Ash plumes drifted SE. KVERT warned that activity from the volcano could affect nearby low-flying aircraft. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 April-2 May 2006 Cite this Report

Intermittent eruptive activity continued at Karymsky during 21-28 April. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash plumes rose to a height of ~3.8 km (12,500 ft) a.s.l. during the report week. Satellite imagery showed a large thermal anomaly at the volcano's crater, and numerous ash plumes and deposits extending 10-200 km SE and E of the volcano. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 April-18 April 2006 Cite this Report

Strombolian-to-Vulcanian activity continued at Karymsky during 7-14 April. Satellite imagery showed ash plumes extending ~40-145 km E and SE of the volcano, and a large thermal anomaly at the volcano's crater. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 March-28 March 2006 Cite this Report

During 17-24 March, Strombolian activity continued at Karymsky. Several ash plumes were visible on satellite imagery at a height of ~4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and extended SE and E. A thermal anomaly was seen at the volcano during periods of visibility. About 40-450 small earthquakes occurred daily. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 March-14 March 2006 Cite this Report

Strombolian activity continued at Karymsky during 3-10 March. A thermal anomaly over the volcanic crater was visible on satellite imagery during the entire week. Numerous ash plumes extending up to 150 km SE and E of the volcano were also visible on satellite imagery. On 9 March, a pilot reported an ash plume at a height of ~3 km (9,850 ft) a.s.l. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 March-7 March 2006 Cite this Report

During 24 February to 3 March, Strombolian activity continued at Karymsky. A large thermal anomaly was visible at the volcano's crater during the entire week. Numerous ash plumes were visible on satellite imagery, extending as far as 140 km NE and E. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 February-28 February 2006 Cite this Report

During 17-24 February, Strombolian activity continued at Karymsky. Satellite imagery showed a large thermal anomaly at the volcano's crater and numerous ash plumes extending as far as 117 km. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 February-21 February 2006 Cite this Report

During 10-17 February, a large thermal anomaly was visible at Karymsky's crater and numerous ash plumes were visible on satellite imagery. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 February-7 February 2006 Cite this Report

According to reports from pilots of local airlines, ash emissions from Karymsky rose to 4-5 km (13,100-16,400 ft) a.s.l. during 30-31 January. The ash plumes extended 13-29 km from the volcano to the SW and SE, respectively. A thermal anomaly was visible at the lava dome during 27 January to 3 February, except when the volcano was obscured by clouds on the 28th. KVERT warned that activity from the volcano could affect nearby low-flying aircraft. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 January-24 January 2006 Cite this Report

Seismic activity indicated that ash explosions from the summit crater of Karymsky continued during 14-20 January 2006. Ash plumes extending 6-9 km S from the volcano were registered on 12 January. A thermal anomaly over the dome was noted during 13-15 January. According to seismic data on 14-15 January, two possible ash plumes rose up to 3.0-3.4 km (9,800-11,200 feet) a.s.l. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 December-3 January 2006 Cite this Report

KVERT reported on 30 December that a new 60- to 80-m diameter cone formed at Karymsky's summit. A small lava dome that was 20-30 m in diameter was noted in the crater of the cone. During 23-30 December, many weak, shallow earthquakes were recorded at the volcano. Interpretations of seismic data suggested that seven ash plumes rose 2.5-4 km (8,200-13,100 ft) a.s.l. during 24 and 26-27 December. Ash plumes extended mainly E, SE, and occasionally SW of the volcano. KVERT reported that ash emissions could affect low-flying aircraft in the vicinity of the volcano. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 December-27 December 2005 Cite this Report

Interpretations of seismic data from Karymsky suggested that ten ash plumes rose to ~3.6 km (11,800 ft) a.s.l. during 16-23 December. KVERT volcanologists reported that during 17-21 December, ash plumes rose 2.5-3 km (8,200-9,800 ft) a.s.l. and extended WSW and ENE of the volcano. They warned that such activity could affect low-flying aircraft in the vicinity of the volcano. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 December-20 December 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity at Karymsky during 9-16 December indicated that growth of the lava dome in the summit crater continued. Ash plumes were visible on satellite imagery on 9 and 10 December. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 December-13 December 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity at Karymsky remained above background levels during 1-2 December, and there were no seismic data during 3-9 December. Ash clouds were visible on satellite imagery extending SE on 6 and 7 December. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 November-22 November 2005 Cite this Report

The lava dome in Karymsky's crater continued to grow during 11-18 November. No seismic data were available after 10 November. A thermal anomaly was visible at the volcano on 15 and 17 November. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 November-15 November 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 4-11 November, when five gas-and-steam plumes with some ash may have reached heights of 3-3.5 km (9,850-11,500 ft) a.s.l. The lava dome inside the volcano's crater continued to grow. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 November-8 November 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 28 October to 4 November. Based on interpretations of seismic data, three gas plumes containing some ash possibly rose 3-3.8 km (9,850-12,500 ft) a.s.l. during 29-31 October and 1 November. Ash plumes were visible on satellite imagery extending NE on 31 October and 2 November. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 October-1 November 2005 Cite this Report

During 21-28 October, seismicity at Karymsky was above background levels. Based on interpretations of seismic data, five ash-and-gas plumes may have reached heights of 2.5-3.5 km (8,200-11,500 ft) a.s.l. on several days. A thermal anomaly at the volcano was visible on satellite imagery. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 October-25 October 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity at Karymsky was above background levels during 14-21 October. Visual observations on 17 October revealed that the lava dome in the volcano's crater had been partially destroyed. Based on interpretations of seismic data, three ash-and-gas plumes may have risen 2.5-4 km (8,200-13,100 ft) a.s.l. during 14-16 October. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 September-20 September 2005 Cite this Report

Seismic signals associated with possible small ash-and-gas plumes from Karymsky were recorded during 9-16 September. A thermal anomaly was visible at the volcano on satellite imagery on 15 September. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 September-13 September 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 2-9 September. Based on interpretations of seismic data, small ash-and-gas plumes occurred during the report week. An ash-and-steam plume was faintly visible on satellite imagery extending ESE. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 August-6 September 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 26 August to 2 September. Interpretations of seismic data suggested that ash-and-gas plumes may have risen to 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. An ash plume was visible at a height of ~5.8 km (19,000 ft) a.s.l. on 27 August. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 August-30 August 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 19-26 August. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash-and-gas plumes may have risen to 5.5 km (18,000 ft) a.s.l. On 22 August, three ash plumes reached heights around 3-4 km (9,800-13,100 ft) a.s.l. and extended ~130 km E. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 August-16 August 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity remained above background levels at Karymsky during 5-12 August. Based on interpretations of seismic data, possible ash-and-gas plumes rose to ~4 km (~13,100 ft) a.s.l. During 10-11 August, ash plumes rose to ~2 km (~6,600 ft) a.s.l. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 August-9 August 2005 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels 3-9 August and indicated possible ash-and-gas plumes up to 3.5 km (~11,500 ft) a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was registered on 2 August. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 July-2 August 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 22-29 July. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash-and-gas plumes may have reached heights of 2.5-3 km (8,200-9,800 ft) a.s.l. On 22 July, a weak thermal anomaly and a short E-drifting ash-and-gas plume were visible on satellite imagery. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 July-26 July 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 15-22 July, with 350-700 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash-and-gas explosions may have produced plumes to heights of 1-1.5 km above the crater (8,300-10,000 ft a.s.l.). An ash-and-gas plume extended about 11 km SE on 11 July. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 July-19 July 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 8-15 July, with 450-600 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash-and-gas plumes may have risen 1-1.5 km above the crater (8,300-10,000 ft a.s.l.) on 11 and 13 July. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 July-12 July 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 1-8 July. Based on interpretations of seismic data during 4-7 July, ash-and-gas plumes may have risen to ~3 km above the crater (14,900 ft a.s.l.). Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 June-5 July 2005 Cite this Report

Satellite imagery of Karymsky showed a narrow ash-and-gas plume at a height of ~3.5 km (11,500 ft) a.s.l. on 30 June. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash-and-gas plumes may have reached heights of 3 km above the volcano's crater (14,900 ft a.s.l.). Karymsky was at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 June-28 June 2005 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky increased starting on 22 June. Ash explosions up to 3,000 m (9,800 ft) a.s.l. traveling SW were observed by pilots. According to seismic data, about 10 ash-and-gas plumes and avalanches occurred at the volcano. On 23 June Karymsky increased to Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 June-14 June 2005 Cite this Report

Due to a decrease in seismic and volcanic activity during 3-10 June, KVERT decreased the Concern Color Code at Karymsky from Orange to Yellow. During the report week, seismicity decreased to slightly above background levels, and 25-80 shallow earthquakes occurred daily. A weak gas-and-steam plume was observed on 4 June.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 June-7 June 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity decreased at Karymsky during 27 May to 3 June, but remained above background levels. No information was available about ash-and-gas explosions. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 May-31 May 2005 Cite this Report

Seismic and volcanic activity remained above background levels at Karymsky during 20-27 May. Ash-and-gas explosions rose 1.5-2 km above the crater (10,000-11,600 ft a.s.l.). Karymsky Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 May-24 May 2005 Cite this Report

During 13-20 May, seismic activity and the height of ash explosions increased at Karymsky in comparison to the previous week. Ash-and-gas plumes rose to ~3.5 km above the crater (16,500 ft a.s.l.) and fresh ash deposits were present on the W and E sectors of the volcano. A thermal anomaly continued to be visible on satellite imagery. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 May-17 May 2005 Cite this Report

High seismic activity at Karymsky continued during 6-13 May. The number of local shallow events was 150-500 per day during the week. According to seismic data, possible ash-and-gas plumes rose up to the 1,000 m above the crater on 5, 8, and 9 May. According to satellite data, a thermal anomaly was registered on 6 and 8 May. Gas-and-steam plumes containing some ash extended ~40 km E on 6 May and ~30 km S on 9 May. Clouds obscured the volcano at other times. A larger eruption to 3 km altitude (10,000 feet) was reported on 18 May. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 May-10 May 2005 Cite this Report

High seismicity continued through the week ending on 5 May. Ash-and-gas explosions during 2-3 May rose a short distance above the crater. Ash deposits extending SW were observed on 3 May. A thermal anomaly was also detected by satellite instruments during this period, as seismic data suggested many possible plumes rising as high as 1 km above the crater. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 April-3 May 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity at Karymsky was above background levels during 22-29 April, with 300-650 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Possible ash-and-gas explosions rose to a height of ~1 km above the volcano's crater (~8,300 a.s.l.). The evenings of 26 and 27 April, Strombolian activity was seen in two of the volcano's crater. Volcanic bombs rose to ~300 m above the craters. Ash-and-gas explosions rose to ~1 km above the crater (~8,300 ft a.s.l.). Ash fell to the SE on 22-23 April. Pyroclastic-flow deposits were seen on the NNW flank of the volcano. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 April-26 April 2005 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 15-22 April, with 250-500 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. During 14-15 April, possible ash-and-gas explosions rose to 1.5 km above the crater (10,000 ft a.s.l.). Strombolian activity was observed on the evening of 20 April. Volcanic bombs rose to 50 m above the crater (5,200 ft a.s.l.). On 21-22 April ash-and-gas bursts rose 300-400 m above the crater (6,000-6,400 ft. a.s.l.). Ash fell to the NE on 21 April. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 April-19 April 2005 Cite this Report

Seismic activity was above background levels at Karymsky during 8-15 April, with the number of shallow earthquakes increasing from 100 to 1,500 per day during the week. Possible ash-and-gas explosions may have reached 1 km above the crater (8,300 ft a.s.l.) during 12-13 April. Ash-and-gas plumes extended ~30 km on 8 and 9 April. Ash deposits extended ~10 km on the S side of the volcano. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 April-12 April 2005 Cite this Report

During 1-8 April, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky, with the number of shallow daily earthquakes decreasing from 500 to 100 during the week. Ash deposits extended ~15 km SW on 2 April. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 March-5 April 2005 Cite this Report

During 25 March to 1 April, seismicity at Karymsky was above background levels, with 110-500 daily shallow earthquakes. Possible ash-and-gas explosions rose to 1,000-1,500 m above the crater (8,300-10,000 ft a.s.l.) Explosions occurred from two craters at the volcano's summit on 29 March, sending E-drifting ash-and-gas plumes to 1 km above the crater (8,300 ft a.s.l.). Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 March-22 March 2005 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 11-18 March, with up to 350 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. On 12 March scientists noted possible ash plumes extending ~10 km (6.2 mi) E of the volcano, small ash clouds extending ~7 km (4.4 mi) N, and ash deposits on the southern sector of Karymsky. On 14 March possible ash-and-gas explosions reached heights of ~1.5 km above the crater (~10,000 ft a.s.l.). Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 December-4 January 2005 Cite this Report

On 28 December, an observed eruption at Karymsky produced a plume composed primarily of gas and steam, but with some ash, that rose to ~1 km above the crater. Thermal anomalies were also visible on satellite imagery on 27 and 28 December. On 30 December the Tokyo VAAC reported that a plume was present up to ~8 km a.s.l. and extending SW. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Sources: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 December-7 December 2004 Cite this Report

Seismic activity began to increase at Karymsky on 5 December, with ~200 shallow events. A larger number of earthquakes occurred on 6 December. During 5-6 December, possible ash plumes rose to 2.5 km a.s.l. and rock avalanches occurred. KVERT raised the Concern Color Code from Yellow to Orange on 7 December.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 October-19 October 2004 Cite this Report

Seismic activity was above background levels at Karymsky during 8-15 October, with 310-540 shallow events occurring daily. Interpretations of seismic data suggested that weak ash-and-gas explosions occurred during the week. Ash-and-gas plumes may have reached heights of 2.5-3 km a.s.l. on 9, 12, and 13 October. Ash plumes were visible on satellite imagery on 11 and 12 October, extending E then ESE 80 and 50 km, respectively. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 September-21 September 2004 Cite this Report

Seismic activity was above background levels during 11-17 September. The number of local shallow events was 140-220 events per day. According to seismic data, several possible ash-and-gas explosions up to 2 km a.s.l. occurred on 10-11 September, and up to 2.5-6 km on 12-14 September. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 September-14 September 2004 Cite this Report

During 3-10 September, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky. The number of shallow events increased from 55 to 250 during 3-6 September. Based on interpretations of seismic data, several plumes from ash-and-gas explosions may have risen 4.5-5.5 km a.s.l. A pilot observed an ash plume at a height of ~ 4 km a.s.l. on 5 September. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 September-7 September 2004 Cite this Report

Seismicity was slightly to moderately above background levels at Karymsky during 27 August to 3 September. During 26-29 August, there were 140-180 shallow earthquakes recorded daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data, several ash-and-gas plumes may have risen to ~5.5 km a.s.l. on 31 August and 1 September. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Orange.

Sources: Itar-Tass News; Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 August-31 August 2004 Cite this Report

An increase in volcanic activity led KVERT to raise the Concern Color Code at Karymsky from Yellow to Orange on 1 September. The level of seismicity was above background levels during 31 August to 1 September, with 130 shallow earthquakes occurring. Based on interpretations of seismic data, possible ash plumes rose to 5.5 km a.s.l. on 31 August and 1 September.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 August-10 August 2004 Cite this Report

During 30 July to 6 August seismicity at Karymsky was slightly above background levels, with 110-180 shallow earthquakes recorded during the week. KVERT reduced the Concern Color Code to Yellow from Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 July-20 July 2004 Cite this Report

During 9-16 July seismicity at Karymsky was above background levels, with 260-470 shallow earthquakes recorded during the week. On 14 July an explosion produced an ash-and-gas plume to a height of ~7.5 km a.s.l. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 July-13 July 2004 Cite this Report

During 3-9 July, seismicity at Karymsky was above background, with 400-800 shallow earthquakes occurring. Based on interpretations of seismic data, daily ash-and-gas explosions may have risen 2-4.5 km a.s.l. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 June-6 July 2004 Cite this Report

Seismicity at Karymsky was above background levels during 24-28 June, with 300-400 shallow earthquakes occurring. During 29-30 June, the number of earthquakes increased to 600-950. Based on interpretations of seismic data, daily ash-and-gas explosions may have risen to 2.5-4.5 a.s.l. On 28 June ash-and-gas plumes rose to 2.5-3 km every 7-10 minutes. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 June-29 June 2004 Cite this Report

Seismicity remained above background levels at Karymsky during 18-25 June, with 300-350 shallow earthquakes occurring per day. Based on interpretations of seismic data, possible ash-and-gas explosions rose daily to 2.5-4.5 km a.s.l. Pilots saw an ash plume on 17 June rise to ~2.5 km a.s.l. On 18 June, an ash plume extended ~40 km E. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 June-15 June 2004 Cite this Report

Seismic activity was above background levels at Karymsky during 4-11 June, with 300-480 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data, daily ash-and-gas explosions produced plumes that rose 3-6.5 km a.s.l. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 June-8 June 2004 Cite this Report

Between 28 May and 4 June, seismic activity was above background levels at Karymsky with up to 520 shallow earthquakes recorded and possible gas-and-ash plumes up to 4.5 km a.s.l. each day. A possible small eruption was observed on 28 May and an eruption was also observed on 2 June. An eruption on 6 June produced a plume that rose to ~3 km a.s.l. and extended to the SE. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 May-18 May 2004 Cite this Report

During 7-14 May, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky, with 330-450 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data, possible ash-and-gas explosions rose to 2.5-3 km a.s.l. daily. On 8 May an ash plume was visible extending more than 16 km NE of the volcano. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 May-11 May 2004 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 30 April to 7 May, with 180-580 earthquakes occurring per day. Based on interpretations of seismic data, possible ash-and-gas explosions rose to 2.5-3 km a.s.l. daily. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 April-27 April 2004 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 16-23 April, with 240-450 shallow earthquakes occurring per day. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash-and-gas explosions may have produced plumes to 2.5-3.5 km a.s.l. daily. On 17 and 20 April, ash deposits were seen NW, SW, and E of the volcano. On 19 April, an ash plume was seen on satellite imagery extending 47 km S. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 April-20 April 2004 Cite this Report

During 9-16 April, seismicity at Karymsky remained above background with 300-470 earthquakes per day and daily eruptions produced plumes to ~3.5 km a.s.l. During 12-19 April up to 400 small explosions per day produced plumes that rose ~0.5-1.5 km above the vent. According to the Tokyo VAAC, an eruption on 18 April produced a gas-and-ash plume that rose to ~4.6 km a.s.l. and extended SE. Karymsky remains at Concern Color Code Orange.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); RIA Novosti

7 April-13 April 2004 Cite this Report

During 2-9 April seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky, with 270-400 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data, daily ash-and-gas explosions may have produced plumes to heights of 2.5-3 km a.s.l. During 6-7 April, ash plumes extended 15-40 km to the NE and N. On 7 April, ash deposits were noted on the volcano to the NNE, SSW, E, and W. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 March-6 April 2004 Cite this Report

Seismicity remained above background levels at Karymsky during 26 March to 2 April, with 240-380 shallow earthquakes occurring per day. Based on interpretations of seismic data, plumes from ash-and-gas explosions may have reached 3.5 km a.s.l. every day. On 30 March ash deposits were seen extending SE and SW from the volcano. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 March-30 March 2004 Cite this Report

During 19-26 March seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky with 250-300 shallow earthquakes per day. Based on interpretations of seismic data, daily explosions may have produced ash-and-gas plumes to a height of ~3.5 km a.s.l. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 March-23 March 2004 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 12-19 March, with 250-350 shallow earthquakes occurring per day. Based on interpretations of seismic data, daily ash-and-gas explosions may have produced plumes to a height of ~3 km a.s.l. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 March-16 March 2004 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 5-12 March, with 200-370 shallow earthquakes occurring. Based on interpretations of seismic data, daily ash-and-gas explosions may have reached 3 km a.s.l. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 March-9 March 2004 Cite this Report

Seismicity at Karymsky was at background levels during 26-28 February, and above background levels during 28 February to 5 March. During the week, there were 30-400 shallow earthquakes recorded. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash-and-gas explosions produced plumes to 3-3.5 km a.s.l. on 29 February and during 1-3 March. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

25 February-2 March 2004 Cite this Report

Seismicity remained above background levels at Karymsky during 20-27 February, with 30-100 shallow earthquakes during the week. Based on interpretations of seismic data, several ash explosions during 19-25 may have produced ash plumes to a maximum height of 6.5 km a.s.l. On 20 February an ash plume was seen rising to ~3.5 km a.s.l. Satellite imagery on 20 February showed ash deposits as far away as 35 km S of the volcano. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 February-24 February 2004 Cite this Report

During 12-16 February, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky. No seismic data were recorded during 17-18 February. Based on interpretations of seismic data, during 12-14 February five ash-and-gas explosions produced plumes that rose 4-4.5 km a.s.l., and on 15 February explosions produced two plumes to ~3 km a.s.l. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 February-17 February 2004 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 6-13 February, with 30-190 shallow earthquakes occurring per day. Based on interpretations of seismic data, four possible ash-and-gas explosions produced plumes to ~6.5 km a.s.l. on 10 February. According to data from the Airport Meteorological Center in Yelizovo, on 9 and 12 February pilots saw ash plumes that rose to ~5.5 km a.s.l. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Sources: United Press International; Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); IRIB News

4 February-10 February 2004 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 30 January to 6 February, with 160-220 shallow earthquakes occurring per day. Based on interpretations of seismic data, during 30-31 January possible ash-and-gas explosions produced plumes that rose 2.5-3 km a.s.l. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 January-3 February 2004 Cite this Report

During 23-30 January, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky, with 50-150 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Gas-and-steam explosions produced plumes that rose to ~1 km above the volcano. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Pravda News

21 January-27 January 2004 Cite this Report

During 16-23 January, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky, with 200-300 shallow earthquakes occurring per day. Possible ash-and-gas explosions produced plumes that rose to 3 km above the volcano. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 January-20 January 2004 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 9-16 January, with 150-300 earthquakes recorded. Ash-and-gas plumes may have risen 1.5-3 km above the volcano. According to the Airport Meteorological Center (AMC) in Yelizovo, during the report period a pilot saw an ash plume rise ~5.5 km above the volcano and extend SSW. On 12 January staff of the Kamchatkan Experimental & Methodical Seismological Department (KEMSD) saw an ash plume rise ~2 km above the volcano and explosions that occured every 5-7 minutes. On 10 January ash deposits were seen on the volcano's snow-covered flanks extending SE. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

7 January-13 January 2004 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 1-5 January, with 40-150 shallow earthquakes occurring per day. The seismic station was not working during 5-9 January. During 2-4 January, ash deposits were visible on the volcano's snow-covered flanks extending ESE, NNW, and NNE. The Tokyo VAAC reported that ash was visible on satellite imagery on 8 January at a height of ~7 km a.s.l. drifting SSW. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

31 December-6 January 2004 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 26 December to 2 January, with 200-270 shallow earthquakes recorded per day. Possible ash-and-gas plumes rose 2-3.5 km above the volcano. On 25, 29, and 31 December explosions with accompanying pyroclastic flows may have been recorded. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 December-30 December 2003 Cite this Report

On 23 December at 0359 and on 24 December at 1605 KVERT recorded possible explosions at Karymsky that were accompanied by pyroclastic flows. During 19-26 December, seismicity at Karymsky was above background levels, with 40-200 earthquakes occurring per day. In addition, possible gas-and-ash explosions rose 1-2 km above the volcano. The number of earthquakes decreased during 18-20 December, then increased during 21-24 December. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 December-23 December 2003 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 12-19 December, with 160-240 local shallow earthquakes occurring per day. Explosions, possibly bearing ash, rose to 1-3 km above the volcano. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 December-9 December 2003 Cite this Report

During 28 November to 5 December, intermittent explosive eruptions emitted ash up to 5 km a.s.l. at Karymsky. On 5 December at 0745 a gas-and-ash plume reached 6 km a.s.l. and drifted E. Seismicity was above background levels with 200-240 shallow earthquakes detected per day. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 November-2 December 2003 Cite this Report

During 21-28 November, possible ash-and-gas plumes rose to 1-1.5 km above Karymsky. In addition, seismicity was above background levels during the report period, with 160-210 shallow earthquakes occurring. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 November-25 November 2003 Cite this Report

During 15-21 November, intermittent explosive eruptions at Karymsky produced gas-and-ash plumes that rose to 1.5-2 km above the crater. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 November-18 November 2003 Cite this Report

During 7-14 November, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky. The number of shallow earthquakes increased from 150 to 220 per day. Possible ash-and-gas explosions rose to 1-1.5 km above the volcano. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 October-4 November 2003 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 24-31 October, although the number of shallow earthquakes decreased from 250 to 70 per day. Seismic data indicated that possible ash-and-gas explosions rose 1-2.5 km above the crater. Satellite imagery showed a possible plume extending ~65 km NNE. The Concern Color Code was raised from Yellow to Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 October-14 October 2003 Cite this Report

During 3-10 October, seismicity at Karymsky was above background levels. Seismic data indicated that on 4 October at 1848 an ash explosion produced a cloud to a height of 4.5 km above the crater. The number of shallow earthquakes increased from ~150 on 4 October to ~350 per day during 5-8 October. Ash plumes extending 60 km SE and 30 km NE were observed on 4 and 7 October, respectively. The Concern Color Code at Karymsky was reduced from Orange to Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 October-7 October 2003 Cite this Report

During 26 September to 3 October, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky and the Concern Color Code was raised from Yellow to Orange. During 25-29 September, 200-270 shallow earthquakes occurred that indicated possible ash-and-gas explosions to heights of 1-1.5 km above the volcano. Interpretations of seismic data suggested that on 2 October at 0633 an ash explosion began that produced a plume to 3.5 km above the volcano. A seismic pause was recorded on 2 October.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 September-23 September 2003 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky during 12-19 September, with 210-300 shallow earthquakes occurring per day. These data indicated that possible ash-and-gas explosions occurred and rose 1-1.5 km above the crater. On 14 September an ash-and-gas plume rose 0.5 km above the crater. On 23 September, after 2 days of low seismicity, an explosion occurred at 1808 that produced an ash plume to 5 km a.s.l. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 September-9 September 2003 Cite this Report

Seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels during 29 August to 5 September. On 28 and 29 August ~120 shallow earthquakes occurred per day, and ash explosions rose to ~4.7 km a.s.l. The number of shallow earthquakes increased to 180 on 1 September, and then to 230 on 2-3 September. Seismic data indicated that ash-and-gas explosions reached 4.5 km a.s.l. On 30 August spasmodic tremor and a thermal anomaly visible on satellite imagery indicated the formation of a pyroclastic flow. The Concern Color Code at Karymsky was reduced from Orange to Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 August-2 September 2003 Cite this Report

Due to increased volcanic activity at Karymsky, KVERT raised the Concern Color Code to Orange from Yellow on 29 August. On 29 August at 1240 and 1612 explosions occurred that produced ash plumes to heights of 4-4.7 km a.s.l. The plumes drifted E. During 22-29 August, seismicity was above background levels, with about 180 shallow earthquakes per day. These earthquakes indicated possible ash-and-gas explosions to heights of 1-1.5 km above the volcano.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 May-27 May 2003 Cite this Report

Intermittent explosions occurred at Karymsky during 16-23 May. Seismicity was above background levels, with 150 to 320 shallow events occurring per day during 18-21 May. Seismic data indicated that ash-and-gas explosions reached heights up to 1 km above the crater, and gas blowouts and hot avalanches possibly occurred. On 18 May ash deposits were seen on snow on the volcano's S and SE flanks. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 May-20 May 2003 Cite this Report

Intermittent explosive activity continued at Karymsky during 9-16 May. Seismicity was above background levels on 10-16 May. Seismic data indicated that a total of 10 ash-and-gas explosions reached heights up to 1 km above the crater, and hot avalanches possibly occurred. Satellite data revealed a thermal anomaly and strips of ash deposits on the volcano's flanks. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

7 May-13 May 2003 Cite this Report

During 2-9 May, intermittent explosive eruptive activity continued at Karymsky and seismicity was at background levels. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 April-29 April 2003 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that Karymsky's seismicity was above background during the week ending 25 April, an interval when instruments registered ~40-100 volcanic earthquakes per day. The character of the seismicity suggested ash-and-gas explosions up to 1,000 m above the volcano's crater. According to Russian satellite data, ash deposits were detected ~35 km away in various directions from the volcano; these were noted the previous week, on 19-22 April, but not previously reported here. According to other observers on 21 April, an ash-and-gas plume rose 1,500 m above the volcano's crater. The level of concern color code stood at Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 April-22 April 2003 Cite this Report

Karymsky's eruptive vigor increased. Although seismicity stood at background levels during the past week and slightly above background levels on 14 April, ten=s of volcanic earthquakes per day began to be registered. Observations made on 16 April suggested the presence of fresh ash deposits extending to the ESE for a distance of over 10 km from the summit. Some data suggested that on 17 April an ash-and-gas plume rose 1,000 m above the crater (to ~2,500 m a.s.l.). These events caused authorities to raise the hazard status from Green to Yellow. A 23 April aviation notice described an apparent ash plume at ~3 km a.s.l. directed S.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); US Air Force Weather Agency

2 April-8 April 2003 Cite this Report

Seismicity was at background levels at Karymsky during 28 March to 4 April, so KVERT decreased the Concern Color Code from Yellow to Green. Fresh ash deposits were visible on satellite data during 17-18 March and a gas-and-steam plume was visible on 28 March.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 March-25 March 2003 Cite this Report

An increase in seismicity and volcanism at Karymsky during 14-21 March led KVERT to raise the Concern Color Code from Green to Yellow. Seismicity was slightly above background levels on 19 March, with weak volcanic earthquakes occurring and other seismic data that day suggesting the presence of hot avalanches. During 17-20 March, ash deposits were visible on satellite images extending more than 30 km SW of the volcano.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 February-4 March 2003 Cite this Report

Seismicity at Karymsky was at background levels during 20-23 February, so KVERT reduced the Concern Color Code on 28 February from Yellow to Green. Only an occasional very weak thermal anomaly was recorded on satellite imagery from late January to February. According to KVERT, the 7-year-period of eruptive activity at Karymsky may have come to an end.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 December-24 December 2002 Cite this Report

Seismicity remained above background levels at Karymsky during 13-20 December, with about 190-210 shallow events recorded per day. The character of seismicity indicated that ash-and-gas explosions reached heights of ~1 km above the volcano, and vigorous, 5- to 10-minute-long gas emissions possibly occurred. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 December-17 December 2002 Cite this Report

Seismicity remained above background levels at Karymsky during 6-13 December, with about 210-230 shallow events recorded per day. The character of seismicity indicated that ash-and-gas explosions reached heights of ~1 km above the volcano, and vigorous, 5- to 10-minute-long gas emissions possibly occurred. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 December-10 December 2002 Cite this Report

Seismicity remained above background levels at Karymsky during 29 November to 6 December, with 200-300 shallow events recorded per day. The character of seismicity indicated that ash-and-gas explosions reached heights of ~1 km above the volcano, and 5- to 10-minute-long vigorous gas emissions possibly occurred. On 1 December an ash plume was seen rising ~500 m above the volcano, and the top of the volcano and its SE flank was covered with recent ashfall and debris from continuing Vulcanian/Strombolian eruptions. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 November-26 November 2002 Cite this Report

Seismicity remained above background levels at Karymsky during 15-22 November, with 200-220 local shallow events recorded per day. The character of the seismicity indicated that ash-and-gas explosions rose to 1-2 km above the volcano and vigorous gas emissions lasting 5-10 minutes possibly occurred. On 20 November at 1157 a 20-minute-long seismic event was taken to indicate the possible occurrence of ash explosions up to 1 km above the crater and hot avalanches. Thermal anomalies (1-3 pixels) were visible on satellite imagery on several days. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 November-19 November 2002 Cite this Report

Seismicity remained above background levels at Karymsky during 8-15 November, with approximately 250 local shallow events recorded per day. The character of the seismicity indicated that ash-and-gas explosions rose to 1-2 km above the volcano and vigorous gas emissions lasting 5-10 minutes possibly occurred. Thermal anomalies (1-2 pixels) were visible on satellite imagery several days. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 October-5 November 2002 Cite this Report

Seismicity remained above background levels at Karymsky during 25 October to 1 November, with ~250 shallow earthquakes occurring per day. The character of the seismicity indicated that ash-and-gas explosions reached heights of 1 km above the volcano and vigorous 5- to 10-minute-long gas emissions possibly occurred. Thermal anomalies were visible on satellite imagery during 26-28 and 30 October. On the 31st at 1350 a pilot reported seeing an ash plume at a height of ~4 km a.s.l. extending SE. Seismic data from the Kamchatkan Experimental and Methodical Seismological Department revealed that the character of seismicity changed after 1400 that day. The data indicated that a lava flow probably traveled down the volcano's slope. A bright, large thermal anomaly was visible at the volcano on satellite imagery at 1314, as well as a ~60-km-long plume extending to the WSW. Pilots saw plumes on 1 November at 1100 rising to 4 km a.s.l. and drifting to the SE, and on 2 November at 0920 rising to 5.2 km a.s.l. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

23 October-29 October 2002 Cite this Report

Seismicity remained above background levels at Karymsky during 18-25 October, with ~250 shallow earthquakes occurring per day. The character of the seismicity indicated that ash-and-gas explosions reached heights of 1 km above the volcano and vigorous 5- to 10-minute-long gas emissions possibly occurred. KVERT reported that a lava flow was probably traveling down the volcano's slopes. Thermal anomalies were visible on satellite imagery on several days, but ash was not. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

18 September-24 September 2002 Cite this Report

During 13-20 September, seismicity at Karymsky remained above background levels, with 200-300 local shallow events occurring per day. The character of the seismicity indicated that ash-and-gas explosions rose to ~1 km above the volcano and gas blow-outs possibly occurred. On 16 September at 1217 a short-lived explosion sent an ash-and-gas plume to a height of ~3 km a.s.l. A thermal anomaly was visible on satellite imagery, but ash was not. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

11 September-17 September 2002 Cite this Report

During 6-13 September, seismicity at Karymsky remained above background levels, with 200-250 local shallow events occurring per day. The character of the seismicity indicated that ash-and-gas explosions rose to ~1 km above the volcano and gas blow-outs possibly occurred. Observations of Karymsky on 8 September revealed three new small lava flows on the volcano's S and SE slopes. A thermal anomaly was visible on satellite imagery, but ash was not. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

4 September-10 September 2002 Cite this Report

During 30 August to 6 September, activity at Karymsky was similar to activity throughout August. Seismicity remained above background, with 200-300 local shallow earthquakes occurring per day (150-250 occurred per day in August). The character of the seismicity indicated that ash-and-gas explosions rose to ~1 km above Karymsky and gas blow-outs possibly occurred. Thermal anomalies were visible on satellite imagery, but ash was not. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

31 July-6 August 2002 Cite this Report

During 27 July-2 August, seismicity remained above background levels at Karymsky. Local, shallow seismic events decreased from 250 to 150 events per day. The character of the seismicity indicated that weak ash-and-gas explosions and gas blow-outs possibly occurred. The duration and intensity of blow-outs increased. A 2-pixel-large thermal anomaly was visible on satellite imagery on 26 July. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

24 July-30 July 2002 Cite this Report

During 20-26 July, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky. Local, shallow seismic events occurred at a rate of ~10 events per hour. The character of the seismicity indicated that weak ash-and-gas explosions and gas blow-outs possibly occurred. Satellite imagery on 25 July indicated a possible small ash plume moving to the SW. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 July-23 July 2002 Cite this Report

During 12-19 July, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky. During most of the report week ~10 local shallow seismic events occurred per hour, but by the end of the week the rate had slightly decreased. The character of seismicity suggested that weak ash-and-gas explosions and gas blow-outs had probably occurred. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 July-16 July 2002 Cite this Report

Activity at Karymsky during 5-12 July was similar to activity during the past several months. Seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky, with ~10 earthquakes per hour. The character of seismicity suggested that weak ash-and-gas explosions and gas blow-outs had probably occurred. On the 9th a flight crew observed a volcanic plume that rose to a height of ~3 km a.s.l. Thermal anomalies were visible on satellite imagery, but ash was not. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 July-9 July 2002 Cite this Report

During 28 June to 5 July, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky, with ~10 earthquakes per hour. The character of seismicity suggested that weak ash-and-gas explosions and gas blow-outs had probably occurred. On 29 June at 1631 interpretations of seismic data indicated a possible ash-and-gas explosion that rose to a height of ~4 km a.s.l. Thermal anomalies were visible on satellite imagery, but ash was not. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 June-2 July 2002 Cite this Report

During 21-28 June, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky, with ~10 earthquakes occurring per hour. The character of seismicity suggested that weak ash-and-gas explosions and gas blow-outs had probably occurred. A steam-and-gas plume was visible on AVHRR satellite imagery on 25 June. Thermal anomalies were visible on satellite imagery, but ash was not. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 June-25 June 2002 Cite this Report

During 14-21 June, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky, with ~10 earthquakes occurring per hour. The character of seismicity suggested that weak ash-and-gas explosions and gas blow-outs had probably occurred. Thermal anomalies were visible on satellite imagery, but ash was not. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 June-18 June 2002 Cite this Report

During 7-14 June, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky, with ~10 earthquakes occurring per hour. The character of seismicity suggested that weak ash-and-gas explosions and gas blow-outs had probably occurred. Thermal anomalies were visible on satellite imagery, but ash was not. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 June-11 June 2002 Cite this Report

During 31 May-7 June, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky, with ~10 earthquakes occurring per hour. The character of seismicity suggested that weak ash-and-gas explosions and gas blow-outs had probably occurred. Thermal anomalies were visible on satellite imagery, but ash was not. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

29 May-4 June 2002 Cite this Report

During 24-31 May, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky, with ~10 earthquakes occurring per hour. The character of seismicity suggested that weak ash-and-gas explosions and gas blow-outs had probably occurred. Thermal anomalies were visible on satellite imagery, but ash was not. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

22 May-28 May 2002 Cite this Report

During 17-24 May, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky, with ~10 earthquakes occurring per hour. The character of seismicity suggested that weak ash-and-gas explosions, gas blow-outs, and debris avalanches occurred. Thermal anomalies were visible on satellite imagery, but ash was not. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

15 May-21 May 2002 Cite this Report

During 10-17 May seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky and the rate of earthquakes slightly increased in the middle of the report week. The character of seismicity suggested that weak ash-and-gas explosions, gas blow-outs, and debris avalanches occurred. Observations from a helicopter on 10 May revealed that a new ~100-m-high cone had grown inside the crater and a lava flow was seen on the volcano's SSE slope. Thermal anomalies and an ash-and-steam plume were visible on satellite imagery. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

8 May-14 May 2002 Cite this Report

During 3-10 May, Karymsky's seismicity remained above background levels and its character suggested that weak ash-and-gas explosions, gas blow-outs, and debris avalanches occurred. By the end of the week seismicity had slightly decreased. Thermal anomalies were visible on satellite imagery. On 9 May a faint ash-and-gas plume was also visible on satellite imagery extending 20 km to the SE. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

1 May-7 May 2002 Cite this Report

During 27 April-3 May, Karymsky's seismicity remained above background levels and its character suggested that weak ash-and-gas explosions, gas blow-outs, and debris avalanches occurred. On 28 April at about 1630 an ash explosion produced a cloud to 500 m a.s.l. and deposited ash predominately to the W and to a lesser extent to the E. A new cone was visible inside the crater. Thermal anomalies were visible on AVHRR satellite imagery, but ash was not. The volcano remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

24 April-30 April 2002 Cite this Report

During 19-26 April, Karymsky's seismicity was above background levels and its character suggested that weak ash-and-gas explosions, gas blow-outs, and debris avalanches occurred. Thermal anomalies were visible on AVHRR satellite imagery. Traces of ashfall were visible on MODIS imagery on 17 April. The volcano remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

17 April-23 April 2002 Cite this Report

A pilot reported observing an ash cloud from an explosion at Karymsky on 15 April at 1115 that rose 3 km above the volcano. During 12-19 April, seismicity was above background levels and its character indicated that weak ash-and-gas explosions, gas blow-outs, and debris avalanches possibly occurred. Thermal anomalies were visible on AVHRR satellite imagery. The volcano remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

10 April-16 April 2002 Cite this Report

After about 6 days of instrument downtime, the seismic station near Karymsky began to operate again. As was the case before the seismic station malfunction, seismicity was above background levels at 10 earthquakes per hour. The character of the seismicity indicated that weak ash-and-gas explosions and avalanches possibly occurred. A four-pixel-large thermal anomaly was observed on AVHRR satellite imagery on 9 April , but no ash was detected. The volcano was at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 April-9 April 2002 Cite this Report

During 29 March-2 April, seismicity was above background levels at Karymsky. No seismic data have been available since 3 April due to seismic station malfunction. Faint thermal anomalies were visible on AVHRR satellite imagery on 30 and 31 March. No ash was visible on any satellite imagery. The last assigned Concern Color Code (until 2 April) was Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 March-2 April 2002 Cite this Report

During 23-29 March, seismicity remained above background levels at Karymsky, with about 10 earthquakes occurring per hour. The character of the seismicity indicated that weak ash-and-gas explosions and avalanches probably occurred. Thermal anomalies that were 1-3 pixels large were visible on AVHRR satellite imagery, but ash was not. The volcano remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 March-26 March 2002 Cite this Report

After about one week of instrument downtime, the seismic station near Karymsky began to operate again. As was the case before the seismic station malfunction, seismicity was above background levels (10 earthquakes per hour). The character of the seismicity indicated that weak ash-and-gas explosions and avalanches possibly occurred. Weak thermal anomalies were observed on AVHRR satellite imagery and no ash was detected. The volcano was at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 March-19 March 2002 Cite this Report

Monitoring data showed no signs of volcanism at Karymsky during 8-15 March. No seismic data were available due to seismic station malfunction. No thermal anomalies or volcanic plumes were observed on satellite images. The last assigned Concern Color Code (until 8 March) was Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 March-12 March 2002 Cite this Report

On 5 March, after 11 days of instrument down time, the seismic station near Karymsky began to operate again. The amount and intensity of seismicity was similar to that recorded in February; about 10 earthquakes occurred per hour. Weak thermal anomalies were observed on AVHRR satellite imagery and no ash was detected. The volcano was at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 February-5 March 2002 Cite this Report

Prior to the failure of the seismic station at Karymsky on 23 February, seismicity was above background levels and similar in comparison to the previous week. During 22 February-1 March, thermal anomalies were visible on satellite imagery. No ash was detected in any images; only steam and possible airborne volcanic aerosols were visible.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 February-26 February 2002 Cite this Report

The level of seismicity at Karymsky during 15-22 February was similar to the previous week, with about 10 events occurring per hour. Thermal anomalies and small gas-and-steam plumes were visible on satellite imagery. The volcano remained at Color Concern Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

13 February-19 February 2002 Cite this Report

On 13 February a pilot reported seeing a W-drifting ash cloud rise to 5 km a.s.l. The cloud was not visible on satellite imagery; it may have been a single burst that dissipated rapidly. On 14 February, after 19 days with no seismic data, the seismic station at Karymsky began to work. Local shallow earthquakes occurred at the previously recorded rate of about 10 events per hour. During 8-15 February thermal anomalies were visible on satellite imagery. The volcano was at Color Concern Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 February-12 February 2002 Cite this Report

During 3-8 February thermal anomalies at Karymsky continued to be observed on AVHRR satellite imagery. No seismic data were available due to seismic station malfunction, and no ash was detected in satellite imagery.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 January-5 February 2002 Cite this Report

Seismicity was above background levels on 25 January, but the next day there were no seismic data available due to a station malfunction. On the 27th a thermal anomaly was visible on satellite imagery. The Tokyo VAAC reported that an eruption on 1 February at 1810 produced an E-drifting ash cloud to ~9 km a.s.l. The cloud was not visible on satellite imagery.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

23 January-29 January 2002 Cite this Report

On 19 January a thermal anomaly at Karymsky was observed on satellite imagery for the first time. On 24 January the seismic station, which had been inoperable for the previous 9 days, recorded about 10 local shallow earthquakes per hour. The rate of earthquakes beginning on the 24th was similar to that seen before the station broke, but they became a little stronger over time. No ash was visible on satellite imagery. The Concern Color Code on 25 January was Yellow ("volcano is restless"), which was the same as prior to the seismic station breaking.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

16 January-22 January 2002 Cite this Report

During 11-14 January seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels, with ~200 weak, shallow, local earthquakes occurring per day. Several of the shallow earthquakes indicated possible gas-and-ash explosions. Due to problems with the seismic station, beginning on 15 January, no Concern Color Code was assigned to the volcano. The last assigned Color Concern Code (on 14 January) was Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

9 January-15 January 2002 Cite this Report

During 4-11 January, volcanic activity at Karymsky was similar to that of the previous week. Seismicity was above background levels, with 40-80 weak, local earthquakes per day. Several shallow seismic events indicated possible gas-and-ash explosions. Beginning on 10 January at 1200, local earthquakes noticeably increased. The Color Concern Code remained at Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

2 January-8 January 2002 Cite this Report

During 28 December-4 January seismicity was mostly above background levels at Karymsky, with 40-80 weak, local earthquakes per day. Several shallow seismic events indicated possible gas-and-ash explosions. The Color Concern Code remained at Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

26 December-1 January 2002 Cite this Report

During 21-28 December seismicity remained above background levels at Karymsky, with 60-80 weak, local earthquakes per day. Several shallow seismic events indicated possible gas-and-ash explosions. The Color Concern Code remained at Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

19 December-25 December 2001 Cite this Report

During 14-21 December, 50-90 weak local earthquakes occurred per day at Karymsky and several shallow seismic events indicated possible gas-and-ash explosions. Observations from a helicopter on 14 December revealed that the upper part of the volcano's edifice remained snow free and fresh ash covered the volcano's NNW flank and spread ~3 km to Dvor stratovolcano, part of the Karymsky complex.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

12 December-18 December 2001 Cite this Report

During 7-14 December, 26-70 weak earthquakes occurred per day at Karymsky, weak spasmodic tremor was registered, and 13 shallow seismic events indicated possible gas-and-ash explosions. Seismicity increased by the end of the week. A pilot reported that on 10 December the upper part of the volcano's edifice was snow free and a gas-and-steam plume was observed. The volcano remained at Concern Color Code Yellow ("volcano is restless").

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

5 December-11 December 2001 Cite this Report

Since 27 November weak, continuous spasmodic tremor was recorded at Karymsky. From 40 to 60 weak local seismic earthquakes occurred per day. Several shallow seismic events per day indicated possible gas-and-ash explosions. No thermal anomaly was observed.The volcano remained at Color Concern Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

28 November-4 December 2001 Cite this Report

Since 27 November weak, continuous spasmodic tremor was recorded at Karymsky. The volcano remained at Concern Color Code Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

21 November-27 November 2001 Cite this Report

A noticeable decrease in seismicity at Karymsky during the end of the week of 16-23 November led KVERT to reduce the Concern Color Code from Orange to Yellow. Seismicity remained slightly above background levels after the decrease in earthquakes and signals of possible ash-and-gas explosions. On 19 November an airline pilot reported that the volcano's edifice looked black. On 22 November KVERT observed that the upper part of the edifice was without snow and had steam emanating from it.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

14 November-20 November 2001 Cite this Report

Increased seismicity at Karymsky during 11-16 November led KVERT to raise the Color Concern Code from Yellow to Orange. Beginning on 11 November seismicity was above background levels and many earthquakes and episodes of high-frequency spasmodic volcanic tremor were registered beneath the volcano. On 15 November at 0830 seismicity increased and earthquakes and signals of possible weak ash-and-gas explosions were registered. On 16 November at 0943 a 20-minute-long seismic signal was interpreted to indicate a gas-and-ash cloud may have risen to 8 km a.s.l.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 December-2 January 2001 Cite this Report

Because seismic activity was at background levels throughout the week KVERT reduced the Concern Color Code from Yellow to Green.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 December-26 December 2000 Cite this Report

KVERT reported that seismic activity was at background levels at Karymsky until 0905 to 0915 on 20 December when shallow earthquakes registered under the volcano were accompanied by short-lived explosions. At 2150 the same day, a pilot confirmed the presence of ash at the summit of the volcano and mud traces from melting snow on the edifice slopes. On 21 and 22 December (the end of KVERT's report period) seismicity was above background levels. The Concern Color Code was raised from Green to Yellow.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

Bulletin Reports - Index

Reports are organized chronologically and indexed below by Month/Year (Publication Volume:Number), and include a one-line summary. Click on the index link or scroll down to read the reports.

05/1970 (CSLP 47-70) Series of powerful eruptions form new crater on 12 May

06/1970 (CSLP 47-70) Details of 12 May eruption; ash explosions continuing every 2-3 hours

09/1970 (CSLP 47-70) Daily ash explosions

06/1975 (CSLP 46-75) Explosion on 10 May sends plume 1.5 km high

04/1976 (NSEB 01:07) Frequent explosions eject tephra and gases

08/1979 (SEAN 04:08) Explosions and lava flows

10/1982 (Ref 1984) Lava dome fills crater before being destroyed by explosions

09/1983 (Ref 1984) Weak fumarolic activity without seismicity

04/1985 (SEAN 10:04) Apparent new lava flow photographed by astronauts

03/1990 (BGVN 15:03) Slight thermal activity

08/1993 (BGVN 18:08) Small steam emissions in summit crater

05/1995 (BGVN 20:05) Increased seismicity in mid-April

01/1996 (BGVN 21:01) Explosive eruption from Karymsky Lake and new crater at summit

02/1996 (BGVN 21:02) Ongoing explosions eject steam and minor ash

03/1996 (BGVN 21:03) More details about the early January eruptions

05/1996 (BGVN 21:05) Eruptions continue through April; more details of early January activity

06/1996 (BGVN 21:06) Above background seismicity correlating to weak Strombolian eruptions

08/1996 (BGVN 21:08) Explosions send plumes up to 3 km high

09/1996 (BGVN 21:09) Explosions send bombs to 500 m and plumes up to 5 km high

10/1996 (BGVN 21:10) Elevated seismicity in October-November indicates continued eruption

12/1996 (BGVN 21:12) Elevated seismicity persists; up to 300 explosions daily

02/1997 (BGVN 22:02) Satellite images show hot spot; above-background seismicity continues

03/1997 (BGVN 22:03) Ash plumes reported by aircraft pilot

06/1997 (BGVN 22:06) Elevated seismicity indicating continued Strombolian activity

09/1997 (BGVN 22:09) Strombolian activity continues with 3-4 explosions/hour; small lava flow

11/1997 (BGVN 22:11) Low-level Strombolian activity continues

01/1998 (BGVN 23:01) Low-level Strombolian activity continues through January

02/1998 (BGVN 23:02) Ongoing gas-and-ash explosions

03/1998 (BGVN 23:03) Gas-and-steam explosions and above-background seismicity

04/1998 (BGVN 23:04) Strombolian eruptions continue; satellite imagery may indicate lava effusion

06/1998 (BGVN 23:06) Continuing gas-and-ash explosions and lava flow observed during 14-15 July

08/1998 (BGVN 23:08) Explosions and blowouts on 26 July

10/1998 (BGVN 23:10) Strombolian eruptions and elevated seismicity continue

11/1998 (BGVN 23:11) Strombolian eruptions continue, ash column seen on 24 November

12/1998 (BGVN 23:12) Satellite image shows ash plume 16 December

01/1999 (BGVN 24:01) Strombolian eruptions continue; thermal anomaly seen on satellite image

03/1999 (BGVN 24:03) Ash eruptions continue during February

07/1999 (BGVN 24:07) Ongoing explosions resume 7 August after brief quiet

11/1999 (BGVN 24:11) Eruptive activity gradually decreases, then stops in late December

04/2000 (BGVN 25:04) Low-level eruptive activity; intense ash-and-gas explosions in April

09/2000 (BGVN 25:09) Likely pyroclastic flow on 25 June; increase in seismic events and explosions

08/2001 (BGVN 26:08) Increased seismicity from December 2000 through September 2001

03/2002 (BGVN 27:03) Elevated seismicity; possible explosions and avalanches in March 2002

06/2002 (BGVN 27:06) Explosions eject ash to 3 km above summit during April and July 2002

09/2002 (BGVN 27:09) 3-km-high plumes, seismicity, and three new lava flows through September 2002

05/2003 (BGVN 28:05) Frequent ash plumes generated from October 2002 through May 2003

07/2003 (BGVN 28:07) May-July ash plumes; affiliated seismicity and satellite thermal anomalies

11/2003 (BGVN 28:11) Intermittent explosions and elevated seismicity through November

12/2003 (BGVN 28:12) Late 2003 explosions to at least 3.5 km above summit

04/2004 (BGVN 29:04) Intermittent gas-ash explosions and elevated seismicity continue

06/2005 (BGVN 30:06) Several ash plumes, including two to ~ 8 km altitude, during mid-2005

11/2005 (BGVN 30:11) Explosions continued during December 2004-June 2005

04/2006 (BGVN 31:04) During April 2006, emerging ash plumes remained visible for up to 145 km

07/2006 (BGVN 31:07) Ash plumes reaching 5 km; ongoing eruptions through at least mid-2006

11/2006 (BGVN 31:11) Moderate ash explosions and continued dome growth

07/2008 (BGVN 33:07) Ongoing explosions that began in 1996 continued through September 2008

12/2008 (BGVN 33:12) Ash plumes during 2007-January 2009, one over 450 km long

08/2009 (BGVN 34:08) New 14 August explosion crater formed on S side of upper summit

05/2012 (BGVN 37:05) Many ash plumes to 4 km during September 2009-September 2010

10/2013 (BGVN 38:10) Seismicity and ash plumes, September 2010-December 2013

09/2015 (BGVN 40:09) Ongoing ash plumes, thermal anomalies, and seismicity through 2014

08/2017 (BGVN 42:08) Persistent ash plumes and thermal anomalies January 2015-March 2016; short-lived explosions with ash, 5-8 October 2016

11/2017 (BGVN 42:11) Moderate ash explosions continue into September 2017

04/2018 (BGVN 43:04) Eruptive activity that began in June 2017 stops after an explosion on 27 January 2018

08/2018 (BGVN 43:08) Renewed eruptive activity with ash plumes during April through July 2018

10/2018 (BGVN 43:10) Thermal anomalies and ash explosions during August-September 2018

05/2019 (BGVN 44:05) Moderate explosive activity starting mid-February 2019

11/2019 (BGVN 44:11) Moderate explosive activity with ash plumes through 24 September 2019

10/2020 (BGVN 45:10) New eruption during April-July 2020; ash explosions in October 2020

05/2021 (BGVN 46:05) Explosions during November 2020-January 2021; new eruptive episode in April 2021

11/2021 (BGVN 46:11) Ash explosions during June-October 2021

06/2022 (BGVN 47:06) Strong ash explosions and ashfall during November 2021-April 2021

11/2022 (BGVN 47:11) Intermittent ash explosions until early August 2022; ongoing thermal anomalies and steam plumes

Information is preliminary and subject to change. All times are local (unless otherwise noted)

May 1970 (CSLP 47-70)

Series of powerful eruptions form new crater on 12 May

Card 0943 (22 May 1970) Series of powerful eruptions form new crater on 12 May

A series of powerful eruptions opened a new 200-m round crater at the top of the cone of Karymsky Volcano on . . . 12 May. On 20 May a team of [volcanologists from the Institute of Volcanology] visited the eruption area by helicopter and collected the first rock samples. Within the next few days a new expedition will depart for the volcano and seismologists will make on the spot observations and study the erupting volcano.

Information Contacts: Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk.

June 1970 (CSLP 47-70)

Details of 12 May eruption; ash explosions continuing every 2-3 hours

Card 0950 (01 June 1970) Details of 12 May eruption; ash explosions continuing every 2-3 hours

"Paroxysmal phase . . . began on 12 May. Eruptive ash cloud reached height of ~6 km, length 100 km, ashfall area 3,000 km², total ash amount 3 million tons. Nuees ardentes observed at distance 1-1.5 km, andesite dacitic lava flow reach length of about 1.5 km. Its volume 4 million cubic meters. Present activity ash explosions each 2-3 hours. Eruption continues."

Information Contacts: Y.M. Doubik, Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk.

September 1970 (CSLP 47-70)

Daily ash explosions

Card 1018 (25 September 1970) Daily ash explosions

The following cable was received [on] 25 September 1970. "Ash explosions 1 km height, periodicity of explosions one per day."

Information Contacts: Y.M. Doubik, Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk.

June 1975 (CSLP 46-75)

Explosion on 10 May sends plume 1.5 km high

Card 2201 (23 June 1975) Explosion on 10 May sends plume 1.5 km high

The eruption of Karymsky . . . began with a powerful explosion on 10 May 1975. A huge cloud of ash and gas rose to a height of 1,500 m at 0415 GMT, and again on 14 May at 2300 GMT. The explosions were preceded by volcanic tremors recorded since 7 May at the seismic station located 3.5 km from the crater.

Information Contacts: Y.M. Doubik, Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk.

April 1976 (NSEB 01:07) Cite this Report

Frequent explosions eject tephra and gases

Karymsky erupted during April. Scientists registered 60-80 explosions a day and believed that the plug in the crater's vent was being broken. Ash, slag, and gases were discharged from the crater.

Further Reference. Zharinov, I.A., and Firstov, P.P., 1985, Activity, seismic regime, and crust inclination at Karymsky volcano during the summer of 1976: Volcanology and Seismology, no. 2, p. 93-95.

Information Contacts: Y. Doubik, IV.

August 1979 (SEAN 04:08) Cite this Report

Explosions and lava flows

Tass reported on 31 July that explosions every 2-3 minutes produced 1-km-high ash clouds, and two lava flows were moving down the flanks.

Information Contacts: Tass News Agency.

October 1982 (Ref 1984)

Lava dome fills crater before being destroyed by explosions

Lava dome growth continued in 1982, filling the crater by mid-year. Small to moderate explosions were frequent January-July. Less frequent but more violent explosions occurred in August and September, then decreased gradually and ended by 10-11 October. The lava dome was destroyed, leaving a bowl-shaped crater similar to that prior to the 1978 eruption.

Reference. Ivanov, B.V., Chirkov, A.M., Dubik, Yu. M., Khrenov, A.P., Dvigalo, V.N., Razina, A.A., Stepanov, V.V., and Chubarova, O.S., 1984, Active volcanoes of Kamchatka and Kurile Islands: status in 1982: Volcanology and Seismology, v. 6, p. 623-634 (English translation of paper in Volcanology and Seismology, 1984, no. 4, p. 104-110).

Information Contacts: see Reference.

September 1983 (Ref 1984)

Weak fumarolic activity without seismicity

The following, from Ivanov and others (1984b), was published in SEAN 10:04. [After the eruption ended in October 1982, only weak fumarolic activity, without accompanying seismicity, was observed during the following 11 months. As of September 1983, the summit crater was 160 x 120 m, elongate NE-SW, and post-eruption collapse had deepened it to 60 m (Ivanov and others, 1984).]

Reference. Ivanov, B.V., Gavrilenko, G.M., Dvigalo, V.N., Ovsyannikov, A.A., Ozerov, A.Yu., Razina, A.A., Tokarev, P.I., Khrenov, A.P., and Chirkov, A.M., 1984, Activity of volcanoes in Kamchatka and the Kurile Islands in 1983: Volcanology and Seismology, v. 6, p. 959-972 (English translation of paper in Volcanology and Seismology, 1984, no. 6, p. 114-121).

Information Contacts: see Reference.

April 1985 (SEAN 10:04) Cite this Report

Apparent new lava flow photographed by astronauts

On 3 May, Space Shuttle astronauts photographed a feature that appeared to be a short, stubby lava flow extending from the summit crater toward the Pacific coast. The feature was a black area with a length (roughly several hundred meters) 2-3 times its width, and boundaries that were sharply defined against the snow cover. No eruption plume was observed.

Information Contacts: C. Wood, NASA, Houston.

March 1990 (BGVN 15:03) Cite this Report

Slight thermal activity

The volcano was generally quiet during a 2 February overflight (figure 1). Pre-existing thermal areas were visible in the S and SW parts of the crater, although the vent was snow-covered. Slightly warm zones were also noted on the upper S flank.

Figure 1. Summit crater of Karymsky, looking roughly SW on 2 February 1990. Courtesy of B. Ivanov.

Information Contacts: B. Ivanov, IV.

August 1993 (BGVN 18:08) Cite this Report

Small steam emissions in summit crater

No activity was observed during an overflight on 24 August, but small steam emissions in the S and SW part of the summit crater were noticed by SVE members who climbed the cone.

Information Contacts: H. Gaudru, SVE, Switzerland.

May 1995 (BGVN 20:05) Cite this Report

Increased seismicity in mid-April

Increased seismicity was recorded below Karymsky during 8-14 April, although it is uncertain whether this increase is indicative of an eruption in the near future. A large fumarolic area lies near the summit.

The number of seismic stations has decreased recently, and Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team operations are still suspended due to lack of funds.

Information Contacts: Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Alaska Volcano Observatory.

January 1996 (BGVN 21:01) Cite this Report

Explosive eruption from Karymsky Lake and new crater at summit

Periods of seismic unrest have occurred several times in the past 12 months, including one episode in April 1995, and the volcano usually emits a continuous steam plume. Based on recorded seismic activity, an eruption apparently began during 1700-1900 on 1 January. Russian aviation sources reported an ash plume to 7 km altitude at approximately 1130 the next day. A satellite image at 1400 on 2 January showed that the plume had extended at least 200 km SE and S of the volcano. Several aviation notices (SIGMETs) were issued concerning the ash plume. GMS satellite imagery revealed multiple ash emissions on 2 January, with the cloud height estimated at ~7 km. Satellite data on 3 January continued to show multiple low-level (below 5,400 m) ash bursts of short duration that drifted S and dissipated within an hour.

When the volcano was visited by Vladimir Kirianov and Yuri Doubik of the Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry between 1330 and 1630 on 3 January, they discovered that the initial eruption had vented from the N end of Karymsky Lake. The lake occupies the 5-km-diameter late-Pleistocene Akademia Nauk caldera, ~5 km S of Karymsky volcano proper. However, by the time of their visit activity had shifted to Karymsky volcano where a new crater had formed on the SSW side of the summit, adjacent to the old crater. The new crater, approximately the same size as the old crater, produced explosions every 1-5 minutes that fed a thick black ash plume to an altitude of ~2.5 km moving E. Fresh ashfall was widespread throughout the 5-km-wide Karymsky caldera and for a considerable area to the E and N. Karymsky Lake was yellow-gray in color and mostly covered by steam and vapor. The Karymsky River, which drains the lake to the N, was completely buried in ash and no longer visible; a new beach with numerous fumaroles marked the former source of the river. Very strong seismic activity associated with the eruption included one M 6.5 earthquake on the first day of the eruption. Seismic stations as far as 110 km from the volcano recorded the activity.

By 5 January the new summit crater was over twice the size of the old crater. A thick black ash plume had been observed the previous two days erupting explosively from the new crater to altitudes ranging of 2,400-5,500 m. Seismicity on 6 January indicated continued explosions every 1-3 minutes. Karymsky Lake remained yellow-gray and covered by steam and vapor. Seismicity through 12 January was interpreted to reflect continued, but less explosive, eruptive activity.

Information Contacts: Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory; Vladimir Kirianov and Yuri Doubik, Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Synoptic Analysis Branch, NOAA/NESDIS, USA.

February 1996 (BGVN 21:02) Cite this Report

Ongoing explosions eject steam and minor ash

Following the main eruptive period in early January, Karymsky had produced one to several small explosions a day. The explosions consisted mainly of steam with minor ash rising to heights <=1.5 km above the summit. Daily explosions continued until at least ~7 March. The lava flow erupted in January stopped growing during early February and continued cooling. The Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry (IVGG) reported that during the first week of March, Karymsky lake had a temperature of 23°C with a hotter area (32°C) located at its N end.

Ground reports noted one eruptive pulse at 2330 on 29 February; it sent ash and steam to ~4 km altitude; satellite imagery failed to detect this pulse. Simulated trajectory for plumes showed them generally blowing S to SSW.

Information Contacts: Vladimir Kirianov and Yuri Doubik, IVGG; Alaska Volcano Observatory; Synoptic Analysis Branch, NOAA/NESDIS, USA.

March 1996 (BGVN 21:03) Cite this Report

More details about the early January eruptions

According to the Institute of Volcanology (IV), the eruption on 2 January began around 0800. This activity was preceded by an upsurge in seismicity that started in April 1995. At 1926 on 31 December 1995, a M 5.8 earthquake occurred in the Kronotsky gulf, 50-60 km NE of the volcano. On 1 January at 2057 an earthquake of M 5.2 in the Karymsky region was followed at 2157 by a M 6.9 event centered ~25 km S of the volcano. During the next day there were more than 10 aftershocks of M >= 5.0. On 2 January at 1540, a group of IV volcanologists arrived by helicopter. Eruptive centers were observed near the summit and 5-6 km S in Karymsky Lake (maximum depth 115 m), which fills the Akademii Nauk caldera.

The eruption began with formation of a vent with a diameter of 20-30 m, located 50 m below the summit. Violent emissions of ash-rich gas jets rose to 1 km from another vent on the SW slope. Steam-and-gas jets, occasionally with black-colored matter, were also ejected to several hundred meters from beneath the surface of Karymsky Lake. The presumed eruptive center was 100-200 m from the shore in the NW sector of the lake. Turbulent steam-and-gas plumes rose 5-6 km above the surface from a 200-m-diameter area. Ice covering the lake had completely melted.

On 3 January the near-summit vent increased in size to 50 m in diameter. Gas and steam blasts alternated with ash ejections from the two simultaneously active vents on the volcano. Ash was usually ejected from the upper vent, and a white-colored plume was emitted from the lower vent. Ash ejections lasted 2-3 minutes, and gas blasts lasted 1.5-2 minutes. An ash-and-gas column rose 1-1.2 km and was blown E and SE by the wind. The surface of Karymsky Lake steamed intensely, sending clouds 800-1,000 m above the lake. Areas of green water were visible through breaks in the clouds, and a newly-formed black beach was seen. In the N and NE sector of the lake a narrow spit, beginning from the source of the Karymsky river and extending 250-300 m to the center of the lake, had formed. The water level in the lake had dropped a few meters. The upper reaches of the river had dried up, but on 2 January waves from the submarine eruption (up to 10 m high or more) overflowed the N shore, flooding a wide valley 1.5 km below the source. During a surveillance flight on 4 January, large areas of the valley were covered by black mud. The beach contained three fumarolic vents along the NE-trending fault zone. Within a radius of 500-800 m of the source of the Karymsky River, the surrounding snow-covered hills contained thousands of holes with diameters ranging from 10 cm to 1.5-2 m formed by lithic blocks ejected from the lake. The water level of the lake continued to fall because of intense evaporation.

Light-gray dacitic ash covered an area of about 150-200 km². At a distance of 8 km from the volcano fractions ranging from 0.16 to 0.06 mm dominated. Estimates made by S.A. Fedotov indicated that on 2 and 3 January the ash ejection rate from the summit crater reached 3-4 tons/second.

Routine observations from 2 January through 11 February showed that the climactic phase of the subaqueous eruption continued for no more than 12-15 hours. That eruption consisted of frequent explosions during which a vapor-gas mixture with lithic material was ejected to the surface. In the N sector of the lake at the shore W of the Karymsky River, damaged trees provided evidence of two eruptive sources 500-600 m from each other. This zone contained the main concentration of bomb material ejected from the lake. A portion of the shoreline (150-200 m long and 5-15 m wide) E of the river sank several meters into the lake. The main eruption center was 500 m from the shore, but smaller peripheral centers were also observed. As a result of the eruption, in the NNW sector of the lake, a beach in the form of a wide 0.4 km² cape was produced, as well as a narrow spit extending SE from the old shore. The length of the new shoreline was 2.4 km, and a large shoal was observed around the new peninsula. According to the preliminary estimates, the ejected deposits in the lake are at least 1 km² in area and 5-10 x 10⁶ m³ in volume.

Thermal springs that discharge at the S shore of Karymsky Lake were destroyed by ejecta from this eruption, and several new mud pots were formed; chemical composition of the solutions was unchanged. Near the center of the new beach, composed of sand-gravel and bomb material, a chain of five explosive vents with diameters from 1.5 to 30 m was observed. At the N end was a thermal site with a diameter of ~50 m that exhibited intense vapor emission and was covered by sublimates; visiting scientists detected a hydrogen sulfide odor. A dry funnel with a diameter of ~3 m and high gas emission at a temperature of 97°C was in the center of this site. Other explosion funnels had water at a depth of 1.2-1.5 m with temperatures from 33 to 70°C. The three funnels closest to the lake and on the opposite shore had gas emissions with temperatures of 97-98°C.

On 4 January run-off from the lake ceased owing to damming by ejected material. Analyses of water samples from the lake, river, and various hot springs in the area indicated that there had been chemical contributions to the lake water by an underlying magma body.

Information Contacts: G.A. Karpov, Ya.D. Muravyev, R.A. Shuvalov, S.M. Fazlullin, and V.N. Chebrov, Institute of Volcanology, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia.

May 1996 (BGVN 21:05) Cite this Report

Eruptions continue through April; more details of early January activity

Eruptions began on 2 January from the summit of Karymsky and from the lake (Karymsky Lake) within the Akademia Nauk caldera (figure 2), previously considered to be extinct (BGVN 21:01-21:03). Eruptive activity at [Karymsky] continued through the end of April.

Figure 2. Schematic map showing some features of the SW part of the Karymsky Volcanic Center. Karymsky Lake lies within the Akademia Nauk Caldera. Courtesy of the Institute of Volcanology.

Precursory seismicity. Large tectonic earthquakes in the Kronotsky Gulf have historically been among the precursors to eruptions from Karymsky and Maly Semiachik volcanoes. At 1926 on 31 December 1995, a M 5.6 earthquake occurred in the Kronotsky Gulf (50-60 km NE) at a depth of ~60 km. Earthquake swarms are common beneath the large (50 x 35 km) Karymsky Volcanic Center, but an unusually large swarm started on the evening of 1 January with hypocenters to depths of 80 km (figure 3). These followed a M 5.2 foreshock, and at 2157 a shallow M 6.9 earthquake took place centered ~25 km S of Karymsky; this was the largest earthquake recorded beneath the Kamchatkan volcanoes during the past 50 years. Scientists from the Institute of Volcanology and the Kamchatkan Experimental-Methodical Seismological Department of Geophysical Survey, Russian Academy of Sciences, flew to the epicentral zone of the continuing earthquake swarm and observed the onset of the eruption.

Figure 3. Map and cross-sections of epicenters from the earthquake swarm at Karymsky Volcanic Center that began on 1 January 1996. Cross-section A-B (below map) trends approximately NW-SE, and cross-section C-D (left of map) trends approximately NE-SW. Courtesy of the Institute of Volcanology.

Early eruptions at Karymsky volcano. On the afternoon of 2 January the eruption began on Karymsky's upper SW flank 50 m below the old summit crater and from the Akademia Nauk caldera lake, ~6 km S (figure 4). Ash and gas clouds from the summit vent fed a plume (figure 5) rising to 1 km above the crater; the ash-flow rate was estimated to be several cubic meters per second. The eruption cloud extended E towards the ocean and ashfall was visible 40-50 km away.

Figure 4. Simultaneous eruptions of Karymsky (right) and Akademia Nauk (left) volcanoes, 2 January 1996. Distance between the summit vent of Karymsky and subaqueous vents in the Akademia Nauk caldera lake is 6 km. The Karymsky cone is 700 m high. Courtesy of the Institute of Volcanology.

Figure 5. Continuous gas-and-ash emission from the new vent on the upper flank of Karymsky, 2 January 1996. Courtesy of the Institute of Volcanology.

On the evening on 3 January another crater formed on Karymsky; it looked like a 30-m-diameter amphitheater open to the SW. Sub-vertical Vulcanian explosions occurred from this crater to an altitude of 1 km. Over the next few days, explosions sent gas-and-ash emissions 300-1,100 m high almost every minute.

During the first three days of the eruption, ~500-800 x 10³ tons of solid materials, including ash, lapilli, cinder, and bombs, were ejected at Karymsky. During the next 2-3.5 months ~3-4 x 10³ tons of andesite-dacite tephra (SiO2 61%) and a small amount of bombs were ejected. An area with a radius of 15-20 km was covered by an ash layer several millimeters thick. The layer's thickness increased along the ashfall axis, reaching 20-30 mm at 4-5 km from the source.

Early eruptions at Akademia Nauk caldera lake. Violent subaqueous explosions on 2 January took place several times every hour in the N part of the 5-km-wide Akademia Nauk caldera lake (figure 6). Explosion clouds rose to 8 km altitude, but most of the tephra fell back into the lake. Ash from Karymsky Lake covered Akademia Nauk volcano and its surroundings. The head of the Karymsky River had its valley and adjacent flood-lands inundated by high water and mud flows.

Figure 6. One of the powerful subaqueous explosions from the N part of Karymsky Lake (Akademia Nauk Caldera), 2 January 1996. The base of the growing cloud is ~1 km wide. Courtesy of the Institute of Volcanology.

Although the Akademia Nauk caldera lake had been ice-covered during the winter, after the January explosions water temperature reached 25°C, pH decreased from 7.5 to 3.1-3.2, and mineralization increased from 0.1 g/l to 0.9 g/l. Thermal water compositionally similar to those of the Karymsky springs started to discharge at a new shoal in the N part of the lake. According to preliminary estimates, ~0.015 km³ of material was supplied to the lake during the eruption.

After the lake water had cleared, a subaqueous deposit around the main explosion vent (with a diameter of 1 km) was observed. The N part of the deposit, ~1 km², was exposed at the surface, forming an arched spit with the adjoining peninsula (figure 7). According to preliminary estimates, ~5-10 x 10⁶ m³ of tephra including sand and rounded fragments of various sizes, and many bombs, formed the deposit there. Their composition ranged from basaltic andesite to andesite-dacite. The volume of deposits on the bottom of the lake is much greater.

Figure 7. View of Karymsky Lake showing the new 1-km-wide peninsula formed by subaqueous explosion deposits on 2 January 1996. The main vents are to the left of the beach arc. Courtesy of the Institute of Volcanology.

Activity through April. During the ensuing days in January, the eruption style at Karymsky dropped to 5-6 explosions reaching 500-900 m high every hour. More vigorous single explosions were exceptional. On 13-14 January, a block-lava flow from the flank crater traveled 400 m, was 50-70 m wide, and averaged 6-10 m thick. In late January the interval between explosions started to increase from 30 minutes to 2-3 hours.

In February only several explosions were observed each day (figure 8). In late February the number of explosions increased to 5-6/hour, but their intensity decreased. In March the number of explosions decreased but their intensity increased. In April the number of explosions increased. For example, on 23 April they took place every 5 minutes. Two additional lava flows were emitted from the flank crater in April.

A dense geodetic network developed since 1972 at the Karymsky Volcanic Center has been measured repeatedly. During the past 20 years, a horizontal extension of Akademia Nauk caldera was observed that may have indicated filling of a magma chamber under the volcano. Measurements made in February and March revealed an extension of 232 cm along the 3.5-km base and subsidence of 70 cm near the area of subaqueous explosions in the caldera lake.

Figure 8. Typical Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky, January-April 1996. Courtesy of the Institute of Volcanology.

Karymsky Volcanic Center. Karymsky and Akademia Nauk are part of the 50 x 35 km Karymsky Volcanic Center (sometimes referred to as the Zhupanovsky volcano-tectonic depression). Located in the Eastern Kamchatka volcanic belt, 30 km from the Kronotsky Gulf and Pacific Ocean, this center contains 21 volcanic edifices, six calderas, and two historically active stratovolcanoes, Karymsky and Maly Semiachik.

The 5-km-diameter Karymsky Caldera formed 7,800 years ago and the Karymsky cone has been growing in the center of the caldera for 5,300 years, ejecting andesitic and dacitic materials. Historical reports on Karymsky's eruptions have been available since 1771. During that period of time, more than 20 prolonged eruptions were separated by quiet periods as long as 10 years. The most recent previous eruption continued from 1970 to 1982.

Akademia Nauk caldera, which was named by the famous Russian volcanologist Vladimir Vlodavetz in 1939, is located immediately to the S in the SW part of the Karymsky Volcanic Center. Its activity began about 50,000 years ago. The N part of the caldera is occupied by Karymsky Lake (4 km wide, 12.5 km² in area, and 80 m deep). The Akademia Nauk chloride-sodium springs, with 1.3 g/l mineralization and temperatures >250°C in the interior part of the hydrothermal system, discharge along the lake's S shore.

Information Contacts: S.A. Fedotov, V.A. Budhikov, G.A. Karpov, M.A. Maguskin, Ya.D. Muravyev, V.A. Saltykov, and R.A. Shuvalov, Institute of Volcanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia.

June 1996 (BGVN 21:06) Cite this Report

Above background seismicity correlating to weak Strombolian eruptions

Seismicity remained above background in June and the first half of July, and was indicative of continued low-level Strombolian eruptive activity. Gas-and-ash explosions occurred about every 5-20 minutes, generating ash-and-steam plumes to an altitude of 500-3,000 m. Regular reports from KVERT (via AVO) resumed in June after funding problems in Russia halted communications in December 1994 (BGVN 19:11).

Information Contacts: Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory; Vladimir Kirianov, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry.

August 1996 (BGVN 21:08) Cite this Report

Explosions send plumes up to 3 km high

Seismicity remained above background in late July and August, and was indicative of continued low-level Strombolian eruptive activity. Gas-and-ash explosions occurred about every 10-25 minutes, generating ash-and-steam plumes to an altitude of 1,800-3,000 m.

Information Contacts: Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory; Vladimir Kirianov, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry.

September 1996 (BGVN 21:09) Cite this Report

Explosions send bombs to 500 m and plumes up to 5 km high

During September and the first half of October, seismicity remained above background and was indicative of continued low-level Strombolian eruptive activity. Gas-and-ash explosions occurred every 3-25 minutes, commonly generating ash-and-steam plumes 300-700 m high. However, the eruptive activity increased on 13 October. Volcanic bombs were ejected to 500 m above the crater; eruptive plumes from separate explosions rose to 3-5 km above Karymsky and extended >200 km NE and E. AVO analysis of satellite imagery confirmed a hot spot at the volcano.

Information Contacts: Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory; Vladimir Kirianov, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry.

October 1996 (BGVN 21:10) Cite this Report

Elevated seismicity in October-November indicates continued eruption

During the second half of October and November, seismicity remained above background and was indicative of continued low-level Strombolian eruptive activity. On the afternoon of 13 November, a pilot report indicated vigorous but low-level activity; satellite imagery also showed a well-developed plume traveling ~140 km SE. On 15 November AVO analysis of satellite imagery confirmed a hot spot at the volcano and a plume extending 140 km E.

Information Contacts: Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory; Vladimir Kirianov, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry.

December 1996 (BGVN 21:12) Cite this Report

Elevated seismicity persists; up to 300 explosions daily

Although no visual observations were made, during December and 1-20 January seismicity remained above background in a manner that suggested continued low-level Strombolian eruptions. Seismic data indicated that up to 300 explosions occurred each day.

Information Contacts: Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory; Vladimir Kirianov, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry.

February 1997 (BGVN 22:02) Cite this Report

Satellite images show hot spot; above-background seismicity continues

No direct visual observations were made during February and 1-24 March. Above-background seismicity suggested ongoing low-level Strombolian eruptions. Satellite imagery examined by the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) showed a persistent hot spot at the summit and occasional low-level ash plumes.

Information Contacts: Alaska Volcano Observatory; Vladimir Kirianov, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry.

March 1997 (BGVN 22:03) Cite this Report

Ash plumes reported by aircraft pilot

No direct visual observations were made during 25 March-25 April, however the above-background seismicity suggested ongoing low-level Strombolian eruptions. On 14 April an airline pilot reported an ash plume at 6.1 km, but no plume was detected on GMS-5 satellite imagery.

Information Contacts: Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory; Vladimir Kirianov, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry.

June 1997 (BGVN 22:06) Cite this Report

Elevated seismicity indicating continued Strombolian activity

Seismicity remained above background for the three-week interval ending on 27 July. Although visual observations were absent, seismicity indicated continued low-level Strombolian eruptive activity of the kind that has characterized the volcano for more than a year.

Information Contacts: Vladimir Kirianov, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory.

September 1997 (BGVN 22:09) Cite this Report

Strombolian activity continues with 3-4 explosions/hour; small lava flow

On 2 August, V. Kirianov visited the volcano by helicopter and reported continuation of the low-level Strombolian activity that has characterized the volcano for more than a year. A blocky lava flow (60 m wide and 350 m long) was observed moving from the crater down the W slope during 2-10 August. During early August- early October, seismicity remained above background levels. Low-level Strombolian activity continued through mid-October. Gas-and-ash explosions during this period occurred at a frequency of 3-4/hour, with plumes usually rising to 150-600 m, rarely as high as 1,000 m.

Information Contacts: Vladimir Kirianov, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory.

November 1997 (BGVN 22:11) Cite this Report

Low-level Strombolian activity continues

During 13 October-24 November seismicity remained above background level; low-level Strombolian eruptive activity that has continued since January 1996 (BGVN 21:01) consisted of gas and ash explosions occurring every 20 minutes, sending ash and steam 200-400 m above the crater. During 24 November- 29 December there was elevated seismicity and explosions every 20-30 minutes that sent ash and steam 300-400 m above the crater. On 14 December, the level of concern was downgraded to yellow from orange, indicating that the volcano's activity was less indicative of a major eruption.

Information Contacts: Vladimir Kirianov, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory.

January 1998 (BGVN 23:01) Cite this Report

Low-level Strombolian activity continues through January

The Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT) reported continuation of the low-level Strombolian activity that has characterized Karymsky for more than two years. Seismicity remained just above background level. Gas-and-ash explosions during 29 December to 31 January occurred of every 30 minutes, with plumes usually rising 300-400 m. An ash advisory issued by the Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) reported an eruption 26 January that produced an ash cloud rising to 3,500 m. No other details of this eruption were available, and satellite imagery did not show evidence of the plume.

Information Contacts: Vladimir Kirianov, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory; NOAA/NESDIS Satellite Analysis Branch (SAB), USA.

February 1998 (BGVN 23:02) Cite this Report

Ongoing gas-and-ash explosions

Seismicity remained above background level and low-level Strombolian activity sent ash and steam 300-400 m above the crater during 27 January-1 March. During 27 January-8 February, gas-and-ash explosions occurred every 30-40 minutes. During 9 February-1 March, 70-100 gas-and-ash explosions occurred per day. On 9 February, 11 tectonic earthquakes were recorded ~10 km S of Karymsky.

Information Contacts: Vladimir Kirianov, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory.

March 1998 (BGVN 23:03) Cite this Report

Gas-and-steam explosions and above-background seismicity

Seismicity remained above background level during 2 March-5 April and low-level Strombolian activity continued. As many as 70-100 gas-and-ash or gas-and-steam explosions occurred daily. Ash and steam rose 300-400 m above the crater during the first week of March.

Information Contacts: Vladimir Kirianov, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory.

April 1998 (BGVN 23:04) Cite this Report

Strombolian eruptions continue; satellite imagery may indicate lava effusion

Seismicity at Karymsky remained above background levels during April and May. The low level Strombolian activity characteristic of the past 2 years continues. Violent gas explosions numbered between 70 and 200 daily. Deeper events predominated over explosive events.

Satellite imagery available to the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) showed that on 17 April a long, thin steam plume had extended over 100 km from Karymsky. Also, a distinct thermal anomaly (about 40°C), well above background temperatures, had appeared at the summit 18 April. These features may indicate a small renewal of lava effusion.

Information Contacts: Olga Chubarova, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory.

June 1998 (BGVN 23:06) Cite this Report

Continuing gas-and-ash explosions and lava flow observed during 14-15 July

Through analysis of seismic data, the Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruptions Team (KVERT) detected a change in the volcano's behavior. For the past 2 years, Karymsky characteristically produced low-level Strombolian activity, including more than 100 earthquakes and gas explosions each day. After 10 July the explosive events began to accompany 1-4 minute segments of harmonic tremor.

A visit on 14-15 July disclosed gas-and-ash explosions to heights of 400-600 m above the crater every 8-10 minutes on average. More vigorous gas-and-ash explosions to 1 km occurred about every 2 hours. Lava continued to flow. During the night of 14-15 July, and the following morning, weak ashfall was observed 3.5 km from the crater. Later that morning, a series of ash explosions occurred with a periodicity of ~5 minutes. The color-coded hazard status remained at yellow.

Information Contacts: Olga Chubarova, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory.

August 1998 (BGVN 23:08) Cite this Report

Explosions and blowouts on 26 July

Seismicity remained above background levels during 26 July-1 September. Low-level Strombolian activity, including 100-200 earthquakes and gas explosions each day, continued to characterize activity at the volcano. On 26 July, gas-and-ash explosions reached heights of 400-600 m and occasionally 1,000-1,200 m above the crater every 5-10 minutes on average. Lava continued to flow from the crater (BGVN 23:04 and 23:06). The color-coded hazard status remained at Yellow.

Information Contacts: Olga Chubarova, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory.

October 1998 (BGVN 23:10) Cite this Report

Strombolian eruptions and elevated seismicity continue

On 5 October, the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team reported that seismicity remained above background level. The low-level Strombolian eruptive activity that has characterized the volcano for more than two years continued. About 100-200 earthquakes and gas explosions occurred every day.

On 24 October Tass reported that a Russian-Japanese expedition of volcanologists had finished their work on Karymsky. The participants had spent two weeks at a location 3 km from the mountain studying seismic, acoustic, and other phenomena related to the eruption.

Information Contacts: Olga Chubarova, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory.

November 1998 (BGVN 23:11) Cite this Report

Strombolian eruptions continue, ash column seen on 24 November

Seismicity remained above background levels during 1 November-7 December. Low-level Strombolian activity, including 100-200 earthquakes and gas explosions each day, continued to characterize activity at the volcano. On 24 November a pilot in the vicinity reported an explosive event that sent an ash column 6 km above the summit. The color-coded hazard status remained at Yellow.

Information Contacts: Olga Chubarova, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory.

December 1998 (BGVN 23:12) Cite this Report

Satellite image shows ash plume 16 December

Seismicity remains elevated. The low-level Strombolian eruptive activity that has characterized the volcano for the past two years continued during December. About 300-400 earthquakes and gas explosions occur every day. Satellite imagery on 16 December showed an ash-poor plume extending 200 km E. No change in seismicity was noticed. The level of concern color code remained yellow.

Information Contacts: Vladimir Kirianov, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory.

January 1999 (BGVN 24:01) Cite this Report

Strombolian eruptions continue; thermal anomaly seen on satellite image

The low-level Strombolian eruptive activity that has characterized Karymsky for more than two years continued during January. About 300-400 earthquakes and gas explosions occur every day. The color-coded alert level continued at yellow.

Satellite imagery obtained by Alaska Volcano Observatory from 14 January showed a strong thermal anomaly on the volcano, but no change in seismicity was noticed. Seismic information for 28-31 January was not available owing to technical problems.

Information Contacts: Olga Chubarova, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory.

March 1999 (BGVN 24:03) Cite this Report

Ash eruptions continue during February

Seismicity remained above background during February and March, and the Level of the Concern Color Code remained at Yellow. Low-level Strombolian eruptive activity that has characterized the volcano for more than 3 years continued with ~150-200 daily earthquakes and gas explosions.

An ash plume observed on 10 February rose ~5 km above the summit. Satellite images on 15 and 17 February showed a thermal anomaly. Small earthquakes close to Karymsky Lake began to be recorded on 7 February. According to a pilot's report, an ash plume on the morning of 25 February rose as high as 3,500 m.

Information Contacts: Olga Chubarova, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry; Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory.

July 1999 (BGVN 24:07) Cite this Report

Ongoing explosions resume 7 August after brief quiet

The low-level Strombolian eruptive activity that has characterized the volcano for more than three years continued from 24 May through 26 July. Earthquakes and gas explosions ranged over 25-70/day until 5 July when seismicity began decreasing to just above background levels. During the week of 5 July to 12 July, the number of earthquakes and gas explosions decreased to ~5-10/day. Probable pyroclastic flows occurred on 24 and 25 July. Overall activity continued to decrease and on 2 August, after more than 3 years of eruptive activity, the volcano returned to its normal state.

However, on 5 August, seismicity under the volcano increased and more than 70 weak to moderate gas explosions were recorded. On 7 August, after 10 days of quiescence, eruptive activity was renewed and the number of explosions exceeded 300/day.

Eco-tourists visited the volcano between 8 and 10 July (guided by Guy de Saint-Cyr of Aventure et Volcans of Lyon, France and Alexei Choustrov of Top Sport Travel, St. Petersburg, Russia) and reportedly made helicopter flights above the crater and a landing at their base camp. For 8 July the group reported no visible activity in the central crater and a very viscous lava flow (Merapi type) with some incandescent zones escaping from the collapsed part of the crater. But at 1705 on 9 July, they noted a violent detonation with simultaneous explosions on the two summit craters and a ~200-m-diameter eruptive column rising vertically to ~700 m altitude. All of Karymsky volcano disappeared under an ash cloud with a shower of 1-m³-sized blocks crashing down and rolling to the foot of the cone and halting less than 100 m from their base camp. According to their report, from 2000 on 9 July to 0600 on 10 July, an active lava flow accumulated at the foot on the W side of the crater.

Information Contacts: Olga Chubarova, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia; Tom Miller, Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a cooperative program of a) U.S. Geological Survey, 4200 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508-4667, USA (URL: http://www.avo.alaska.edu/), b) Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, PO Box 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7320, USA, and c) Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 794 University Ave., Suite 200, Fairbanks, AK 99709, USA.

November 1999 (BGVN 24:11) Cite this Report

Eruptive activity gradually decreases, then stops in late December

The low-level strombolian eruptive activity that has characterized the volcano for more than three years gradually decreased after August until seismicity returned to background levels, and by late December there were no explosions. The eruption began on 2 January 1996 (BGVN 21:01) following an eruption from the Akademia Nauk caldera lake the previous day.

During the week of 9-15 August, steam-and-ash plumes were observed in satellite imagery extending as far as 75 km downwind at an altitude of 500-1,000 m above the crater. The number of gas-and-ash explosions was still more than 300/day the next week, with the plume rising 300-600 m above the volcano. During the last week of August through 5 September, the number of explosions was more than 75/day, with plumes to heights of 300-1,000 m above the volcano. Visual observations by KVERT staff on 1 and 5 September confirmed that explosive activity occurred every 10-20 minutes.

The number of gas-and-ash explosions decreased from 130 on 6 September to 80 on the 12th, but the plumes continued to rise 300-1,000 m above the volcano. That rate continued until the week of 20-26 September, when the average number of daily explosions decreased to 60. The number of explosions was 60-75/day during the next two-week reporting periods, through 10 October. During the week of 11-17 October the explosion rate decreased once again, to 20-35/day, although plume heights remained at 300-1,000 m. The number of explosions increased slightly, to 20-50/day, during 5-18 November, but then dropped the following week to 10-20/day and then only 2-5/day. During the week ending on 2 December, gas and ash explosions numbered 1-10/day.

The nearest seismic station (KRY) was out of order during 4-18 December. According to the regional seismic network, no strong events occurred during that period. The station was restored to operation on 19 December. As of 30 December seismicity at the volcano had decreased to background levels. About 1-2 local earthquakes occur every day and the volcano has returned to its normal state. At the end of December seismicity was at background levels of about 1-2 local earthquakes/day.

April 2000 (BGVN 25:04) Cite this Report

Low-level eruptive activity; intense ash-and-gas explosions in April

This report covers the period from January-April 2000. As of 28 April 2000, KVERT (Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team) temporarily suspended operations because of a lack of funding. Throughout January and early February, seismicity was at background levels with about 1-5 small local earthquakes each day. However, after two months of quiescence, seismic activity beneath the volcano renewed at 0635 on 12 February; seismic data indicated the occurrence of a probable, short-lived gas-and-ash (or gas) explosion as a 5-minute-long seismic signal was recorded by the nearest seismic station (KRY). As a result of this activity, the hazard level was raised to Yellow.

Following this event, an average of 5-10 seismic events/hour occurred, mainly corresponding to explosions along with a few blowouts and pyroclastic flow (?) signals. After 1200 on 15 February, seismicity increased to 40 events/hour. A continuous series of seismic events (pyroclastic flows?) were registered from 1620 to 1810 on 15 February, but satellite images at 1715 and 1855 that day did not show a plume rising above the weather clouds at ~4 km altitude. From 1800 on 15 February to 1340 on 16 February, activity varied from 40-60 events/hour at the end of which a new 80-minute-long series of seismic events was registered. Subsequently, during 1500-1750, 200 events occurred and, at 1750, strong low-frequency, 4-minute-long events were registered. Activity decreased from 40 to 20 events/hour from 1800 on 16 February until 1200 on 17 February. A satellite image from 0630 on 17 February, the first clear image that the Alaska Volcano Observatory had received since the increase of activity on 12 February, showed no plume, but a thermal anomaly covered at least four pixels with a maximum temperature of 40°C.

The low-level Strombolian eruptive activity that has characterized the volcanism for much of the past four years continued for the remainder of February and throughout March. The number of gas-and-ash explosions decreased from 600/day to 25/day during late February. From 1230 to 1620 on 18 February weak volcanic tremor was registered. According to pilot reports on 20 and 21 February, these explosions sent material up to 1,500 m above the volcano. The number of gas-and-ash explosions varied from 5 to 300/day (although 5-50/day was most typical) through March; suspected small pyroclastic flows were occasionally detected.

At 0625 and 2336 on 3 April and 0743 on 4 April, seismic data indicated short-lived ash-and-gas explosions more intense than those previously recorded. These explosions probably occurred during 3-6-minute-long seismic events recorded by the nearest seismic station (KRY). However, during the following week, no more than three small events/day were recorded and the hazard level was returned to Green. This level of activity continued through April with occasional 2-15-minute-long seismic events, related rock avalanches, and possible short-lived explosions.

September 2000 (BGVN 25:09) Cite this Report

Likely pyroclastic flow on 25 June; increase in seismic events and explosions

This report covers Karymsky's activity from June through mid-October 2000. KVERT (Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team) resumed reports at the beginning of June after a month-long shutdown due to funding deficiencies. The seismic events per day and number of explosions varied throughout the period, but decreased to background levels by the end of September. On 10 June, 25 short-lived weak explosions occurred, although the average number of explosions per day during that week remained low. During 19-29 June, seismicity increased when up to 17 events occurred per day. The number of weak explosions also increased during 19-29 June when up to six explosions occurred per day. On the afternoon of 25 June intense explosions were recorded that suggested a pyroclastic flow. Other than this, no significant volcanic activity occurred. KVERT maintained the Level of Concern Color Code at Green for the entire interval.

August 2001 (BGVN 26:08) Cite this Report

Increased seismicity from December 2000 through September 2001

Since the activity reported from June through mid-October 2000 (BGVN 25:09), the Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that seismic activity at Karymsky remained mostly at background levels, with a few episodes of increased seismicity.

On 20 December 2000 around 0915 shallow earthquakes under the volcano were accompanied by short-lived explosions. At 2150 the same day a pilot confirmed the presence of ash at the summit of the volcano and mud traces from melting snow on the edifice slopes. The Concern Color Code was increased from Green (volcano is dormant; normal seismicity and fumarolic activity) to Yellow (volcano is restless; eruption may occur) until 29 December.

On 2 and 28 February several shallow seismic events took place, including a 5-minute-long series of weak shallow earthquakes on 28 February. During March, small shallow earthquakes and one episode of weak high-frequency spasmodic tremor were registered. On 12 March a high-frequency signal lasted for 90 minutes. On 28 March, from 1205 to 1300, an intense series of earthquakes with magnitudes up to ~3 was registered. Several local low-frequency earthquakes occurred during the end of March and beginning of April. Around 20 April, more than 40 earthquakes with magnitudes up to ~2.5 occurred. Since then through at least September 2001, seismic activity at Karymsky has remained at background levels with the exception of 23 August, when 30 earthquakes were registered.

General Reference. Khrenov, A.P., and others, 1982, Eruptive activity of Karymsky Volcano over the period of 10 Years (1970-1980): Volcanology and Seismology, no. 4, p. 29-48. Tokarev, P.I., 1990, Eruptions and seismicity at Karymskii volcano in 1965-1986: Volcanology and Seismology, v. 11, p. 117-134 (in English).

March 2002 (BGVN 27:03) Cite this Report

Elevated seismicity; possible explosions and avalanches in March 2002

Episodes of increased seismicity occurred during December 2000 through September 2001 (BGVN 26:08). Since then seismic activity at Karymsky has remained mostly above background levels. The Concern Color Code remained at Yellow ("volcano is restless") through at least late March 2002. Apparent steam plumes were seen in satellite imagery during January-March 2002.

On 4 January 2002, the Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported above-background seismicity during the previous week, with 40 to 80 weak local earthquakes occurring per day. Several shallow seismic events suggested gas-ash explosions. Beginning at 1200 on 10 January the number of local earthquakes increased noticeably. During 11-14 January about 200 weak local shallow seismic events occurred per day.

During late January through at least March 2002, the seismic station typically recorded approximately 10 local shallow earthquakes per hour. Around 24 January, the earthquakes became slightly stronger. The character of the seismicity during mid-March suggested weak ash-gas explosions and avalanches.

The Tokyo VAAC reported that on 1 February at 1810 an eruption produced an ash cloud that reached ~7.5 km above the summit and drifted to the E; however, the cloud was not visible on satellite imagery. On 13 February at 0945 a pilot reported an ash cloud to ~3.5 km above the volcano extending to the W. Again, this cloud was not visible on satellite imagery; it may have been a single burst that dissipated rapidly.

No ash was detected in satellite images during the report period; only steam and possible airborne volcanic aerosols were visible during late February. Thermal anomalies and plumes were visible on AVHRR satellite imagery throughout the report period (table 1).

Table 1. Thermal anomalies and plumes visible on AVHRR satellite imagery at Karymsky during January through March 2002. Courtesy KVERT.

Date	Time (local)	Size (pixels)	Max. band-3 temperature	Background temperature	Visible plume
19 Jan 2002	1659	2	31.6°C	-21°C	--
19 Jan-25 Jan 2002	2-4	-3.7 to 35.0°C	-16 to -25°C	--
21 Jan 2002	1614	--	--	--	Steam plume extending 45 km SE
27 Jan 2002	1711	1	47.7°C	-22°C	--
28 Jan 2002	1646	--	--	--	Small steam plume extending 30 km NE
03 Feb-08 Feb 2002	--	2-10	49.7 to -7°C	-15 to -30°C	--
05 Feb-06 Feb 2002	--	--	--	--	Steam plume extending 100-150 km E
08 Feb 2002	0536	4	5.7°C	-22°C	--
13 Feb 2002	0538	4	0.1°C	-23°C	--
13 Feb 2002	1202	4	-1.7°C	-22 to -28°C	--
13 Feb 2002	1708	4	~49°C	-20°C	20-km long steam plume moving SW
14 Feb 2002	1644	5	39°C	-8°C	Small plume extending N
17 Feb 2002	0544	1	-3°C	-22°C	--
18 Feb 2002	1649	4	32°C	-10°C	Short plume extending NE
19 Feb 2002	1622	--	--	--	Small steam plume extending 100 km E
20 Feb 2002	0613	4	24.9°C	-24°C	--
21 Feb 2002	0550	4	-4.2°C	-25°C	--
22 Feb-01 Mar 2002	--	1-4	12 to 40°C	-10 to -27°C	--
22 Feb 2002	1650	--	--	--	Very diffuse cloud observed that could be related to volcanic aerosols
27 Feb 2002	1635	--	--	--	20-km long faint steam plume extended E
02 Mar-08 Mar 2002	--	1-4	1 to 15°C	-17 to -24°C	--
06 Mar 2002	1708	--	--	--	Bifurcated steam plume; first branch extended 10 km NE and the second branch extended 20 km SE
16 Mar-22 Mar 2002	--	2-4	-6.8 to 35.6°C	0 to -20°C	--
19 Mar-20 Mar 2002	--	--	--	--	Small steam/aerosol plume extending SE
22, 25 Mar 2002	--	1-3	-6.8 and 14°C	-20°C	--

General Reference. Khrenov, A.P., and others, 1982, Eruptive activity of Karymsky Volcano over the period of 10 Years (1970-1980): Volcanology and Seismology, no. 4, p. 29-48.

Tokarev, P.I., 1990, Eruptions and seismicity at Karymskii volcano in 1965-1986: Volcanology and Seismology, v. 11, p. 117-134 (in English).

June 2002 (BGVN 27:06) Cite this Report

Explosions eject ash to 3 km above summit during April and July 2002

Seismicity at Karymsky was above background during late March through at least mid-July 2002. Local shallow events occurred at the same rate previously reported in BGVN 27:03 (~10 events per hour). The rate increased briefly during mid-May to ~10-15 events per hour. The character of the seismicity indicated that weak gas-and-ash explosions and avalanches possibly occurred. Thermal anomalies and occasional plumes were visible on satellite imagery throughout the report period (table 2).

Table 2. Thermal anomalies and plumes visible on AVHRR satellite imagery at Karymsky during 30 March-9 July 2002. No airborne ash was detected in any image. Courtesy KVERT.

Date	Time (local)	Size (pixels)	Max. band-3 temperature	Background temperature	Visible plume
30 Mar 2002	--	--	13°C	-15 to -20°C	--
31 Mar 2002	--	--	--	--	Faint thermal anomaly visible through cloud cover.
09 Apr 2002	--	4	29°C	0°C	--
12 Apr-19 Apr 2002	--	2-5	--	--	--
17 Apr 2002	1807	2	29°C	-3°C	Faint aerosol/steam plume trended SE.
20 Apr 2002	--	3	23°C	-5 to -20°C	--
22 Apr 2002	--	5	30°C	3°C	--
26 Apr-03 May 2002	--	1-6	42°C	0- ~10°C	Possible faint aerosol/steam plume trended SE, visible at 1704 on 28 April.
03 May 2002	--	3-4	13.4°C	-8°C	--
04 May 2002	--	3-4	40°C	-1°C	Small aerosol/steam plume visible trended S at 1800.
09 May 2002	1740	2	37.5°C	4°C	Faint ash-and-gas plume visible extended 20 km to the SE.
10 May-17 May 2002	--	2-4	~50°C	2-7°C	--
10 May 2002	0727	--	--	--	Ash-and-steam plume visible trended 50 km to the S.
13 May 2002	1744	--	--	--	Faint steam/aerosol plume extended ~60 km to the SE.
20 May 2002	--	1	16°C	-2°C	Faint plume extended 30 km to the SE at 0647.
22 May 2002	--	2	~49°C	7°C	--
24 May 2002	0651	3	16.4°C	-2°C	--
01 Jun 2002	--	1	11°C	0°C	--
02 Jun 2002	--	3	49°C	6°C	--
09 Jun 2002	0708	2-4	43.5°C	-1.5°C	--
15 Jun 2002	--	3	~49°C	17°C	Karymsky lake visible on image at temperature of 33.6°C, six pixels square, warmest to the W.
20 Jun 2002	--	3	38°C	17°C	--
23, 25, 27 Jun 2002	--	1-3	10 - ~49°C	1 - 18°C	Steam/gas plume extended 35 km to the W on 25 June.
29 Jun-30 Jun 2002	--	1-4	15 - ~49°C	-4 - 25°C	--
01 Jul-02 Jul 2002	--	--	--	--	Small steam plume extended ~50 km to the NE on 1 July.
06, 08-09 Jul 2002	--	1-3	~25 - 31°C	5 - 11.5°C	--

According to a pilot's report, at 1115 on 15 April an explosion ejected ash to a height of 3.0 km above the volcano. MODIS imagery on 17 April revealed at least five traces of ashfall extending to ~25 km in various directions.

During a helicopter flight on 28 April, observers reported an ash explosion to 500 m above the crater. Ash deposits were visible on the W (most intense) and E flanks of the volcano. A new ~100-m-high cone was visible on 28 April inside the active crater.

On 10 May the new cone was visible along with a lava flow 1.3 km down the S-SW slope of the volcano (figure 9). It reached ~300 m wide. The flow was unusual because it had an andesitic composition, rather than the typical basaltic composition that was common in lava flows down the SW flank during 1996-2000. Seismic data on 29 June indicated a possible ash-and-gas explosion to a height of ~4.0 km at 1631. On 9 July at 1032, a helicopter pilot reported a plume to a height of 3.0 km. The Concern Color Code remained at Yellow throughout the report period.

Figure 9. View of Karymsky from a helicopter on 10 May 2002. The billowing plume at the time of this photo concealed the new intracrater cone at the summit; winds carried the plume approximately ENE. The active crater generated a conspicuous lava flow down the S-SW slope that reached ~1.3 km long and ~300 m wide (~ 20% of its length continued beyond the lower right-hand margin of this photo). Caption help courtesy of Victor Ivanov (Institute of Volcanology). Photo by Nikolay I. Seliverstov (Institute of Volcanology); provided courtesy of KVERT.

Information Contacts: Olga Chubarova, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia; Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC),Tokyo, Japan (URL: http://www.ospo.noaa.gov/Products/atmosphere/vaac/).

September 2002 (BGVN 27:09) Cite this Report

3-km-high plumes, seismicity, and three new lava flows through September 2002

Frequent plumes (including 15 April and 9 July ash clouds to 3.0 km above the volcano), a new intracrater cone, and a 1.3-km-long lava flow were seen during 1 January-9 July 2002 (BGVN 27:03 and 27:06). This report first highlights events described in 10 July-September 2002 updates. During this interval Karymsky produced 3-km-tall plumes, restless seismicity, and three new lava flows. Next, a separate section of this report presents photos of Karymsky and adjacent Akademia Nauk caldera taken in September 2000 and in May 2002. This report also cites a fundamental reference volume on the topic of the 1996 eruption, Fedotov (1998), which includes a preface and ten papers.

Activity during 10 July-September 2002. Seismicity during this interval generally stood well above background levels, very often at a value of ~10 earthquakes per hour. During nearly every week of the reporting interval, geophysicists suggested that the character of the seismicity might indicate weak ash-and-gas explosions and avalanches. Weak thermal anomalies were often observed on AVHRR satellite imagery and, in the majority of cases, no ash was detected. In contrast, satellite imagery on 25 July indicated a possible, small, SW-directed ash plume. On 26 July, a thermal anomaly reached 2 pixels in size.

During 27 July-2 August, local, shallow seismic events decreased, dropping from 250 to 150 events per day. During 30 August-6 September and 13-24 September there were 200-300 local shallow earthquakes occurring per day (compared to 150-250 per day in August). In early September estimates suggested that explosions rose ~1 km above the summit.

Observations on 8 September revealed three new small lava flows on the volcano's S and SE slopes. On satellite imagery a thermal anomaly was visible but ash was not. The character of the seismicity indicated ash-and-gas explosions rising ~1 km above the volcano and gas blow-outs. On 16 September at 1217 a short-lived explosion created an ash-and-gas plume; observers on an aircraft aloft estimated the plume top's height at ~3 km altitude.

Photographs and brief retrospective on the 1996 eruption. Figures 10 and 11 provide overviews of the Karymsky stratovolcano (also written as Pra-Karymsky) and adjacent areas to the S on 26 September 2000 and 10 May 2002 respectively. Both these aerial photos were provided by Victor Ivanov (Russian Academy of Sciences). The former was taken ~4 years after the complex 1996 eruption (see BGVN 21:01-21:03 and 21:05; and Fedotov, 1998).

Figure 10. An aerial photo taken on 26 September 2000 looking towards the SSE and showing Karymsky stratovolcano (cone on the right), the low-lying portion of Akademia Nauk caldera containing Karymsky lake (in the upper center of the photo), Karymsky river (bright, light-colored zone cutting diagonally across the center and left), and Belyankin volcano (arc-shaped, in the upper-right corner). Prominent cliffs, part of the N-facing amphitheater of Dvor volcano, curve across the terrain well outboard of the stratovolcano (lower left-hand margin). The Karymsky river drains the lake from an outlet at the head of a conspicuous bay. The distance from the cone's summit to the lake's nearest margin is ~ 5 km. Courtesy of Victor Ivanov.

Figure 11. An aerial photo with Karymsky stratovolcano in the foreground, shot looking towards the S on 10 May 2002. Snow blankets considerable areas and ice covers Karymsky lake. During 1996-2000 many lava flows covered the stratovolcano's SW slope. On 10 May there were fresh andesitic lavas descending the W flank reaching ~ 1.3 km in length and ~ 300 m in maximum width (labeled "2002 lavas" and "Front"). Haze in this photo is partly due to erupted ash suspended in the atmosphere. A separate photo the same day captured Karymsky with a billowing, light-colored plume (figure 9 above). Courtesy of Victor Ivanov.

In overview, that eruption consisted of a 1 January 1996 earthquake swarm (with events to M 6.9) followed a day later with simultaneous eruptions from two vents 6 km apart, one at the stratovolcano's summit, the other at Akademia Nauk caldera in the N end of Karymsky lake. The latter consisted of a submarine phreatomagmatic eruption that deposited a low conical ring composed of pyroclastics. The subaerial portion of those deposits encircled the vent forming a ~600-m-wide crater in the cone's center. The cone also extended to the lake shore, thus forming a peninsula. The eruptive event included or was associated with base surges, tsunamis, surface ruptures, and secondary eruptions on the new peninsula. The eruption also left the lake with pH of 3.2 and its outlet into the Karymsky river obstructed by the new deposits. Several months later the new deposits eroded, resulting in massive mudflows down the Karymsky river. At the submarine vent eruptive products were predominantly basaltic; some fine ash was andesitic; late-stage rhyolites occasionally formed inclusions within basalts and bombs with basaltic jackets.

The photos were taken from perspectives on the volcano's N side. Several months after the dam-breaking event, the partly eroded pyroclastic deposits took the form of a squat U-shaped peninsula with two arms extending hundreds of meters into the lake. The circular segment along the middle of the peninsula's shoreline is part of the original cone's arcuate rim. Towards the left of the peninsula lies a conspicuous bay that leads to the outflow channel and the Karymsky river (the latter is most apparent on figure 10). Figure 11 shows that two years later the pyroclastic deposits in the lake more closely resemble lines rather than broad zones due to the partial cover of ice and snow.

The 1996 eruption at Karymsky and the Akademia Nauk caldera may have been a response to the injection of fresh basaltic magma from a deeper magmatic source. Later stages of the eruption at Karymsky have continued more than 6 years through this reporting interval.

During the underwater eruption in 1996 all of the lake's ice was broken and melted. Along the lake shore many new hot springs appeared. After the underwater eruption on the bottom of the lake many sources of heat and degassing appeared. The eruption triggered an ecological catastrophe during which all fish in the lake died.

During the winter 1996-1997 the water of the lake remained warm and devoid of ice. Usually ice completely disappears only in June or July. Lake ice returned in subsequent winters. Figure 10 (26 September 2000) shows light-colored patterns on the lake's surface that signify the presence of local ice accumulating there with the approach of winter. Figure 11 documents the dominance of ice on Karymsky lake's surface, still intact from the previous winter when photographed. The May 2002 lake surface also contained some ice-free zones. Their presence suggested the continued existence of post-eruptive heat sources on the lake bottom. These areas were possibly rich in algae and micro-organisms.

Reference. S. A. Fedotov, S.A., 1998, The 1996 eruption in the Karymsky volcanic center and related events: Special issue of Volcanology and Seismology, v. 19, no. 5, p. 521-767 (L.N. Rykunov, Ed. in Chief; Preface and 10 papers; English translation), Gordon & Breach Science Publishers (ISBN 0742-0463).

Information Contacts: Olga Chubarova, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia; Victor Ivanov, Institute of Volcanology Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia.

May 2003 (BGVN 28:05) Cite this Report

Frequent ash plumes generated from October 2002 through May 2003

According to the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), the alert level Color Code remained at Yellow (volcano is restless; eruption may occur) from October 2002 to 27 February 2003, when it was dropped to Green (volcano is dormant; normal seismicity and fumarolic activity). The level was raised again to Yellow in March, lowered to Green on 29 March, and raised to Yellow on 18 April, where it remained through May. Seismicity was above background levels until 20 February, after which it fluctuated between at and above background levels until 16 May, when seismicity remained above background levels. All times are local (= UTC + 11 hours, + 12 hours after 26 October).

Activity during October 2002. From 4 to 31 October, ~200-250 local shallow seismic events occurred per day. The character of the seismicity indicated ash-and-gas explosions to heights of 1,000 m above the volcano (~2,500 m altitude) and gas blow-outs. A faint 10-km-long plume extending SSE was visible in an AVHRR satellite image; no ash was detected. Seismicity on 25-26 October indicated possible vigorous gas emissions lasting 5-10 minutes, with the probability of a lava flow. At 1350 on 31 October, pilots reported that an ash plume rose 4 km and extended SE. According to seismic data from the Kamchatka Experimental and Methodical Seismological Department (KEMSD), the character of seismicity after 1400 on 31 October indicated a moving lava flow. At 1314 on 31 October, the MODIS satellite image showed a large bright thermal anomaly at the volcano and a plume ~60 km long that extended WSW. At 1100 on 1 November, pilots reported that an ash plume rose 4 km and extended SE.

Activity during November 2002. Local shallow seismic events totaled ~200-250 each day. The character of the seismicity indicated ash-and-gas explosions to heights of 1,000-2,000 m above the volcano and vigorous gas emissions lasting 5-10 minutes. At 1605 on 1 November, a 50-km-long plume was observed extending E in satellite imagery; no ash was detected. According to data from KEMSD, at 2357 on 20 November, a seismic event lasting 20 minutes indicated that ash explosions to heights of 1,000 m above the crater and hot avalanches possibly occurred. On 27 November, a >100-km gas-and-steam plume extending ESE from the crater of the volcano was observed in MODIS satellite imagery. Helicopter observations by KVERT scientists at 1151 on 1 December identified an ash plume to ~500 m above the crater extending SE.

Activity during December 2002. Local shallow seismic events totaled ~190-230 each day. The character of seismicity indicated that ash-gas explosions to heights of 1,000 m above the volcano (~2,500 m altitude) and vigorous gas emissions lasting 5-10 minutes were possibly occurring. The top of the volcano and its SE flank were covered with recent ashfall and debris from continuing Vulcanian / Strombolian eruptions. The old crater was covered by the new cinder-ash cone. On 12 December, two sectors of ash falls extending S and SE from the volcano were noted in a MODIS satellite image.

Activity during January 2003. Local shallow seismic events totaled ~110-200 each day. The character of seismicity indicated that ash-gas explosions to heights of 1,000 m above the volcano (~2,500 m or 8,200 ft. ASL) and vigorous gas emissions lasting 5-10 minutes were possibly occurring. From 1559 until 1609 on 8 January, a series of shallow events that possibly indicated hot avalanches were registered. On 9 January, a ~50-km plume extending ESE from the volcano was noted.

Activity during February 2003. The alert level Color Code remained at Yellow until 27 February, when it was lowered to Green (volcano is dormant; normal seismicity and fumarolic activity). According to satellite data from Russia, a weak thermal anomaly was noted on 3 February. Seismic activity was at background levels on 20-23 February.

Activity during March 2003. The alert level Color Code was raised to Yellow as the activity of the volcano slightly increased. Seismic activity was at background levels on 13-18 March and slightly above background levels on 19 March when seismic data indicated possible hot avalanches. Weak volcanic earthquakes were also registered on this day. According to MODIS-satellite data from Russia and the USA, ash deposits extending more than 30 km SW from the volcano on 17-20 March and gas-steam plumes drifting more than 15 km NW and SW on 18 March and on 20 March, respectively, were noted. Seismic activity dropped to background levels for the week of 20 March. According to satellite data from Russia, a weak thermal anomaly was observed on 25 March, and a gas-and-steam plume extending 10 km ESE was noted on 28 March. According to helicopter observations on 31 March by the Institute of Volcanology (IV), Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, the large old active crater of the volcano and its black ESE flank were noted, but the new cinder-ash cone was not seen. This cone was probably destroyed and its products formed ash-deposits extending >35 km ESE, which were noted on the 17-18 March MODIS-satellite images.

Activity during April 2003. The alert level Color Code was dropped to Green during the week of 29 March-4 April, when seismic activity was at background levels. Seismicity rose above background levels during the week of 18-24 April, when ~40-100 volcanic earthquakes per day were recorded, and the hazard status was raised to Yellow. The character of the seismicity indicated ash-and-gas explosions up to 1,000 m above the crater. According to satellite data from Russia, ash deposits up to 35 km or longer extended in different directions on 19-22 April. According to observers from IV, on 18-24 April occasional ash-gas explosions up to 2,500 m above the crater occurred each day, and on 21 April, an ash-gas plume rose 1,500 m. Seismic activity was above background levels on 24-27 April and at background levels on 27-30 April. During 24-26 April 50-100 volcanic earthquakes per day were registered. The character of the seismicity indicated that three eruption events (possibly ash-and-gas explosions and rock avalanches) occurred on 24 April. According to satellite data from Russia, wide ash deposits longer than 35 km and three narrow ash deposits less than 5 km long extending SE and W and SW from the volcano, respectively, were noted on 25 April and 28-29 April. According to observers from IV FED RAS, on 24 April, an ash-gas plume rose 2,500 m above the crater.

Activity during May 2003. The alert level Color Code remained at Yellow for the month, with intermittent explosive eruptions continuing. Occasional explosions up to 1,500 m above the volcano, producing ash, were considered to be possible, as well as ashfall within a few tens of kilometers. Seismic activity was at background levels during 3-16 May. According to satellite data from Russia, the summit of the volcano was black on 4 May. For the week of 10-16 May, seismic data indicated that 10 ash-and-gas explosions reached heights up to 1,000 m above the crater, and hot avalanches possibly occurred. According to satellite data from the USA and Russia, a weak 1-pixel thermal anomaly on 14 May, and strips of ash deposits extending >10 km to the S, SSE and SE on 14-15 May were noted. Seismicity was above background levels on 16-30 May.

During 18-21 May, 150-320 local shallow events occurred per day. The character of the seismicity indicated ash-and-gas explosions to heights of 1,000 m above the volcano, gas blow-outs and hot avalanches. According to satellite data from the USA and Russia, a 2-4-pixel thermal anomaly was observed during 18-22 May. Ash deposits on snow E and SE of the volcano were noted on 18 May. Gas-steam plumes extending up to 45 km NE and N of the volcano on 19 and 21 May were noted. For the week of 24-30 May, 280-330 local shallow seismic events occurred per day. The character of the seismicity indicated ash-and-gas explosions to heights of 1,000 m and gas blow-outs. A thermal anomaly continued to be observed. On 25-26 May, gas-and-steam plumes extending 15-115 km SSE from the volcano were noted. Ash deposits on the snow in a different direction from the volcano were noted on 26-27 May.

Information Contacts: Olga Girina, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), a cooperative program of the Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia, the Kamchatka Experimental and Methodical Seismological Department (KEMSD), GS RAS (Russia), and the Alaska Volcano Observatory (USA); Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a cooperative program of a) U.S. Geological Survey, 4200 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508-4667, USA (URL: http://www.avo.alaska.edu/), b) Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, PO Box 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7320, USA, and c) Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, 794 University Ave., Suite 200, Fairbanks, AK 99709, USA.

July 2003 (BGVN 28:07) Cite this Report

May-July ash plumes; affiliated seismicity and satellite thermal anomalies

Dark ash was observed on the NE, SE, and W flanks of the volcano on 30 May in a MODIS (moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer) Terra image. Intermittent explosive eruptive activity at Karymsky occurred from early June into mid-August 2003, with seismic activity above background levels. Between 90 and 270 local shallow events occurred per day. The character of the seismicity indicated that ash-and-gas explosions to heights of 1,000-2,000 m above the volcano (2,500-3,500 m altitude) and gas blow-outs possibly occurred. On the morning of 17 July a strong, long duration (86 minutes), seismic event occurred that possibly resulted from a large pyroclastic flow or the onset of a new lava emission. Satellite data confirmed the continuing activity (table 3).

Table 3. Thermal anomalies at Karymsky from AVHHR (advanced very-high resolution radiometer) satellite images and visual observation during June and July 2003. Courtesy Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT).

Date(s)	Thermal Anomaly (pixels)	Comments
03 Jun 2003	2 (faint)	No ash plume observed
22-24 Jun 2003	1-4	--
27 Jun 2003	--	Short narrow plume to NE
28-30 Jun 2003	1-4	--
04, 06-09 Jul 2003	1-4	--
14-15 Jul 2003	2-3	--
13, 16 Jul 2003	2-5	No ash plumes observed
19 Jul 2003	--	Ash plume to SW
25, 27-29 Jul 2003	1-3	--

Information Contacts: Olga Girina, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), a cooperative program of the Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia, the Kamchatka Experimental and Methodical Seismological Department (KEMSD), GS RAS (Russia), and the Alaska Volcano Observatory (USA); Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, 4200 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508-4667, USA (URL: http://www.avo.alaska.edu/), the Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, PO Box 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7320, USA, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, 794 University Ave., Suite 200, Fairbanks, AK 99709, USA.

November 2003 (BGVN 28:11) Cite this Report

Intermittent explosions and elevated seismicity through November

From late August through 5 December seismic activity at Karymsky was above background levels (100-230 events per week) and intermittent explosions continued. The Level of Concern Color Code was Yellow through most of September and October, with a week at the higher Orange status during 3-10 October. The color code was raised to Orange again on 31 October and remained at that level through 5 December. Thermal anomalies identified in satellite data were usually 1-4 pixels in size, with a maximum of 6 pixels on 30 August, and 10, 11, 14, and 16 October. However, the weather was frequently cloudy after 12 September, obscuring observations.

Ash explosions rising up to 4.0 and 4.7 km were observed from aircraft on 29 August. About 2 hours of continuous spasmodic tremor (6.0 x 10^-6 m/s) on 30 August, followed by the detection of a thermal anomaly (6 pixels) less than an hour later, may have been caused by a pyroclastic flow.

On 9 and 10 September, continuous high-frequency spasmodic tremor and a series of shallow seismic events indicated possible ash-and-gas explosions to heights of 1.5-2.0 km above the volcano. A gas-and-steam plume extending 100 km E was noted on 9 September. On 14 September an ash-and-gas plume was seen rising 500 m above the crater. On 23 September there was an explosive ash plume up to 5 km altitude according to visual data from the Institute of Volcanology.

The number of shallow seismic events increased during 4-24 October to weekly highs of 350; these events indicated possible ash-and-gas explosions to heights of 1-1.5 km. Ash plumes extending 60 and 30 km SE and NE were observed on 4 and 7 October, respectively. An extensive gas-and-steam plume extending 85 km SE was noted on 10 October. Continuous high-frequency spasmodic tremor detected for almost an hour on 10 October probably indicated pyroclastic flows. Ash plumes extending 45-50 km NW were observed on 16 October. On 31 October, a possible plume extending ~65 km NNE was observed in a satellite image. Gas-and-steam plumes with possible minor ash ~40-60 km long were detected on 20, 21, 24, and 26 November; clouds obscured the volcano on other days.

Information Contacts: Olga Girina, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), a cooperative program of the Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia, the Kamchatka Experimental and Methodical Seismological Department (KEMSD), GS RAS (Russia), and the Alaska Volcano Observatory (USA); Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, 4200 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508-4667, USA (URL: http://www.avo.alaska.edu/), the Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, PO Box 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7320, USA, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, 794 University Ave., Suite 200, Fairbanks, AK 99709, USA.

December 2003 (BGVN 28:12) Cite this Report

Late 2003 explosions to at least 3.5 km above summit

The intermittent explosions and elevated seismicity reported in BGVN 28:11 continued through December 2003. The Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) reported, for the period 28 November-5 December, that intermittent explosive eruptions emitted ash up to ~ 3.5 km altitude. The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported on 12 December 2003 that intermittent explosive eruptive activity at Karymsky was continuing, with occasional explosions sending ash up to 3.5 km above the volcano and local ashfall possible. Seismicity was above background levels, with 200-250 shallow long-period events per day during the previous week and possible ash-gas explosions rising up to 1-1.5 km above the volcano. Seismic data showed, at 0745 on December 5, a possible ash-gas explosion up to 4 km. Satellite data from 5-10 December showed a 1- to 5-pixel thermal anomaly over the volcano.

KVERT reported similar conditions for the week ending 19 December, with ash to 1-2.5 km above the crater and 160-240 events per day. On 16 December, they reported possible ash plumes up to 3 km above the crater and 1- to 5-pixel thermal anomalies on 11-17 December. These conditions continued during the week ending 26 December, with seismic events fluctuating at 40-200 per day and ash-and-gas plumes rising 1-2 km over the volcano. The number of earthquakes decreased during 18-20 December and increased during 21-24 December, with probable ash explosions to 3.5 km on 21 December.

At 0359 on 23 December and 1605 on 24 December possible explosions with pyroclastic flows were recorded. A 1- to 3-pixel thermal anomaly was observed by satellite on 21-22 and 24-25 December. For the week ending 2 January 2004, local shallow earthquakes took place 200-270 times per day with possible ash-gas explosions to 2-3.5 km. Possible explosions accompanied by pyroclastic flow were recorded on 25, 29, and 31 December; a 1- to 4-pixel thermal anomaly was also observed. On 29 December a very narrow gas-steam plume extended 97 km SE. The color code alert remained at orange during the month.

Information Contacts: Olga Girina, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), a cooperative program of the Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia, the Kamchatka Experimental and Methodical Seismological Department (KEMSD), GS RAS (Russia), and the Alaska Volcano Observatory (USA); Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, 4200 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508-4667, USA (URL: http://www.avo.alaska.edu/), the Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, PO Box 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7320, USA, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, 794 University Ave., Suite 200, Fairbanks, AK 99709, USA.

April 2004 (BGVN 29:04) Cite this Report

Intermittent gas-ash explosions and elevated seismicity continue

Intermittent explosions and seismicity above background levels, as also reported in BGVN28:11, continued from 1 January to mid-April 2004, a time interval when the Level of Concern remained at Orange. Occasional explosions occurred without warning, sending ash as high as ~ 7000 m altitude and yielding ashfall locally and beyond the volcano. Ash deposits were detected extending in essentially all directions on various days during the report period. Clouds frequently obscured visual observation of the volcano.

During January 2004 the daily number of local shallow earthquakes varied from lows of 40-80 to highs of 200-300. Similarly, in February, shallow events varied from lows of 30-40 to highs of 160-200. However, in March, particularly after the early part of the month, the highest daily numbers rose to 240-380. The highest daily numbers reached still higher during April, to as high as 300-470.

Up to five ash-gas explosions occurred on specific days during each month. These explosions sent plumes to altitudes of ~ 3-5 km during January (although pilot reports sometimes estimated higher plumes, to 5.5 to 7 km altitude). Plumes rose to ~ 2.5-6.5 km during February and March, and dropping to ~ 2.5-3.5 km during April. Thus, although more daily earthquakes occurred during April, the plume heights then appeared lower than in January-March.

During the week ending 16 January, an ash plume observed by pilots of a local airline rose to 7 km altitude and extended to the S-SW. Pilots also reported ash plumes rising up to 5.5 km altitude on 9 and12 February. On 11 February, an ash cloud rose to 10 km altitude and drifted 60 km from the volcano. Reports describing 20 February noted ash deposits extending about 35 km S.

According to satellite data from the USA and Russia, thermal anomalies of 1-4 pixels were observed during January and 1-6 pixels during February and March. However, the number of pixels increased from 1 to 10 during early April, the same period when the number of shallow earthquakes was increasing.

Information Contacts: Olga A. Girina, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), a cooperative program of the Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia, the Kamchatka Experimental and Methodical Seismological Department (KEMSD), GS RAS (Russia), and the Alaska Volcano Observatory (USA); Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, 4200 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508-4667, USA (URL: http://www.avo.alaska.edu/), the Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, PO Box 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7320, USA, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, 794 University Ave., Suite 200, Fairbanks, AK 99709, USA.

June 2005 (BGVN 30:06) Cite this Report

Several ash plumes, including two to ~ 8 km altitude, during mid-2005

During 1 January to mid-April 2004 (BGVN 29:04), ash-and-gas explosions and gas plumes were observed and seismicity remained generally above background levels. From May to the beginning of September 2004, seismic activity remained above background levels, varying over this time from 100-800 small shallow earthquakes per day. Ash-and-gas explosions and gas plumes to a maximum height of 7.5 km were frequent. On 1 September 2004 an increase in activity led the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT) to raise the Concern Color Code from Yellow to Orange. From September to December 2004, seismicity remained above background levels, and ash-and-gas explosions and ash plumes were frequent. On 12 November the hazard status was lowered to Yellow.

Increasing seismicity, rock avalanches and possible ash plumes to 2.5 km altitude led KVERT to raise the Concern Color Code to Orange again on 7 December 2004. On 28 December, an observed eruption at Karymsky produced a plume composed primarily of gas and steam, but with some ash, that rose to ~ 1 km above the crater. Thermal anomalies were also visible on satellite imagery on 27 and 28 December. On 30 December the Tokyo VAAC reported that a plume was present up to ~ 8 km altitude extending SW.

There were no seismic data from 12 December 2004 till late January 2005. Through January and February thermal anomalies were frequently visible on satellite imagery. Seismicity remained above background levels from February 2005 through July 2005.

Through March and April 2005, ash-and-gas explosions and gas plumes were frequent. Ash deposits extended 10-15 km S and SW of the volcano. On 20 April, volcanic bombs rose to 50 m above the crater, and ash fell to the NE on 21 April. On 26 and 27 April, Strombolian activity was seen in two of the volcano's craters; volcanic bombs rose to ~ 300 m above the craters. Ash fell to the SE on 22-23 April and pyroclastic-flow deposits were seen on the NNW flank of the volcano. During May 2005, ash-and-gas explosions and plumes were again frequent, and a thermal anomaly continued to be visible on satellite imagery.

Due to a decrease in seismic and volcanic activity during 3-10 June, KVERT decreased the alert level from Orange to Yellow. Seismic activity increased starting on 22 June. Ash explosions up to 3,000 m altitude traveling SW were observed by pilots. According to seismic data, about 10 ash-and-gas plumes and avalanches occurred at the volcano. On 23 June KVERT increased the alert level to Orange. Satellite imagery of Karymsky showed a narrow ash-and-gas plume at a height of ~ 3.5 km altitude on 30 June. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash-and-gas plumes may have reached 3 km above the crater.

The Tokyo VAAC posted four messages on Karymsky during the 90 days prior to 8 August 2005; in each, ash was not identifiable from satellite. The earliest, 18 May was similar to the last one, on 23 June. Both noted a reported plume to FL100 ('flight level 100' signifies 10,000 feet; 3.05 km altitude). Reports on 22 and 24 May both noted ash to FL 120 (3.65 km altitude).

Information Contacts: KVERT (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/kvert/); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo Aviation Weather Service Center, Haneda Airport 3-3-1, Ota-ku, Tokyo 144-0041, Japan (URL: https://ds.data.jma.go.jp/svd/vaac/data/).

November 2005 (BGVN 30:11) Cite this Report

Explosions continued during December 2004-June 2005

From December 2004 to June 2005 frequent explosions and plumes were detected at Karymsky (BGVN 30:06). In June 2005, the alert level was briefly lowered from Orange to Yellow because of a decrease in seismic and volcanic activity, but it was raised to Orange again on 23 June because of ash and gas plumes which rose to 3 km above the crater.

Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange and seismicity remained above background levels throughout August-December 2005.

Throughout July 2005 ash-and-gas plumes frequently may have risen to 1-3 km above the crater. During 8-15 July, 450-600 shallow earthquakes occurred daily. On 11 July, an ash-and-gas plume extended about 11 km SE. During 15-22 July, 350-700 shallow earthquakes occurred daily. On 22 July, a weak thermal anomaly and a short E-drifting ash-and-gas plume were visible on satellite imagery.

Seismic activity during August indicated frequent possible ash-and-gas plumes up to 4 km altitude. A MODIS satellite thermal anomaly was registered on 2 August. On 22 August, three ash plumes reached heights around 3-4 km altitude and extended ~ 130 km E. An ash plume was visible at an altitude of ~ 5.8 km on 27 August.

Small ash and gas plumes continued to be emitted in September. A thermal anomaly was visible at the volcano on satellite imagery on 15 September.

Visual observations on 17 October revealed that the lava dome in the volcano's crater had been partially destroyed. Based on seismic data, three ash-and-gas plumes may have risen to 2.5-4 km altitude during 14-16 October. Five ash-and-gas plumes may have reached heights of 2.5-3.5 km altitude on several days during the last week of October 2005. A thermal anomaly at the volcano was visible on satellite imagery.

The lava dome inside the volcano's crater continued to grow during November 2005. Based on seismic data, three gas plumes containing some ash possibly rose 3-3.8 km altitude during 29-31 October and 1 November. Ash plumes were visible on satellite imagery extending NE on 31 October and 2 November. During 4-11 November five gas-and-steam plumes with some ash may have reached heights of 3-3.5 km altitude.

No seismic data were available after 10 November. A thermal anomaly was visible at the volcano on 15 and 17 November. According to seismic data, many weak shallow earthquakes and possible gas-steam plumes with some amount of ash up to 2.5 km altitude were registered on 20-23 November. A thermal anomaly was noted over the volcano during the last week of November and the first week of December. According to satellite data from Russia and USA, ash clouds moving to the SE from the volcano were noted on 6-7 December.

After 3 December the availability of seismic data became very erratic. A thermal anomaly was registered on 9-11 December and 14-15 December. According to satellite data, ash plumes and clouds were noted on 9 and on 10 December, moving SW and SE, and SE and E, respectively.

During the third week of December, many weak shallow earthquakes and possibly ten ash plumes up to 3.6 km altitude were registered. According to Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT) volcanologists who work near Karymsky, ash explosions rose up to 2.5-3 km altitude on 17-21 December 2005, and extended WSW and ENE. A thermal anomaly was registered over the volcano on 15-21 December. Seismicity indicated that ash explosions from the summit crater continued.

Many weak shallow earthquakes were registered during the last week of December. Ash plumes rose up to 2.5-4 km altitude on 24 December and 26-27 December and extended mainly E and SE from the volcano, and occasionally SW. According to KVERT volcanologists, a new cone approximately 60-80 m in diameter was formed at the summit of Karymsky volcano. A small lava dome 20-30 m in diameter was seen in the cone's crater. According to satellite data from the USA and Russia, a thermal anomaly was registered over the volcano all week.

Information Contacts: Olga Girina, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), a cooperative program of the Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia, the Kamchatka Experimental and Methodical Seismological Department (KEMSD), GS RAS (Russia), and the Alaska Volcano Observatory (USA); Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, 4200 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508-4667, USA (URL: http://www.avo.alaska.edu/), the Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, PO Box 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7320, USA, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, 794 University Ave., Suite 200, Fairbanks, AK 99709, USA; Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) (URL: https://ds.data.jma.go.jp/svd/vaac/data/).

April 2006 (BGVN 31:04) Cite this Report

During April 2006, emerging ash plumes remained visible for up to 145 km

Karymsky was last reported on in BGVN 30:11. After frequent explosions from December 2004 to June 2005 (BGVN 30:06) a brief decrease in seismic and volcanic activity took place but this ended in late June when ash and gas plumes rose to 3 km above the crater. Seismicity remained above background levels throughout August-December 2005. During this period, ash and gas plumes and thermal anomalies were observed at the volcano.

Seismic activity indicated that ash explosions from the summit crater of Karymsky continued during 14-20 January 2006. Ash plumes extending 6-9 km S from the volcano were observed on 12 January and a thermal anomaly over the dome was observed during 13-15 January. According to seismic data, two possible ash plumes rose to 3.0-3.4 km altitude on 14-15 January.

According to reports from pilots of local airlines, ash emissions from Karymsky rose to 4-5 km altitude during 30-31 January. The ash plumes extended 13-29 km to the SW and SE, respectively. A thermal anomaly was visible at the lava dome during 27 January to 3 February, except when the volcano was obscured by clouds on 28 January. KVERT warned that activity from the volcano could affect nearby low-flying aircraft.

Strombolian activity continued through April 2006. During 10 February to 10 March, a large thermal anomaly was visible at the crater and numerous ash plumes were visible on satellite imagery extending as far as 140 km. On 9 March, a pilot reported an ash plume at a height of ~ 3 km altitude.

During 17-24 March, several ash plumes were visible on satellite imagery at a height of ~ 4 km altitude and extending SE and E. A thermal anomaly was seen at the volcano during periods of visibility. About 40-450 small earthquakes occurred daily.

During 7-14 April satellite imagery showed ash plumes extending ~ 40-145 km E and SE of the volcano, and a large thermal anomaly at the crater. Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange from January to April 2006.

Information Contacts: Olga Girina, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), a cooperative program of the Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia, the Kamchatka Experimental and Methodical Seismological Department (KEMSD), GS RAS (Russia), and the Alaska Volcano Observatory (USA); Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, 4200 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508-4667, USA (URL: http://www.avo.alaska.edu/), the Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, PO Box 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7320, USA, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, 794 University Ave., Suite 200, Fairbanks, AK 99709, USA; Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) (URL: https://ds.data.jma.go.jp/svd/vaac/data/).

July 2006 (BGVN 31:07) Cite this Report

Ash plumes reaching 5 km; ongoing eruptions through at least mid-2006

During April, May and June 2006, intermittent eruptive activity at Karymsky continued. Pilots had previously reported ash emissions from Karymsky rising to 3-5 km altitude during January to April 2006, during which time Karymsky remained at Concern Color Code Orange (BGVN 31:04). The same color code stayed in effect through August 2006.

Based on interpretations of April-June 2006 seismic data, ash plumes rose to altitudes of between 3 and 8 km. Satellite imagery showed a large thermal anomaly at the volcano's crater from January to August 2006, and numerous ash plumes and deposits extended 10-200 km SE and E of the volcano.

During 10-16 June 2006, 400-600 shallow earthquakes occurred daily. Ash plumes up to 5 km altitude traveling SE were observed by pilots. On 19 June, the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) on NASA's Terra satellite captured a false-color image of an ash plume from Karymsky (figure 12). During 21-27 June 200-700 shallow earthquakes occurred daily; during 23-30 June, 100-350 shallow earthquakes occurred daily.

Figure 12. Karymsky had been erupting several times a day for about a week prior to emitting this ash plume on 19 June 2006. The ASTER instrument on NASA's Terra satellite captured this false-color image. Red indicates vegetation, which is lush around the volcano but very sparse on its slopes. The water of Karymskoye Lake appears in blue. The volcano's barren sides are dark gray, and the volcanic plume and nearby haze appear in white or gray. Image courtesy of NASA; created by Jesse Allen, Earth Observatory, using expedited ASTER data provided the NASA/GSFC/MITI/ERSDAC/JAROS and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team.

According to the Tokyo VAAC, the Kamchatkan Experimental and Methodical Seismological Department (KEMSD) reported that during July 2006 ash plumes reached altitudes between 3 and 7 km. Approximately 100-350 shallow earthquakes occurred daily during 29 June to 3 July, and increased to 1,000 per day during 4-5 July.

Activity at Karymsky continued during 8-14 July, with 250-1000 shallow earthquakes occurring daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash plumes reached altitudes of 5 km.

During August 2006, 100-300 shallow earthquakes occurred daily. Based on interpretations of seismic data, ash plumes reached altitudes of 3-3.7 km.

Information Contacts: Olga Girina, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), a cooperative program of the Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia, the Kamchatka Experimental and Methodical Seismological Department (KEMSD), GS RAS (Russia), and the Alaska Volcano Observatory (USA); Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, 4200 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508-4667, USA (URL: http://www.avo.alaska.edu/), the Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, PO Box 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7320, USA, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, 794 University Ave., Suite 200, Fairbanks, AK 99709, USA; Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) (URL: https://ds.data.jma.go.jp/svd/vaac/data/).

November 2006 (BGVN 31:11) Cite this Report

Moderate ash explosions and continued dome growth

During late 2006 and into January 2007, ash explosions occurred from the summit crater at Karymsky, continuation of activity observed since the beginning of January 2006 (BGVN 31:04 and 31:07). This report covers activity during August 2006 to early January 2007.

The Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT) maintained the level of Concern Color Code at orange during the period of reporting, except for the temporary change to yellow during 8-15 September. Throughout this period the dome was a consistent source of thermal anomalies.

Ash plumes reached to ~3.0-3.7 km altitude throughout August 2006. Seismicity rose, with a maximum of 500 local shallow earthquakes per day the week of 18 August, and then lowered to 30-70 earthquakes per day the last week of August. Spasmodic tremor registered on 1-12 and 17 August. On 6 August an ash plume extending ~ 10-73 km E and SE was depicted on satellite data. Volcanic plume information sometimes stems from the Airport Meteorological Center (AMC) in Yelizovo (a town 40 km NE of the S-coast town of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky; the latter is the Peninsula's capital, largest city, and features both a major airport and a marine port). The AMC reported that on 16 August, pilots saw a Karymsky ash plume at ~6.5 km altitude that extended NE.

During September 2006, local shallow earthquakes occurred ~ 30-250 times per day. A satellite image for 12 September showed an ash plume extending ~140 km SE. On 10 September volcanologists observed from visual data an ash explosion of [~2.3 km] altitude. Other possible ash explosions were thought to occur toward the end of September 2006, reaching heights of ~2.5-4.5 km altitude.

Local seismicity peaked the last week of October with a maximum of 550 weak shallow earthquakes per day, but levels declined through November 2006. Possible ash explosions rising ~2.5-5.0 km altitude prevailed the month of October and during 10-11 and 18-19 November. On 25 October staff of the Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (IVS) observed a series of ash bursts up to ~2.0 km above the summit with ash plumes that extended ~100 km E. On days of sufficient visibility during October and November 2006, ash plumes often extended ~29-200 km NE, ~20-220 km SE, and ~ 55-137 km E (figure 13). On 28 October observers noted an ash cloud extending to 70 km NE of Karymsky.

Figure 13. Satellite image showing Karymsky and environs, with its faint E-directed plume easily visible over the ocean. Karymsky's vent lies ~25 km W of the point where the plume intersects the coast. The image was taken by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite on 29 November 2006. Courtesy of NASA Earth Observatory.

There were no seismic data the last week of November to the third week December 2006, but satellite data enabled surveillance. Figure 14 shows a 19 December image from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) instrument on the Terra satellite.

Figure 14. ASTER image of Karymsky ("K" marks the summit) and surroundings taken on 19 December 2006. N is towards the top. The area indicated as hot near the summit (which is false-colored red on color images) indicates a volcanically induced hotspot, and the tiny white streak over the hotspot may be a steam plume. A broad, dark cast spreads E across the right side of the image (the fringes of which are indicated by "F"). This zone narrows to a point near Karymsky's summit; it results from fresh ash deposits draping the landscape. Although myriad ridges and valleys corrugate much of the landscape, a zone without those features resides several kilometers S of the summit. That is Karymsky lake ("Lake"), which lies in a caldera. From Karymsky's summit to the nearest margin of Karymsky Lake, the distance is ~5 km (see maps and scaled images in previous reports, Eg. BGVN 21:05, 31:07). This NASA image created and interpreted by Jesse Allen, NASA Earth Observatory, using data provided courtesy of the NASA/GSFC/MITI/ERSDAC/JAROS, and US/Japan ASTER Science Team.

During the week of 29 December and the first week in January 2007 there were multiple weak local shallow earthquakes. They occurred at a rate of 100-130 per day during the week of 29 December. On 29 December and 1-3 January tremor was also registered.

According to visual information from pilots of international air flights (reported by AMC, Yelizovo), on 2 December an ash plume rose up ~ 6.9 km altitude and extended E. At 0200 on 22 December an ash plume rose up to ~ 7.0 km altitude and extended E. A number of ash plumes extending 9 to 240 km E were observed during December. At the end of December 2006 and into early January 2007, a possible lava flow was observed on a flank of the volcano.

Information Contacts: Olga A. Girina, Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), a cooperative program of the Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia, GS RAS (Russia), and the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO), a cooperative program of the U.S. Geological Survey, 4200 University Drive, Anchorage, AK 99508-4667, USA (URL: http://www.avo.alaska.edu/), the Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska, PO Box 757320, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7320, USA, and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, 794 University Ave., Suite 200, Fairbanks, AK 99709, USA; Jesse Allen, National Aeronautics and Space Administration Earth Observatory (URL: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards).

July 2008 (BGVN 33:07) Cite this Report

Ongoing explosions that began in 1996 continued through September 2008

Karymsky stratovolcano, one of most active of the Eastern Volcanic Zone of the Kamchatka arc, began an eruptive cycle in January 1996 lasting through at least September 2008. This report covers activity from June 2008 to September 2008 (figure 15).

Figure 15. A photo from December 2007 showing a plume emerging from Karymsky's summit crater with lake-filled Academy Nauk caldera in the background. Photo by A. Ozerov.

During June-September, there were alternating periods of strengthening and weakening activity. Ash plumes were emitted and hot avalanches repeatedly descended the flanks. Seismic events usually had local magnitudes (ML) less than 2.5. Local shallow earthquakes were associated with crater explosions. Satellite data registered thermal anomalies usually on the crater, suggesting the eruption of hot magmatic material such as a lava flow or fragmental avalanches. An increase in the anomaly to 4-7 pixels usually accompanied a lava flow. Code Orange days during the reporting period occurred on the following days (table 4).

Table 4. Thermal anomalies at Karymsky from NOAA-15 satellite images and visual observations for the interval from June to September 2008. Courtesy of Kamchatka Branch of the Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences (KB GS RAS).

Date(s)	Thermal Anomaly (pixels)	Comments
27 Aug 2008	--	Local shallow earthquakes; ash plume 2.9-3.2 km altitude
28 Aug 2008	4	Local shallow earthquakes; ash plume 2.6-3.0 km altitude
29 Aug 2008	4	Local shallow earthquakes; ash plume 3.0-3.8 km altitude
31 Aug 2008	1	Local shallow earthquakes; ash plume 3.0 km altitude
01 Sep 2008	--	Local shallow earthquakes; ash plume 3.3 km altitude
08 Sep 2008	--	Local shallow earthquakes; ash plumes reaching 2.2-3.2 km altitude
13 Sep 2008	2	Local shallow earthquakes
14 Sep 2008	2	Local shallow earthquakes; ash plume 2.9 km altitude

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Aleksey Ozerov, Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/); Kamchatka Branch of the Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences (KB GS RAS), Sergey Senukov, Russia (URL: http://www.emsd.ru/).

December 2008 (BGVN 33:12) Cite this Report

Ash plumes during 2007-January 2009, one over 450 km long

This report summarizes activity at Karymsky from February 2007 to 23 January 2009, with the exclusion of June-September 2008 (figure 16), when activity was variable (BGVN 33:07). During the reporting interval the Level of Concern Color Code remained at Orange. Overall activity during 2007 was also variable, but increased during July-December 2007 (figure 17).

Figure 16. Recent Karymsky reporting in the Bulletin (shaded areas) and the gaps in coverage discussed in this report.

Figure 17. Activity of Karymsky during 2007: a) the map of epicenters; b) the projection of hypocenters in the elevation along the line AB. Radius of the circle around the volcano is 10 km; c) a quantity of weak local earthquakes ("-50" values indicate no data); d) ash plumes according to visual data, altitude in meters above sea level; e) the size of thermal anomaly in the pixels. (Senyukov and others, 2008).

During February to April 2007, activity was characterized by constant ash explosions and steam-and-gas emissions. Thermal anomalies were detected, and plumes rose to altitudes of 2.5-5.0 km before drifting NW, N, NE, E, and SE (figure 18).

Figure 18. Explosive activity seen at Karymsky in April 2007. Ash covered the volcano, and to less extent the frozen surface of lake Akademia Nauk (the flat area in the foreground) and surroundings. Photo by Alexander Sokorenko.

During May 2007 the volcano quieted; activity was characterized by low steam-and-gas emissions. There was increased seismicity in July-October 2007, with a daily high of 900 events in mid-July. During 21-27 September ash plumes extended over 450 km E, and on 5, 7, and 8 October ash plumes that rose to 30 km altitude drifted E and NE. Activity decreased after November, but steaming was evident (figure 19).

Figure 19. Karymsky viewed from the SW, December 2007. The environment on the upper flanks includes diverse processes that constructed and exposed deposits of black ash inter-layered with snow and ice. For example, precipitation from the active plumes, can variably drop snow, sleet, and rain. Frequent ashfalls occur at Karymsky, in some cases dropping still-warm ash on the snow. Other processes include episodes of freezing and snowfall. Heating from sunlight and seasonal changes may cause local melting. These kinds of processes led to the apron of exposed ash on the S side of the upper cone. Photo by Alexander Sokorenko.

During March-April 2008 explosive activity again increased. On 15-16 March an ash plume drifted 40 km to the SE, and ash deposits were noted 15-20 km to the NE and ESE of the summit. On 3 April ash deposits were noted in areas about 20 km to the E, 70 km to the SW, and 45-50 km to the S. On 8 April an ash plume drifted 70-80 km ESE.

On 11 October 2008 an ash plume rose to an altitude of 3.4 km, and on 13 October a 5-km-wide ash plume drifted 32 km NNE. On 2 November an ash plume rose to an altitude of 4 km. On 10 November an ash plume drifted 38 km E, and 28 km ENE. On 15 November an ash plume extended 28 km to the E. On 8 December ash plumes rose to altitudes of 2 km and ash deposits on the E flank were more than 5 km long. On 16 December an ash plume extended 240 km to the SE and ESE. During 21-23 December ash plumes extended about 80 km to the E. Ash deposits were noted on 21 December; the deposits extended 26 km SE and 9 km NE.

As late as 8 and 12 January 2009, gas-and-steam plumes extended about 25 km to the SE and NE. The Tokyo VAAC reported that on 16 January an ash plume rose to an altitude of 3.7 km and drifted SE. Analysis of satellite imagery revealed a thermal anomaly in the crater during 18-19 and 21 January 2009.

Reference. Senyukov, S.L., Droznina, S.Y., Nuzhdina, I.N., Garbuzova, V.T., Kozhevnikova, T.Y., Toloknova, S.L., and Sobolevskaya, O.V., 2008, Monitoring of active Kamchatkan volcanoes using remote methods in 2007: Conference proceedings, dedicated to the day of volcanologists, on 27-29 March, 2008, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky: IViS FED RAN, 329 p. (in Russian).

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (IV&S) Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences (FED RAS); Kamchatka Branch of the Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences (KB GS RAS), Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs, http://www.emsd.ru/~ssl/monitoring/main.htm); Alexander Sokorenko, IV&S; Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), Tokyo, Japan (URL: http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/svd/vaac/data/).

August 2009 (BGVN 34:08) Cite this Report

New 14 August explosion crater formed on S side of upper summit

This report covers 23 January to 9 September 2009, an interval with both thermal anomalies and ash plumes. A new explosion crater formed on the upper S flank on 14 August 2009. Many thermal anomalies were detected during 21 February to 1 March 2009 (figure 20).

Figure 20. A plot of thermal anomalies registered during 1 February to 4 June 2009. Data provided in lower table. Courtesy of the Kamchatka Branch of the Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

During March 2009, Karymsky plumes were abundant (table 5). They were extending up to 200 km long on the 12th and 16th-17th. During 25 April and 19 May activity decreased although gas-and-steam emissions continued (figure 21).

Table 5. Summary of plumes observed at Karymsky during 21 February to 4 June 2009. Data compiled from listed sources.

Date(s)	Ash Plume	Source
21 Feb 2009	150 km NE	KEMSD; Tokyo VAAC
04 Mar 2009	120 km SE	KEMSD; Tokyo VAAC
05 Mar 2009	75 km ENE; 64 km SE	NOAA 16; NOAA 17
06 Mar 2009	160 km E; 115 km E	NOAA 17; NOAA 16
07 Mar 2009	115 km SE	NOAA 16
08 Mar 2009	50 km SW	NOAA 16; NOAA 17
09 Mar 2009	50 km SW; 30 km E	NOAA 17
12 Mar 2009	200 km E	KEMSD; Tokyo VAAC
13 Mar 2009	130 km E	NOAA 17; NOAA 16
16-17 Mar 2009	200 km E	KEMSD; Tokyo VAAC
26 Mar 2009	ash deposits to 30 km S	KEMSD; Tokyo VAAC
04 Jun 2009	30 km SE	KEMSD; Tokyo VAAC

Figure 21. Karymsky as seen on 18 April 2009. View was from the SE. Photo by A. Manevich.

Volcanologists reported from a camp on Karymsky lake that at 1600 on 14 August 2009 they noticed a series of small ash emissions. They saw plumes rising to ~ 2.5 km altitude. As a result of the eruption, a crater formed on the volcano's upper S slope. The new explosion crater was round and deep, with a diameter of 70 m. At the time of the call the crater was still steaming to a height of 200 m above the crater (figure 22).

Figure 22. Explosion crater on the S slope of Karymsky as seen on 18 August 2009 (four days after it formed). Photo by S. Chirkov.

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/); Kamchatka Branch of the Geophysical Service, Russian Academy of Sciences (KB GS RAS), Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.emsd.ru/~ssl/monitoring/main.htm); Sergei Chirkov and Alexander Manevich, IV&S FED RAS; Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), Tokyo, Japan (URL: http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/svd/vaac/data/).

May 2012 (BGVN 37:05) Cite this Report

Many ash plumes to 4 km during September 2009-September 2010

This report on Karymsky covers September 2009 to September 2010, an interval with consistent thermal anomalies, seismic activity, and ash plumes. This report was written primarily by Jason Kaiser as part of a graduate student writing assignment in a volcanology class at Oregon State University under the guidance of professor Shan de Silva.

Activity during September 2009-September 2010 was similar to reported activity during January to September 2009 (BGVN 34:08), characterized by nearly consistent thermal anomalies (when cloud cover allowed satellite observations) and above-background seismic activity (figure 23). Ash plume altitudes averaged between 3.5 and 4 km, occurring at least once a week for large portions of this time period. These plumes typically drifted between 100 and 200 km E over the N Pacific Ocean. Ash plume altitudes reported by Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT) were mostly based on seismic data interpretation, rather than direct observation. Information on thermal anomalies, seismic activity, and ash plume dispersal was reported by KVERT and Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); first-hand observations by scientists in the area were rare. Plume altitudes and maximum dispersals during the reporting period are shown in figure 24.

Figure 23. Plots of thermal anomalies (number of pixels per day, top) and seismic events (number per day, bottom) during 9 September 2009-30 September 2010. Courtesy of the Kamchatka Branch of the Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences (KB GS RAS).

Figure 24. a) Altitudes of ash plumes from Karymsky during September 2009-September 2010, reported by KVERT and Tokyo VAAC. b) Dispersal directions and distances for plumes in (a) with reported dispersals, plotted in corresponding colors. Yelizovo airport is also shown to the SW of Karymsky. Plot and map view created by Jason Kaiser.

After being lowered to Green in August 2009, the Aviation Color Code was again raised to Yellow on 22 September 2009, then to Orange on 23 September, both times because of increased seismicity and possible ash explosions. Scientists flying near Karymsky in a helicopter on 22 September observed ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 1.7 km and drifted E.

The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange for the rest of 2009. Thermal anomalies and above-background seismicity were common, occurring consistently each week during October-November 2009. Few direct observations were made, but scientists did note fumarolic activity on 1 October and a small ash plume reaching 3.5 km altitude and drifting SSE on 7 October. On 12 October, volcanologists doing fieldwork in the area observed and photographed an ash plume that later rose to an altitude of 3.5 km (figure 25).

Figure 25. KVERT photo of an ash plume emitted by Karymsky on 12 October 2009. The plume later reached an altitude of 3.5 km. Courtesy of A. Manevich (KVERT).

KVERT reported that ash deposits observed in satellite imagery extended 45 km SE on 6 December. No seismic or thermal data were available for 8 December 2009, yet a new lava flow on the S flank was observed on that day. Based on information from Yelizovo Airport, the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 25 December an ash plume rose to an altitude of 6.7 km. That same day, KVERT noted three linear ash deposits in satellite imagery that extended nearly 10 km SE from the vent. Smaller gas-and-steam bursts were observed by scientists in the area three days later.

Thermal anomalies were observed in satellite imagery nearly every day during January-March 2010. Above background seismicity was also common during this period. Ash explosions were assumed to be consistent with the seismic activity during this time frame, and were weak during February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange for much of this period, but was lowered to Yellow at the end of February.

KVERT reported that seismicity increased on 25 March 2010. On 27 March an intense thermal anomaly over the volcano was apparent in satellite imagery and ash plumes were observed in the area of the volcano during 28-29 March, drifting 250 km SSE (the longest reaching ash plume during this reporting interval, table 6). The Aviation Color Code was again raised to Orange on 29 March.

Table 6. Reported characteristics of eruptive plumes at Karymsky during September 2009-September 2010. Included are plume-top altitude (km), drift direction, and drift distance (when available). Data are courtesy of KVERT or Tokyo VAAC; '--' indicates data not reported.

Date	Plume altitude (km)	Drift distance and direction	Source
22 Sep 2009	2	--	KVERT
23 Sep 2009	4.5	E	KVERT
07 Oct 2009	3.5	SSE	KVERT
09 Oct 2009	3	--	VAAC
12 Oct 2009	3.5	--	KVERT
20 Oct 2009	3.3	--	VAAC
23 Oct 2009	3.9	120 km E	KVERT
24 Oct 2009	3.4	--	VAAC
25 Oct 2009	3.7	--	VAAC
31 Oct 2009	3.7	180 km E	KVERT
05 Nov 2009	3.7	180 km E	KVERT
08 Nov 2009	3	--	VAAC
10 Nov 2009	3.4	190 km E	VAAC
14 Nov 2009	3.7	E	VAAC
17 Nov 2009	3	130 km E	KVERT
23 Nov 2009	4	120 km E	VAAC
25 Nov 2009	3.8	120 km E	KVERT
25 Dec 2009	6.7	SE	VAAC
12 Jan 2010	3	113 km SE	KVERT
15 Jan 2010	3	--	KVERT
12 Mar 2010	5.8	--	VAAC
26 Mar 2010	4.1	--	KVERT
29 Mar 2010	4.1	250 km E	KVERT
17 Apr 2010	2	130 km SE	KVERT
20 Apr 2010	3	--	KVERT
28 Apr 2010	3	--	KVERT
07 May 2010	2	--	KVERT
13 May 2010	4.6	--	KVERT
17 May 2010	2.5	18 km NE	KVERT
25 May 2010	4.3	SW, NW	KVERT
28 May 2010	3	63 km S, W	KVERT
01 Jun 2010	4	30 km S	KVERT
06 Jun 2010	2.5	--	KVERT
11 Jun 2010	6.1	195 km E	VAAC
12 Jun 2010	5.2	--	KVERT
16 Jun 2010	3.9	22 km E	KVERT
29 Jun 2010	7	--	VAAC
07 Jul 2010	2	20 km S	KVERT
13 Jul 2010	2.7	W	VAAC
14 Jul 2010	3.3	--	KVERT
19 Jul 2010	1.5	SW	KVERT
23 Jul 2010	3	85 km SE	KVERT
28 Jul 2010	2	15 km SE	KVERT
30 Jul 2010	2	--	KVERT
13 Aug 2010	2.5	--	KVERT
16 Aug 2010	3	100 km E	VAAC
20 Aug 2010	3.8	--	KVERT
27 Aug 2010	3.8	23 km	KVERT
03 Sep 2010	3.7	--	KVERT
10 Sep 2010	3.2	--	KVERT
15 Sep 2010	3.2	--	KVERT

Thermal anomalies and above-background seismicity were noted consistently throughout April 2010. KVERT reported ash plumes drifting 40-130 km SE on 17 and 21 April. Volcanologists working in the area on 20 and 21 April observed ash bearing gas-and-steam plumes that rose to an altitude of 3 km. Strombolian activity was occasionally observed at night (figure 26).

Figure 26. Strombolian activity at Karymsky observed during the night of 18 April 2010. Courtesy of S. Ushakov (KVERT).

During May-August 2010 ash plumes were common, occurring fairly consistently each week, and sometimes confirmed by satellite imagery. Based on information from Yelizovo Airport and KVERT, Tokyo VAAC reported that ash plumes rose to an altitude of 4.3 km a.s.l. and drifted SW and W on 22 and 25 May. During 25 June-2 July seismicity at Karymsky was above background levels and suggested that possible ash plumes rose to altitudes up to 7 km a.s.l. Strong thermal anomalies were detected on 27 June. Ash plume altitudes over this period are plotted in figure 24a.

The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange through September 2010 due to consistent thermal and seismic anomalies. Seismic data suggested some intervals where ash plumes rose from the volcano almost daily. September ash plumes were repeatedly calculated or observed in satellite imagery to reach maximum altitudes of 4 km. Dispersal estimates were rare during September 2010 due to limited visibility, but were not reported to be greater than 100 km to the SSE (figure 24b, table 6).

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/); Kamchatka Branch of the Geophysical Service, Russian Academy of Sciences (KB GS RAS), Piip Ave. 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.emsd.ru/~ssl/monitoring/main.htm); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), Tokyo, Japan (URL: http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/svd/vaac/data/).

October 2013 (BGVN 38:10) Cite this Report

Seismicity and ash plumes, September 2010-December 2013

This report summarizes activity at Karymsky from September 2010 to 31 December 2013. This period was characterized by frequent explosions with ash plumes, and persistent thermal anomalies. During this period, explosions catapulted ash to altitudes as high as 6.5 km (and possibly higher). According to Girina and others (2013), Karymsky has been in a state of explosive eruption since 1996.

The Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT) monitors the volcano by seismic instruments and by satellite. Occasionally, pilots and volcanologists observe the volcano visually; however, the volcano is frequently shrouded by clouds. KVERT does not directly observe ash plumes, but infers their presence and their maximum altitudes based upon seismic data, although sometimes satellite observations are used. Occasionally, plume altitudes and directions are provided by the Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), based on information from Yelizovo Airport (UHPP). The Aviation Color Code was Orange (the second highest) throughout the reporting period. This report is based on weekly KVERT online reports.

Figures 27 and 28 show Kamchatka and Karymsky in the context of both geography and representative aviation flight paths. Since Karymsky sits directly below a principal flight route and close to many others, tall ash plumes from Karymsky present an acute hazard to aircraft. More than 200 flights per day occurred over the North Pacific region at the end of 2007 (Neal and others, 2007). That translated to over 10,000 passengers and millions of dollars in cargo that flew across the North Pacific every day (Neal and others, 2007).

Figure 27. The Northern Pacific region showing major Holocene volcanoes in red and selected aeronautical flight paths across the Russian Far East and North Pacific. Karymsky lies nearly directly below the major, bidirectional flight path G583. Taken from Neal and others (2009).

Figure 28. A smaller-scale map than the one above, centered on the Kamchataka Peninsula showing major Holocene volcanoes including Karymsky, with a more detailed view of flight routes (arrows show directions of travel). Seismically monitored volcanoes are distinguished from those unmonitored, with about 30 real-time seismometers available in the region as of 2008. Alaid volcano, just S of Kamchatka, is the subject of a separate report in this issue of the Bulletin. Taken from Neal and others (2009).

September 2010-December 2012 activity. During September 2010-December 2010, KVERT weekly reports stated that seismic activity was at or above background levels. During January 2011-December 2012, most reports characterized the seismic activity as moderate. However, KVERT stated that activity was weak and moderate between 23 August-20 September 2012, during the week before 25 October 2012, and during all of December 2012. Activity was weak during the first week of July 2012.

According to KVERT, one or more ash explosions occurred weekly, and ash plumes rose to altitudes of 2-6.5 km, with most weekly values in the altitude range of 2.5-5 km. Explosive activity apparently weakened slightly during April and May 2012, with plume altitudes decreasing to 1.8-2.5 km, and apparently weakened further between mid-July and mid-August 2012, when KVERT did not report any ash plumes.

Figure 29 shows an image captured the MODIS instrument during May 2011. A plume is discernable to the edge of the image, ~140 km ESE. Radiating from the volcano is a pattern of recent ash fall deposits contrasting with broad snow cover.

Figure 29. Satellite image of Karymsky acquired on 7 May 2011. Evidence of frequent eruptions is visible in this natural-color satellite image. Dark gray ash extends away from Karymsky's summit covering sectors of the volcano in radial patterns. A plume of ash extends to the SE, over Kronotskiy Kroniv (Kronotsky Gulf). The image was acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard the Terra satellite. Courtesy of NASA's Earth Observatory (image by Jeff Schmaltz and original descriptive material by Robert Simmon).

During mid-September 2012, ash plume altitudes reached 5.5-6 km, but had decreased to a more normal 3 km in December 2012. On 11 April 2012, instruments aboard the Terra satellite detected ash deposits about 15 km long on the E flank. According to the Tokyo VAAC, an ash plume rose to an altitude of 7.3 km and drifted N on 13 March 2011, and to an altitude of 5.5-11.9 km and drifted SW on 18 April 2011; the Tokyo VAAC reported several other ash plumes during the reporting period, but the two mentioned here represent the maximum plumes heights recorded during the reporting period.

KVERT reported Stombolian activity during October 2010. A thermal anomaly was reported every week during this period, although clouds often obscured satellite data.

On 20 November 2010, volcanologists aboard a helicopter observed moderate gas-and-steam activity. Slopes near the summit were covered with ash. According to KVERT, volcanologists also visually observed weak gas-and-steam activity on 18 December 2012.

2013 activity. During January through March 2013, seismic activity fluctuated from weak to moderate. During April through mid-August, seismic activity was not recorded for technical reasons. From mid-August through the end of 2013, activity was moderate. When satellite data was included in 2013 KVERT weekly reports (6, 14 March; 11, 18 July; 5, 12, 19 September; 3 October), the volcano was either quiet or obscured by clouds.

KVERT reports from 10 October 2013 through at least 2 January 2014 stated that Strombolian and weak Vulcanian activity probably had occurred, because satellite data sometimes showed a bright thermal anomaly over the volcano along with ash plumes (figure 30). The reports did not mention this activity during earlier portions of the reporting period (September 2010-December 2013), except for mid-October 2010; however, because thermal anomalies persisted throughout the reporting period and ash plumes were common, we suspect that Strombolian and weak Vulcanian activity probably occurred often during this time.

During 2013, ash plumes seldom exceeded an altitude of 3.5 km. However, powerful ash explosions up to an altitude of 6 km were observed on 5 August by a helicopter crew and volcanologists on the flank of nearby Tolbachik volcano.

Figure 30. Photo of Karymsky on 30 November 2013 showing Vulcanian explosion with ash cloud billowing upward. Look direction unknown. Courtesy of Institute of Volcanology and Seismology FEB RAS, KVERT (with credit to Alexander Bichenko. NP VK).

Lopez and others (2012) used "coincident measurements of infrasound, SO₂, ash, and thermal radiation collected over a ten day period at Karymsky Volcano in August 2011 to characterize the observed activity and elucidate vent processes. The ultimate goal of this project is to enable different types of volcanic activity to be identified using only infrasound data, which would significantly improve our ability to continuously monitor remote volcanoes. Four types of activity were observed. Type 1 activity is characterized by discrete ash emissions occurring every 1- 5 minutes that either jet or roil out of the vent, by plumes from 500-1500 m (above vent) altitudes, and by impulsive infrasonic onsets. Type 2 activity is characterized by periodic pulses of gas emission, little or no ash, low altitude (100 - 200 m) plumes, and strong audible jetting or roaring. Type 3 activity is characterized by sustained emissions of ash and gas, with multiple pulses lasting from ~1-3 minutes, and by plumes from 300-1500 m. Type 4 activity is characterized by periods of relatively long duration (~30 minutes to >1 hour) quiescence, no visible plume and weak SO₂ emissions at or near the detection limit, followed by an explosive, magmatic eruption, producing ash-rich plumes to >2,000 m, and centimeter to meter (or greater) sized pyroclastic bombs that roll down the flanks of the edifice. Eruption onset is accompanied by high-amplitude infrasound and occasionally visible shock-waves, indicating high vent overpressure."

The above meeting abstract ultimately led to the paper Lopez and others (2013). In the abstract for that work, the authors characterized the four types of activity as: (1) ash explosions, (2) pulsatory degassing, (3) gas jetting, and (4) explosive eruption.

Ongoing eruptions, often on a near daily basis, prevailed during January-March 2014, with thermal anomalies on satellite data, ash plumes hundreds of meters over the ~1.5 km summit's elevation. The plumes were visible in imagery for over 100 km downwind (often in the sector NE-E-SE).

References: Girina, O., Manevich, A., Melnikov, D., Nuzhdaev, A., Demyanchuk, Y., and Petrova, E., 2013, Explosive Eruptions of Kamchatkan Volcanoes in 2012 and Danger to Aviation, Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 15, EGU General Assembly 2013 held 7-12 April, 2013 in Vienna, Austria, id. EGU2013-6760.

Lopez, T., Fee, D, and Prata, F., 2012, Characterization of volcanic activity using observations of infrasound, volcanic emissions, and thermal imagery at Karymsky Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia, Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 14, EGU General Assembly 2012, held 22-27 April, 2012 in Vienna, Austria., p.13076.

Lopez, T., D. Fee, F. Prata, and J. Dehn, 2013, Characterization and interpretation of volcanic activity at Karymsky Volcano, Kamchatka, Russia, using observations of infrasound, volcanic emissions, and thermal imagery, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 14, 5106-5127, doi:10.1002/2013GC004817

Neal C, Girina O, Senyukov S, Rybin A, Osiensky J, Izbekov P, Ferguson G, 2009, Russian eruption warning systems for aviation. Natural Hazards, 51(2), p. 245-262

Neal, C, Girina, O, Senyukov, S, Rybin, A, Osiensky, J, Hall, T, Nelson, K, and Izbekov, P, 2007, Eruption Warning Systems for Aviation in Russia: A 2007 Status Report, World Meteorological Organization (WMO), in close collaboration with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the Civil Aviation Authority Of New Zealand, paper at the Fourth International Workshop On Volcanic Ash, Rotorua, New Zealand, 26-30 March 2007 [VAWS/4 WP/03-01] (URL: http://www.caem.wmo.int/moodle/file.php?file=/1/VWS/6_VAWS4WP0301_1_.pdf)

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), Tokyo, Japan (URL: http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/svd/vaac/data/); Kamchatka Branch of Geophysical Survey of RAS (KB GS RAS) (URL: http://www.emsd.ru/); and Jeff Schmaltz and Robert Simmon, NASA Earth Observatory (URL: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov).

September 2015 (BGVN 40:09) Cite this Report

Ongoing ash plumes, thermal anomalies, and seismicity through 2014

During 2014 Karymsky volcano on the Kamchatka Peninsula continued its eruptive activity that had been ongoing since November 2001. Strombolian and Vulcanian activity with ash plumes as high as 4.5 km, bright thermal anomalies, and moderate seismic activity were reported by the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT), the Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) and the MODVOLC thermal alert system. The volcano was active early in the year, especially during January through April, quieted down from May through August, and then became more active again in September.

Ash plumes were reported on six different dates in January (1, 8, 18, 19, 20 and 22) (table 7), and thermal anomalies were reported on seven dates (6, 9, 18, 22, 24, 26, and 29). KVERT reported continuing moderate explosive eruptions and bright thermal anomalies all month. Moderate seismic activity was only recorded during the last week due to technical problems.

Table 7. Ash plumes reported for Karymsky during January-April 2014.

Date	Altitude (km)	Distance (km)	Direction	Report Source
01 Jan 2014	1.5-2	120	SE	KVERT VONA
08 Jan 2014	--	10	SSE	KVERT Weekly
18 Jan 2014	2.5-3	40	SSE	KVERT VONA
19 Jan 2014	3	--	SSE	Tokyo VAAC
20 Jan 2014	--	110	E	KVERT Weekly
22 Jan 2014	2.0-2.5	60	E	KVERT VONA
22 Jan 2014	1.5-2	110	E	KVERT VONA
01 Feb 2014	--	80	E	KVERT VONA
28 Feb 2014	1.5-2	55	NE	KVERT VONA
12 Mar 2014	1.5-2	40	SW	KVERT VONA
12 Mar 2014	1.5-2	75	SW	KVERT VONA
12 Mar 2014	1.5-2	70	SE	KVERT VONA
13 Mar 2014	1.5-2	230	SE	KVERT VONA
16 Mar 2014	2.0-2.5	40	ESE	KVERT VONA
16 Mar 2014	1.5-2	107	SE	KVERT VONA
17 Mar 2014	1.5-2	100	SE	KVERT VONA
17 Mar 2014	1.0-1.5	90	SE	KVERT VONA
18 Mar 2014	2.0-3.0	120	NE	KVERT VONA
20 Mar 2014	1.5-2	70	SE	KVERT VONA
21 Mar 2014	2	--	SE	Tokyo VAAC
24 Mar 2014	2.5-3	180	SE	KVERT VONA
27 Mar 2014	2.0-2.5	100	ESE	KVERT VONA
28 Mar 2014	2	--	E	Tokyo VAAC
31 Mar 2014	1.5-2.0	20	SE	KVERT VONA
01 Apr 2014	1	50	SW	KVERT VONA
04 Apr 2014	--	100	E	KVERT Weekly
06 Apr 2014	2-3	--	--	Tokyo VAAC
12 Apr 2014	2-3	--	--	Tokyo VAAC
19 Apr 2014	2-3	--	--	Tokyo VAAC

In February, KVERT reported moderate seismicity indicating ongoing moderate explosive eruptive activity all month. Only two ash explosions were recorded, a small one on 1-2 February drifting 80 km E and a larger plume on 28 February rising to 1.5-2 km altitude and drifting 55 km NE. Ten MODIS thermal anomalies were recorded on six different dates (2, 12, 14, 15, 16, and 19). KVERT also indicated bright thermal anomalies visible daily during the last two weeks of the month.

Significantly more ash plume activity was recorded in March 2014, with KVERT issuing VONA (Volcano Observatory Notification to Aviation) reports on nine different dates (table 7). Late on 12 March 2014 a plume was observed with dimensions of 60 x 15 km located 70 km S of the volcano along Cape Shipunsky. MODIS thermal anomalies were recorded on 11, 16, 18, and 27 March and KVERT reported bright thermal anomalies all month. KVERT weekly reports indicated moderate seismic activity indicating continued explosive eruption activity all month.

Moderate seismic activity indicating continued explosive eruption was observed by KVERT during all of April, even though they only issued one VONA report on 1 April indicating a 1 km ash plume drifting 50 km SW. Tokyo VAAC reported additional possible plumes on 6, 12, and 19 April, drifting in different directions to heights of 2-3 km. The KVERT weekly reports indicated ash plumes were drifting about 100 km SW on 1 and 2 April (figure 31) and 100 km E on 4 April. No thermal anomalies were reported by MODIS in April, although KVERT reported a bright thermal anomaly the first week, and thermal anomalies on several other days that were not clouded over each subsequent week.

Figure 31. A modest explosion at Karymsky on 2 April 2014. View is approximately towards the NNW. Photo taken by A. Sokorenko (Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Science).

No ash plume reports were recorded from May through August, although KVERT noted moderate seismic activity in May and June. Thermal anomalies were recorded twice by MODIS, on 1 and 5 May, and were indicated by KVERT often during the first two weeks of the month and again on 25 and 27 May. MODVOLC did not record any more thermal anomalies for Karymsky in 2014. KVERT reported thermal anomalies on 11, 12, 13, and 16 June. The seismicity reported by KVERT decreased to "weak" in the second week of July (figure 32), and did not return to moderate levels until the week ending on 19 September. After mid-June, no thermal anomalies were reported until 27 August. As a result of reduced activity at the volcano in June and July, KVERT lowered the Aviation Color Code (ACC) from Orange to Yellow on 24 July.

Figure 32. Aerial view of the Karymsky crater during quiet conditions on 22 July 2014. Photo by S. Samoilenko (Institute of Volcanology and Seismology FEB RAS, KVERT); courtesy of KVERT.

A 4-km-high ash plume on 3 September extended 9 km WSW and prompted the first VONA Report from KVERT since April. Tokyo VAAC reported another ash plume on 10 September that rose to 2 km and drifted SW and then S. It was reported in the KVERT Weekly Report as extending 100 km to the SE (figure 33). Another VONA report on 15 September noted an ash plume at 3 km altitude 40 km SE of the volcano that was reported by AMC Elizovo helicopter pilots. KVERT reported weak thermal anomalies on 12 and 13 September and an ash plume drifting about 191 km E on September 28.

Figure 33. Aerial photo of Karymsky looking towards the north with a plume rising from the crater on 10 September 2014. Photo by Igor Sesterov, Institute of Volcanology and Seismology FEB RAS, KVERT; courtesy of KVERT.

Another ash plume on 3 October was witnessed by AMC Elizovo helicopter pilots rising to 3 km. This corresponded to a 4-minute-long seismic event recorded by KBGS RAS (Kamchatka Branch, Geophysical Service, Russian Academy of Sciences) shortly before the observation. Tokyo VAAC reported the plume moving to the NW. KVERT also reported ash plumes on 14 (drifting 70 km E), 16 (drifting 125 km), and 20 (drifting 60 km SE) October. Tokyo VAAC reported an ash plume with the 16 October eruption rising to 3 km and drifting SE. KVERT also observed thermal anomalies on 10, 14, 16 and 20 October.

Weak and moderate seismic activity during November and a weak thermal anomaly on 29-30 November reported by KVERT indicate that the volcano did not have any major explosions that month, but another ash plume was observed by AMC Elizovo helicopter pilots on 10 December according to KVERT; the plume rose to 4.5 km altitude and drifted 30 km W.

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), Tokyo, Japan (URL: http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/svd/vaac/data/); Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP), MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. of Hawai'i, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (URL: http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/)

August 2017 (BGVN 42:08) Cite this Report

Persistent ash plumes and thermal anomalies January 2015-March 2016; short-lived explosions with ash, 5-8 October 2016

Karymsky volcano on Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula has a lengthy eruptive history based on both radiocarbon data (back to about 6600 BCE) and historical observations (back to 1771). Much of the volcanic cone is surrounded by lava flows less than 200 years old. The most recent activity, consisting of frequent ash explosions and a few lava flows deposited on the flanks, has been ongoing for several decades. The most recent previous report described numerous ash explosions, persistent thermal anomalies, and moderate seismic activity through 2014 (BGVN 40:09). This report covers similar activity from January 2015 through May 2017. Information was compiled from the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), the Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), and several sources of satellite data.

Ash-bearing explosions and thermal anomalies characterized activity throughout 2015, beginning with an explosion on 19 January. Ash plumes were common through early March 2016, after which only steam-and-gas emissions and occasional thermal anomalies were noted, although fresh ash deposits were observed near the volcano in the second half of March. A brief episode of explosive activity during 5-8 October 2016 produced low-level ash plumes that drifted for hundreds of kilometers. No additional activity was reported through May 2017.

Activity during 2015. An explosive event at Karymsky on 19 January 2015 signaled a return to activity after a few months of quiet. The ash plume from the explosion extended 50 km SE, and the NASA Earth Observatory captured a satellite image showing trace ash deposits from the event trending SE across the snow-covered landscape (figure 34). Ashfall deposits were seen on 1 March (10-15 km E and SE) and 7 March.

Figure 34. A streak of dark ash extends SE from Karymsky's summit amidst a backdrop of snow on 18 January 2015 (UTC). The Operational Land Imager (OLI) aboard the Landsat 8 satellite acquired this natural color satellite image. Courtesy of NASA Earth Observatory.

Throughout the year, KVERT reported multiple thermal anomalies and ash plumes each month (table 8). The Tokyo VAAC issued 192 aviation alerts during the year, and the MODVOLC system reported eight thermal alerts in January, one in July, and two in August. Ash plume altitudes ranged from 2.1 to 7 km. Continuous ash emissions were noted during 16 and 29-30 July. The ash plume observed in satellite data on 17 July was 8 km long and 5 km wide. Volcanologists observed multiple explosions during 21-22 July, and helicopter pilots in the area reported explosions on 28 July that then lasted for several days (figure 35). Large plumes were also noted during December; on 22 December one was 8 km long and 6 km wide, and on 25 December one was 56 km long and 6 km wide. The highest altitude plumes were reported at 7 km drifting N on 16 and 20 November 2015 by the Tokyo VAAC. Ash plumes drifted in various directions, and were observed as far as 250 km before dissipating.

Table 8. Summary by month of ash plumes and thermal anomalies reported for Karymsky during 2015. Details include dates of thermal anomalies and ash plumes, maximum plume altitude in kilometers, distance in kilometers of ash plume drift, and direction of drift. Multiple thermal anomalies on a given date are shown in parentheses- 23(4)-after the date. 'Date: 7/8' means time zone boundaries presented different reported days for Kamchatka time (KST) and Universal Time (UTC). Sources are KVERT and Tokyo VAAC for ash plume data; KVERT and MODVOLC for thermal data.

Month	Thermal Anomalies (KVERT)	Thermal Anomalies (MODVOLC)	Ash Plumes	Plume Altitude (km)	Plume Distance (km)	Plume Directions
Jan 2015	11, 18-31	19, 22(2), 23(4), 26	19-23, 27, 31	2.5-5	65-160	ESE, E, N
Feb 2015	6, 21, 24	--	23, 27	2.7	254, 215	ENE
Mar 2015	7, 24-26, 29	--	22, 24-26, 27, 29-30	2.1	154, 150	E, NE, SW
Apr 2015	9, 16-17, 23	--	3, 23, 27	2.7-3.0	85, 35, 140	SE, SE, NE
May 2015	4-6, 15-16, 30	--	16/17, 23	--	27, 45	W, SE
Jun 2015	6, 8-10	--	8-10	4.3	50	SE, E
Jul 2015	6, 13-14, 16, 17, 25, 27-30	13	1, 9, 13, 17, 21-22, 25, 27-30	2-5.1	50-115	SW, S, E, NW, SE
Aug 2015	2, 6, 15, 18-21, 24-25	19, 24	2, 6, 8, 9, 12, 15, 16, 18, 21, 24, 25	4.3-5.8	25-54	N, W, SW, SE
Sep 2015	2, 10, 14-18, 24	--	8, 10, 20	4.3-4.6	10	SE, NE
Oct 2015	4, 8, 11, 20, 22-24, 28	--	3-5, 8, 17-20, 22	2.1-4.6	50, 100	SE, E
Nov 2015	20, 27	--	1/2, 4, 7/8, 10-12, 15-18, 20-21, 30	2.5-7.0	40-160	NE, SE, E, ESE
Dec 2015	3, 6-7, 14, 23-25, 27-28, 31	--	11, 19, 22, 25, 28	3.7-5.5	145	E, NE, NW, W, ENE

Figure 35. Ash plume from an explosion at Karymsky on 30 July 2015. Photo by E. Kalacheva, IVS FEB RAS, courtesy of KVERT.

Activity during January 2016-April 2017. Activity was variable at Karymsky during 2016 (table 9). The Tokyo VAAC issued 132 aviation notices. Ash plumes and thermal anomalies were most frequent during January and February, with over twenty instances of each during February. The plume heights during February exceeded 6 km altitude four times, with the highest plume of the year on 20 February at 7.6 km altitude. Near-continuous ash emissions during the last week of February resulted in satellite observations of ash deposits around the volcano at the end of the month and during the first few days of March (figure 36). Activity decreased significantly during March, although KVERT noted fresh ash deposits again during 18-25 March. Except for thermal anomalies noted on 1 and 6 April, only steam-and-gas emissions were reported; KVERT lowered the Aviation Alert Level from Orange to Yellow (on a four-color scale) at the end of the month. From May to July, KVERT reported a thermal anomaly once each month. Steam-and-gas emissions were the only activity reported in August, and on 2 September, they lowered the Alert Level from Yellow to Green.

Table 9. Summary by month of ash plumes and thermal anomalies reported for Karymsky during 2016. Details include dates of thermal anomalies and ash plumes, maximum plume altitude in kilometers, distance in kilometers of ash plume drift, and direction of drift. Sources are KVERT and Tokyo VAAC for ash plume data; KVERT and MODVOLC for thermal data.

Month	Thermal Anomalies (KVERT)	Thermal Anomalies (MODVOLC)	Ash Plumes	Plume Altitude (km)	Plume Distance (km)	Plume Directions
Jan 2016	1, 3-4, 6-7, 11-15, 18-19, 21, 23, 26, 31	--	3, 5-7, 9, 10, 12-15, 17, 21, 24, 26-28, 31	3.9-7.6	160-270	E, NW, SE
Feb 2016	1-19, 22, 26-29	5	1-21, 26	3.4-7.6	125-270	E, SE, W
Mar 2016	1-4	--	1	5.2	--	NE
Apr 2016	1, 6	--	--	--	--	--
May 2016	26	--	--	--	--	--
Jun 2016	25	--	--	--	--	--
Jul 2016	4	--	--	--	--	--
Aug 2016	--	--	--	--	--	--
Sep 2016	--	--	--	--	--	--
Oct 2016	7, 12, 17	--	5-8	2.4	390	E, SE
Nov 2016	3	--	--	--	--	--
Dec 2016	--	--	--	--	--	--

Figure 36. Steam plume from Karymsky on 21 February 2016, and abundant fresh ashfall around the volcano from recent ash emissions. Photo by E. Nenasheva, courtesy of KVERT.

After six months of quiet, the Tokyo VAAC reported an ash plume on 5 (UTC)/6 (KST) October at 2.4 km altitude extending SE. Aviation alerts were issued through 8 October 2016. Although residing at a fairly low altitude (2.4 km), the plume observed in satellite imagery during 7-8 October was visible in satellite imagery drifting 390 km E and SE before dissipating. KVERT briefly raised the Alert Level to Yellow and then to Orange on 7 and 8 October, and then back to Yellow on 19 October. Three weak thermal anomalies appeared in October and one in November; KVERT lowered the Alert Level to Green on 25 November. Karymsky remained at Alert Level Green through May 2017 with no further reports issued from KVERT or the Tokyo VAAC.

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/kvert/); Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, (IVS FEB RAS), 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/eng/); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), 1-3-4 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (URL: http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/svd/vaac/data/); Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP), MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. of Hawai'i, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (URL: http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/); NASA Earth Observatory, EOS Project Science Office, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Goddard, Maryland, USA (URL: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/).

November 2017 (BGVN 42:11) Cite this Report

Moderate ash explosions continue into September 2017

Recent activity at Karymsky has consisted of ash explosions and thermal anomalies, often separated by several months of quiet (BGVN 40:09 and 42:08). No ash explosions occurred between the middle of October 2016 and the end of May 2017 (BGVN 42:08). This report covers activity from June through November 2017 using information compiled from the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), the Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), and several sources of satellite data.

After months of quiet, KVERT reported that, based on Tokyo VAAC data, an ash explosion began at 0040 (local time) on 4 June 2017 (table 10). The Aviation Color Code (ACC) was raised from Green (lowest level on a four-color scale) to Orange (the second highest level). Subsequent ash explosions occurred on 8 June, 26 June and 18 July (figure 1).

Table 10. Summary by month of ash plumes and thermal anomalies reported for Karymsky during 2016. Details include UTC dates of thermal anomalies and ash plumes; and maximum plume altitude, and maximum distance of ash plume drift. Sources are KVERT and Tokyo VAAC for ash plume data, and KVERT for thermal data.

Month	Thermal Anomalies (KVERT)	Date of Ash Plumes	Max Plume Altitude (km)	Max Plume Distance (km)
Jun 2017	3-8, 10-12, 14-17, 23-24, 27-28	3-4, 8, 24, 26	6	165
Jul 2017	1-3. 7, 11-12, 18-20	10-11, 18, 20	1.7	170
Aug 2017	1,3,4,6-11	3-4, 7-9, 12-13	--	400
Sep 2017	1,6, 8, 15-16, 23-25	19, 20, 23	7	100
Oct 2017	--	3, 11-12, 14	--	320
Nov 2017	--	--	--	--

Figure 37. Aerial photo of an ash explosion at Karymsky on 18 July 2017. Courtesy of A. Belousov (IVS FEB RAS).

Toward the end of August, KVERT noted only gas-and-steam emissions, and the ACC was lowered to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale) on 30 August. This diminished activity continued until 20 September, when ash explosions at 0420 (local) prompted KVERT to raise the ACC back to Orange.

After 20 September, the volcano was either obscured by clouds or relatively quiet. After 11 October the moderate activity was associated with gas-steam emissions. On 19 October, the ACC was lowered to Yellow and then to Green (lowest level) on 26 October. Gas-and-steam activity continued through the end of November.

Thermal anomalies. Thermal anomalies, based on MODIS satellite instruments analyzed using the MODVOLC algorithm, were not observed at Karymsky during the reporting period, except for a possible hotspot on 8 June 2017 that was slightly E of the craters. The MIROVA system detected at least nine days with low to moderate power hotspots in June, two in July, and one in August, all of which were within 3 km of the volcano. No hotspots were recorded September through November 2017.

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/kvert/); Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (IVS FEB RAS), 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/eng/); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), 1-3-4 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan (URL: http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/svd/vaac/data/); Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) - MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. of Hawai'i, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (URL: http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/); MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity), a collaborative project between the Universities of Turin and Florence (Italy) supported by the Centre for Volcanic Risk of the Italian Civil Protection Department (URL: http://www.mirovaweb.it/).

April 2018 (BGVN 43:04) Cite this Report

Eruptive activity that began in June 2017 stops after an explosion on 27 January 2018

Recent activity at Karymsky has consisted of ash explosions on 4 June and 20 September 2017, separated by a period of relative quiet (BGVN 42:11). The volcano was quiet after 20 September until another ash explosion on 4 December 2017. This report covers activity from 1 December 2017 through March 2018, using information compiled from the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT) and the Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC). According to KVERT, an explosion on 27 January 2018 was last through at least 31 March.

Based on satellite data, KVERT reported that an explosion began at about 0630 on 4 December 2017 and generated an ash cloud that rose to an altitude of 2.7 km and drifted 200 km E. An ash cloud 16 x 12 km in dimension was identified in satellite images about three hours after the explosion, 92 km E of the volcano. The Aviation Color Code was raised from Green to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). A thermal anomaly was identified in satellite data during 3 and 5-6 December.

According to KVERT, another ash plume was identified in satellite data drifting 114 km ENE on 14 December. No further ash emissions were noted afterward; the Aviation Color Code was thus lowered on 24 December to Yellow.

A small ash cloud was identified in satellite imagery drifting near Karymsky on 18 January 2018, and a thermal anomaly was identified on 19 and 23 January. Gas-and-steam plumes drifted 30 km NE and NW on 21 and 25 January, and an ash plume drifted about 100 km NE on 23 January. An explosion at 1430 on 27 January generated ash plumes that rose to an altitude of 5.2 km and drifted 80 km NE-NNE, prompting KVERT to raise the Aviation Color Code to Orange.

Moderate gas-and-steam emissions continued during February and March. Thermal anomalies were detected in satellite images on 3, 9, and 18 February, and 23-26 March; during other days, the volcano was either quiet or obscured by clouds. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange through the end of the reporting period.

August 2018 (BGVN 43:08) Cite this Report

Renewed eruptive activity with ash plumes during April through July 2018

Recent eruptive activity at Karymsky has consisted of moderate intermittent ash explosions during 5-8 October 2016 (BGVN 42:08) and 4 June 2017-27 January 2018 (BGVN 42:11, 43:04). Another eruptive period began on 28 April 2018, with thermal anomalies, gas-and-steam emissions, and ash plumes observed through July 2018. The Aviation Color Code (ACC) was raised from Yellow to Orange at the end of April when moderate explosive activity began. This report was compiled using information from the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT).

Moderate explosive activity renewed in April 2018. An ash plume rose to 5.5 km and drifted 150 km on 28 April and 2-3 May to the NE and SE, respectively. On 14 May the ash plume drifted 150 km to the SW. The ACC was lowered to Yellow on 15 June. Weak gas, steam, and some ash plumes were again reported in 10 July. The Tokyo VAAC noted continuous ash seen in Himawari-8 satellite imagery on 12 July, with a plume extending E at 3.6 km altitude. Another ash advisory the VAAC noted an eruption seen at 2120 on 14 July (figure 38) that sent a plume to 7.6 km altitude and drifted S. Continuous ash observations were again cause for a VAAC notice on 16 July. An explosion on 17 July generated an ash plume that rose to 5 km and drifted 11 km WSW, which prompted raising the ACC back to Orange. Satellite images show an ash plume drifting 100 km to the SE on 20 July (figure 39). The ACC remained at alert level Orange.

Figure 38. Explosive eruption of Karymsky at 2110 UTC on 14 July 2018, as seen from the Uzon caldera. Photo by E. Subbotina, Kronotsky Reserve; courtesy of Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (IVS FEB RAS).

Figure 39. Aerial photograph showing explosive activity at Karymsky, 28 July 2018. Photo by N. Balakhontseva; courtesy of Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (IVS FEB RAS).

Thermal anomalies were observed in satellite data and reported by KVERT on 11 April, 3, 13-15, 19-20 May, 8, 10-13-20, 25, 27-29, and 31 July 2018. The MODVOLC system reported six thermal anomalies during this period. The MODIS thermal anomalies detected by MIROVA during this reporting period were all low in intensity, with notable periods of increased activity in the first half of May and July 2018 (figure 40).

Figure 40. MODIS thermal anomalies identified in the MIROVA system, plotted as log radiative power for the year ending 29 August 2018. Courtesy of MIROVA.

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/kvert/); Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (IVS FEB RAS), 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/eng/); MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity), a collaborative project between the Universities of Turin and Florence (Italy) supported by the Centre for Volcanic Risk of the Italian Civil Protection Department (URL: http://www.mirovaweb.it/); Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) - MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. of Hawai'i, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (URL: http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/).

October 2018 (BGVN 43:10) Cite this Report

Thermal anomalies and ash explosions during August-September 2018

The most recent eruptive period at Karymsky, on the Kamchatka Peninsula of Russia, began on 28 April 2018, with thermal anomalies, gas-and-steam emissions, and ash plumes observed through July 2018. The current report discusses activity through September 2018 (table 11). This report was compiled using information from the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT).

KVERT reported ongoing thermal anomalies and intermittent ash plumes over Karymsky during August and September 2018 (table 11). Ash plumes drifted 50 km SE on 7 August, and 40 km S on 25 August. Stronger activity during 10-11 September consisted of continuous dense ash emissions along with explosions that sent plumes 5-6 km high which drifted 860 km NE. Incandescence photographed the next night was attributed to fumarolic activity (figure 41). Ash plumes were identified drifting 365 km E on 22-23 September. The last thermal anomaly was identified in satellite images on 28 September, and an ash plume was last visible on 30 September.

Table 11. Ash plumes and thermal anomalies at Karymsky, 1 August-30 September 2018. Clouds often obscured the volcano. Data compiled from KVERT reports.

Date	Observations
01-07 Aug 2018	Thermal anomalies; ash plume drifted 50 km SE on 7 Aug.
08-14 Aug 2018	Thermal anomalies.
25-31 Aug 2018	Thermal anomalies; ash plume drifted 40 km S on 25 Aug.
01-07 Sep 2018	Thermal anomalies.
08-15 Sep 2018	Continuous ash emissions on 10 Sep. Explosions during 10-11 Sep with plumes rising 5-6 km that drifted 860 km NE.
16-23 Sep 2018	Thermal anomalies; ash plumes drifted 365 km E on 22-23 Sep.
24-30 Sep 2018	Thermal anomalies; ash plume on 30 Sep.

Figure 41. Incandescence, attributed to fumarolic activity, was visible above the crater of Karymsky on 12 September 2018. Photo by D. Melnikov; courtesy of Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (IVS FEB RAS, KVERT).

Figure 42. Sentinel-2 satellite imagery of Karymsky on 30 September 2018 showing a diffuse plume and thermal anomaly in the crater. Top: Natural color view (bands 4, 3, 2). Bottom: Short-wave Infrared view (bands 12, 8A, 4). Courtesy of Sentinel Hub Playground.

Thermal anomalies, based on MODIS satellite instruments analyzed using the MODVOLC algorithm, were last observed on 31 July 2018. The MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity) system detected one hotspot in early August (moderate power), and two hotspots in late September (low power).

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/kvert/); Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (IVS FEB RAS), 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/eng/); Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) - MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. of Hawai'i, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (URL: http://hotspot.higp.hawaii.edu/); MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity), a collaborative project between the Universities of Turin and Florence (Italy) supported by the Centre for Volcanic Risk of the Italian Civil Protection Department (URL: http://www.mirovaweb.it/); Sentinel Hub Playground (URL: https://www.sentinel-hub.com/explore/sentinel-playground).

May 2019 (BGVN 44:05) Cite this Report

Moderate explosive activity starting mid-February 2019

Karymsky exhibited decreased volcanism from late October 2018 through mid-February 2019. Previously reported activity consisted of thermal anomalies, gas-and-steam emissions, and ash plumes. Moderate eruptive activity last occurred in September to early October 2018, which featured thermal anomalies and some ash plumes. Activity then decreased, involving primarily moderate gas-and-steam activity. This reporting period of February-April 2019 describes renewed volcanism involving moderate explosive-eruptive activity, thermal anomalies, and moderate gas-and-steam emissions, according to the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT).

Volcanism increased on 16 February 2019 when moderate eruptive activity produced an ash plume that extended for about 55 km SE; KVERT reported that satellite data showed the appearance of a thermal anomaly. Moderate explosive activity and moderate gas-and-steam emissions continued through April 2019. On 22 and 24-26 February 2019, ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.5 km; satellite data showed ash clouds drifting up to a maximum 216 km, generally E (figure 43). Ash plumes tended to drift 17-190 km during this reporting period. During 8-12 March an ash plume rose to a maximum altitude of 4 km, drifting 100 km E from the volcano.

Figure 43. An ash plume from Karymsky, as seen from the Uzon caldera, on 27 March 2019. Photo by E. Subbotina, Kronotsky Reserve; courtesy of Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (IVS FEB RAS).

Thermal anomalies were registered by KVERT satellite data on ten days in February, six days in March, and 11 days in April. Low-power thermal anomalies identified by MIROVA continued to appear intermittently throughout the reporting period. Thermal alerts based on MODIS satellite instruments analyzed using the MODVOLC algorithm were rare; the only hotspot pixel recorded during this report period was on 10 March 2019, located proximal to the crater summit.

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/kvert/); Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (IVS FEB RAS), 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/eng/); Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) - MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. of Hawai'i, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (URL: http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/); MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity), a collaborative project between the Universities of Turin and Florence (Italy) supported by the Centre for Volcanic Risk of the Italian Civil Protection Department (URL: http://www.mirovaweb.it/).

November 2019 (BGVN 44:11) Cite this Report

Moderate explosive activity with ash plumes through 24 September 2019

Eruptive activity at Karymsky has been frequent since 1996, with moderate ash explosions, gas-and-steam emissions, and thermal anomalies. The latest eruptive period began in mid-February 2019 (BGVN 44:05) when explosions resumed after more than four months of quiet, producing an ash plume that extended 55 km downwind. Intermittent explosive activity continued until 24 September 2019. The volcano is monitored by the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT).

Ash plumes were reported during the second half of February and the first half of March 2019 (BGVN 44:05). During May-September 2019 similar activity continued, with ash plumes being generated at least every few days (table 12). Though not included in the weekly KVERT report as notable events, obvious ash plumes were also seen in Sentinel-2 imagery on 22 July and photographed from an aircraft on 23 July. Volcanologists doing fieldwork on 14 August observed an ash plume rising to 5 km altitude (figure 44). A week later, during 20-22 August, explosions generated ash plumes as high as 6 km altitude that were visible in satellite imagery (figure 45). Although not noted in KVERT reports, a photo from 9 September showed a plume blowing downwind directly from the summit crater (figure 46). No significant ash plumes were reported by KVERT after 24 August, but the last ash explosion was recorded on 24 September.

Table 12. Notable ash plumes reported from Karymsky during May-October 2019. All dates are in UTC. Courtesy of KVERT.

Date	Observations
06-07 May 2019	Gas-and-steam plume containing ash rose to 2-2.2 km in altitude and drifted 105 km SE and SW.
21 May 2019	Ash plume drifted 9 km SW.
24 May 2019	Ash plume identified in satellite images drifted 45 km NE.
13-17 Jul 2019	Ash plumes drifted 60 km in multiple directions.
25 Jul 2019	Ash plume drifted 134 km SE.
26 Jul 2019	Ash plume drifted 60 km SE.
03-05 Aug 2019	Ash plumes drifted 180 km SE and NW.
06 Aug 2019	Ash plume rose 2-2.5 km in altitude and drifted about 17 km NW.
14 Aug 2019	Volcanologists observed explosions and ash plumes that rose to 5 km altitude. Satellite images showed ash plumes drifting E and SSE that same day.
20-22 Aug 2019	Ash plumes visible in satellite images drifted 500 km SW. Explosions on 21 August produced ash plumes to 6 km altitude.
23-24 Aug 2019	Ash plumes drifted 51 km SE.

Figure 44. Aerial photo showing an ash plume rising to 5 km altitude from Karymsky 14 August 2019. Photo by D. Melnikov; courtesy of IVS FEB RAS, KVERT.

Figure 45. Satellite image from Sentinel-2 (natural color) of an ash plume at Karymsky on 21 August 2019. Courtesy of Sentinel Hub Playground.

Figure 46. Photo showing explosive activity at Karymsky at 1920 UTC on 9 September 2019. Photo by A. Manevich; courtesy of IVS FEB RAS, KVERT.

During May-October 2019, thermal anomalies were detected with the MODIS satellite instruments analyzed using the MODVOLC algorithm only on 25 July (2 pixels) and 21 August (10 pixels). Consistent with both observations, KVERT noted ash explosions on those dates. The MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity) volcano hotspot detection system, also based on analysis of MODIS data, detected numerous hotspots in May, none in June, 3 in July, 5 in August, and none in September or October. KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly was visible in satellite images on most, if not all, days when not obscured by clouds.

The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale) until 3 October, when KVERT reduced it to Yellow, after which moderate gas-and-steam activity continued.

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/kvert/); Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (IVS FEB RAS), 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/eng/); Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) - MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. of Hawai'i, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (URL: http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/); MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity), a collaborative project between the Universities of Turin and Florence (Italy) supported by the Centre for Volcanic Risk of the Italian Civil Protection Department (URL: http://www.mirovaweb.it/); Sentinel Hub Playground (URL: https://www.sentinel-hub.com/explore/sentinel-playground).

October 2020 (BGVN 45:10) Cite this Report

New eruption during April-July 2020; ash explosions in October 2020

Karymsky is an active volcano, part of Kamchatka’s eastern volcanic zone. Eruptive activity has been frequent since 1996 and has included ash explosions, gas-and-steam and ash emissions, and thermal anomalies. The most recent eruptive period ended in September 2019 (BGVN 44:11) with a new one beginning in April 2020. Both eruptions consisted of moderate explosive activity and ash plumes. This report updates information from November 2019 through October 2020, which describes a short-lived eruption from April to July and renewed activity in October. Information comes from daily, weekly, and special reports from the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), the Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), and satellite data.

Activity at Karymsky after November 2019 primarily consisted of moderate gas-and-steam emissions and rare weak thermal anomalies in the summit crater (on 2, 8, and 17 December 2019, according to KVERT). No thermal activity was reported during January through March 2020.

Over the weeks of late March to early April 2020, minor amounts of ash were present in gas-and-steam emissions that led to trace ashfall deposits on the snowy flanks and were visible in satellite imagery (figure 47). A weak thermal anomaly was observed in satellite imagery on 6 April. On 13 April the Tokyo VAAC reported an ash plume to 2.1 km altitude drifting SE. Gas-and-steam emissions containing some ash rose 2 km altitude on 17 April and drifted up to 80 km SE on both 17 and 21 April, accompanied by a weak thermal anomaly seen in satellite data. On 18 April the Tokyo VAAC released an advisory noting an ash plume at 1.5-2.1 km altitude drifting S.

Figure 47. Sentinel-2 natural color satellite images showing ash deposits (dark gray) on the snowy flanks at Karymsky from just before the eruptive period began on 20 March 2020 (top left) through April 2020. Images with “Natural Color” (bands 4, 3, 2) rendering; courtesy of Sentinel Hub Playground.

KVERT reported intermittent thermal anomalies during May, along with moderate gas-and-steam emissions. On 10 May gas-and-steam plumes containing some ash drifted 77 km SE while ash plumes observed in HIMAWARI-8 satellite imagery rose to 2.7 km altitude. A dense plume drifting S resulted in large ash deposits covering all but the N flank of the volcano by 14 May, as observed in Sentinel-2 natural color satellite imagery (figure 48). KVERT reported that ash continued to be observed during 24-31 May, rising to a maximum altitude of 7 km on 27 May and extending in multiple directions. On 29 and 31 May explosions generated ash plumes that rose to 6 and 4 km altitude, respectively, and both extended up to 380 km SW, SE, and E. MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity) analysis of MODIS satellite data shows a pulse in thermal activity within 5 km of the summit crater starting in late May, reflecting the renewed activity (figure 49). On 1 June another strong brown-gray ash plume was seen rising from Karymsky, drifting SE in satellite imagery, depositing large amounts of ash on all flanks (figure 48).

Figure 48. Sentinel-2 natural color satellite images showing ash deposits (dark gray) on the all the snowy flanks at Karymsky on 14 May (left) and 1 June (right) 2020. Images with “Natural Color” (bands 4, 3, 2) rendering; courtesy of Sentinel Hub Playground.

Figure 49. A pulse of thermal activity at Karymsky during late May through July 2020 was seen in the MIROVA graph (Log Radiative Power). Courtesy of MIROVA.

Intermittent ash emissions and moderate explosive activity continued in June. During 1-4 June continuous ash plumes rose to a high of 4.6 km altitude and drifted up to 400 km generally E, according to KVERT and the Tokyo VAAC advisories. By 19 June, KVERT stated that possible Strombolian activity was occurring, accompanied by moderate gas-and-steam emissions and frequent thermal anomalies; Sentinel-2 thermal satellite imagery also showed a thermal anomaly in the crater (figure 50). Ash plumes and gas-and-steam plumes containing some amount of ash were seen drifting SW and NW on 30 June (figure 51).

Figure 50. Sentinel-2 thermal satellite images show a bright thermal hotspot (yellow-orange) in the summit crater of Karymsky during June 2020, sometimes accompanied by gas-and-steam emissions. Sentinel-2 satellite images with “Atmospheric penetration” (bands 12, 11, 8A) rendering; courtesy of Sentinel Hub Playground.

Figure 51. Photos of an ash plume rising from Karymsky on 30 June drifting SW (top) and a fumarolic gas plume containing some amount of ash drifting NW (bottom). Both photos by A. Sokorenko; courtesy of IVS FEB RAS, KVERT.

Similar activity continued into July, which included possible Strombolian activity, moderate gas-and-steam emissions, and frequent thermal anomalies. On 14 July a gas-and-steam plume that contained some ash drifted 26 km SW (figure 52); the Tokyo VAAC advisory reported a continuous ash plume that rose 3 km altitude and drifted SW. During 27-30 July Strombolian and Vulcanian explosions generated ash plumes that rose 3-3.7 km altitude and extended 250 km SW and SE. The frequency of thermal anomalies seen in MIROVA decreased in July; the MODVOLC system detected one thermal hotspot on 28 July.

Figure 52. Fumarolic activity at Karymsky on 14 July 2020. Photo has been color corrected. Photo by Ivan Nuzhdaev; courtesy of IVS FEB RAS, KVERT.

Activity decreased in August; thermal anomalies were reported on 5-7, 10, 18, and 21 August, the latter of which was last observed thermal anomaly, according to KVERT. Moderate gas-and-steam emissions continued to occur through the week of 3 September (figure 53). On 26 September, the Tokyo VAAC issued an advisory for a small ash plume that rose to 1.8 km altitude and extended SE.

Figure 53. Minor gas-and-steam emissions rose from Karymsky on 2 September 2020. Photo by A. Gerasimov; courtesy of KVERT.

After a brief period of little to no activity, Tokyo VAAC advisories on 10 and 11 October both reported small ash plumes that rose 1.8 km altitude and drifted SE. An ash plume on 17 October rose to 3.9 km altitude drifting E; on 20 October an ash plume drifted up to 50 km SE. KVERT reported that a new eruption began on 21 October; pilots observed explosions at 1430 that generated ash plumes up to 4 km altitude and extended 40 km SE (figure 54). Multiple ash plumes during that day rose up to 6.4 km altitude and drifted as far as 530 km SE, accompanied by a thermal anomaly. Frequent ash explosions continued through the end of the month, with the highest plume rising to an altitude of 6 km on 30 October. In late October two thermal anomalies were detected in MIROVA.

Figure 54. Frame from a video of the eruption at Karymsky on 21 October 2020. The ash plume is rising 6 km altitude. Video by Bel-Kam-Tour, courtesy of Russia Today.

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/kvert/); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), 1-3-4 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8122, Japan (URL: http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/svd/vaac/data/); MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity), a collaborative project between the Universities of Turin and Florence (Italy) supported by the Centre for Volcanic Risk of the Italian Civil Protection Department (URL: http://www.mirovaweb.it/); Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) - MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. of Hawai'i, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (URL: http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/); Sentinel Hub Playground (URL: https://www.sentinel-hub.com/explore/sentinel-playground); Bel-Kam-Tour, st. Elizova, 39 Paratunka Kamchatka Krai, 684000, Russia (URL: https://bel-kam-tour.business.site/); Russia Today (RT), Borovaya St., 3 bldg. 1, Moscow 111020 (URL: https://www.rt.com/).

May 2021 (BGVN 46:05) Cite this Report

Explosions during November 2020-January 2021; new eruptive episode in April 2021

Karymsky, part of Kamchatka’s eastern volcanic zone, has had frequent eruptions since 1996 that have included ash explosions, ash plumes, gas-and-steam emissions, and thermal anomalies. Its most recent eruption began in April 2020 and has been characterized by ash explosions, ash plumes, ashfall, gas-and-steam emissions, and thermal anomalies (BGVN 45:10). This report covers activity from November 2020 through April 2021 and describes the start of a new eruption in April. Information comes from daily, weekly, and special reports from the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), the Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), and satellite data.

During the first half of November 2020 activity consisted of intermittent explosions accompanied by thermal anomalies. During 1-2 November an explosion sent ash plume to 6.5 km altitude that extended as far as 60 km ENE and 30 km SW. An ash explosion on 8 November generated an ash plume that rose to 8 km altitude and drifted 230 km NE. According to the Tokyo VAAC ash plumes were observed on 9 and 11 November that rose to 6 and 7 km, respectively. Intermittent thermal anomalies were observed in satellite data throughout the month.

Moderate gas-and-steam emissions were observed intermittently during December, sometimes accompanied by thermal anomalies. On 10 December, at 0845 local time, explosions generated ash plumes that rose to 6-7 km altitude and drifted NW. Ash explosions continued throughout the day, drifting as far as 220 km NW, W, and SW. Subsequent ash plumes were reported on 13 and 18 December that rose to 3.9 km altitude and drifted N, and 2.7 km altitude that drifted SW, respectively. Explosions on 26 and 30 December produced ash plumes that rose to 4-5 km altitude and drifted as far as 70 km NW. The Tokyo VAAC reported ash plumes to 5.2 km altitude that drifted NW and N on 27 December, to 3 km altitude that drifted SE on 29 December, and to 4.6 km altitude that drifted W on 31 December.

Similar ash explosions accompanied by thermal anomalies were reported during early January 2021. On 1 January the Tokyo VAAC reported an ash plume that rose up to 5.2 km altitude and drifted S, followed the next day by explosions that sent plumes to 5.5 km altitude and drifted 130 km SE. Some of the resulting ash deposits on the snow-covered flanks were observed in Sentinel-2 natural color satellite imagery (figure 55). KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over a lava dome was visible in satellite images during 14-15, 20-24, and 27 January. Explosivity significantly decreased in February and activity was primarily characterized by moderate gas-and-steam emissions and a thermal anomaly that was last detected on 5 February.

Figure 55. Sentinel-2 natural color satellite images showing fresh ash deposits (dark gray) on the snowy flanks at Karymsky, occasionally accompanied by white gas-and-steam plumes, as seen on 3 (top left) and 28 (top right) December 2020 and 2 January (bottom left) 2020. Satellite images with “Natural Color” (bands 4, 3, 2) rendering. Courtesy of Sentinel Hub Playground.

During 2-6 April a thermal anomaly was detected in satellite data, according to KVERT. Explosions on 4 April at 1130 local time resulted in ash plumes that rose to 8.5 km altitude, which then drifted NE for 255 km during the day, marking the beginning of a new eruptive episode. On 11 April at 1745 ash explosions rose to 4 km altitude and drifted 67-115 km SE, according to a VONA (Volcano Observatory Notice for Aviation). KVERT continued to report weak thermal anomalies that were visible in satellite images during 9-12, 16-17, 22-23, and 29 April.

MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity) analysis of MODIS satellite data shows three small clusters of low-to-moderate strength thermal anomalies during early November, early December 2020, and early January 2021 (figure 56), which each coincided with explosion events reported by KVERT. No thermal activity was detected after late January through April, according to the MIROVA graph, though KVERT noted thermal anomalies during early February and again in early April. A total of two thermal hotspots were detected by the MODVOLC thermal algorithm on 10 December, which was also visible in an infrared satellite image. Sentinel-2 infrared satellite images captured white gas-and-steam plumes rising from the summit during 10 November and 10 December; on 10 December the explosive events were accompanied by a strong thermal anomaly that was visible through the clouds (figure 57). Weaker thermal anomalies were observed in the summit crater on clear weather days on 25 December and 14 January 2021, which were also reported by KVERT (figure 57).

Figure 56. Small clusters of low-to-moderate strength thermal anomalies at Karymsky were detected during early November, early December 2020, and early January 2021 as seen in the MIROVA graph (Log Radiative Power). Courtesy of MIROVA.

Figure 57. Sentinel-2 infrared satellite images show strong degassing plumes from the summit crater of Karymsky on 10 November (top left) and 10 December (top right) 2020 both drifting W. On 10 December a strong thermal anomaly was visible at the summit but was mostly obscured by clouds. On 25 December (bottom left) 2020 and 14 January (bottom right) 2021 faint thermal anomalies were still visible in the crater, accompanied by some ash deposits (black color). Sentinel-2 satellite images with “Atmospheric penetration” (bands 12, 11, 8A) rendering. Courtesy of Sentinel Hub Playground.

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/kvert/); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), 1-3-4 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8122, Japan (URL: http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/svd/vaac/data/); MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity), a collaborative project between the Universities of Turin and Florence (Italy) supported by the Centre for Volcanic Risk of the Italian Civil Protection Department (URL: http://www.mirovaweb.it/); Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) - MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. of Hawai'i, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (URL: http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/); Sentinel Hub Playground (URL: https://www.sentinel-hub.com/explore/sentinel-playground).

November 2021 (BGVN 46:11) Cite this Report

Ash explosions during June-October 2021

Karymsky is part of Kamchatka’s eastern volcanic zone is a highly active volcano that has been characterized by ash explosions, ash plumes, gas-and-steam plumes, and thermal anomalies. The most recent eruption began on April 2020 and has continued during this reporting period of May through October 2021; activity has included ash explosions, ash plumes, and resulting visible ash deposits (BGVN 46:05). Information comes from daily, weekly, and special reports from the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), the Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), and satellite data.

Activity during May and June was relatively low and consisted mostly of a weak thermal anomaly in the summit crater that was visible in satellite images during clear weather days. Thermal anomalies continued to be detected intermittently through the reporting period. During 6-8, 15, and 17 June ash plumes drifted 40-70 km NE.

Ash explosions and strong ash plumes were reported during July, along with a thermal anomaly. During 6-11 and 15 July ash plumes were noted in both KVERT VONAs (Volcano Observatory Notice for Aviation) and weekly reports; they rose to 1.1-2.5 km altitude and drifted 36-350 km in multiple directions (figure 58). Explosions during 21-23 July produced ash plumes that rose to 1.5-1.6 km altitude and drifted as far as 100 km SE, NE, and N (figure 59). Some of these stronger explosions were also detected in satellite data, accompanied by a strong thermal anomaly. Multiple explosions continued to be detected through the rest of July, which generated ash plumes that rose to 2 km altitude and drifted as far as 350 km E.

Figure 58. Photo of an explosive eruption at Karymsky generating a strong ash plume on 9 July 2021. Photo by A. Reznikov; courtesy of IVS FEB RAS, KVERT.

Figure 59. Photo of the explosion at Karymsky that generated a dense gray ash plume on 24 July 2021. Photo by G. Volynets; courtesy of IVS FEB RAS, KVERT.

Explosions continued into August, producing strong ash plumes, accompanied by a thermal anomaly. During 1, 4-5, 6-15, 19, and 27 August explosions produced gas-and-steam and ash plumes that rose to 1.3-2.5 km altitude and drifted 23-75 km SE and ESE (figure 60). The Tokyo VAAC reported that multiple ash plumes rose to 2.4-3.4 km altitude and drifted SE, SW, S, and E during 17-21 August. On 19 August an explosion generated an ash plume rose to 2-2.5 km altitude and drifted 60 km ESE. Ash plumes during 19-20 August rose to 2.4 km altitude and drifted E. During 20-27 August daily gas-and-ash plumes were detected in satellite images and extended 94 km NE, E, and SE. According to Tokyo VAAC advisories issued during 25-27 August ash plumes rose to 3-4.6 km altitude and drifted E and NE, based on information from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Airport (UHPP) and satellite data. On 27 August gas-and-steam plumes containing some amount of ash extended for 94 km to the E, SE, and NE.

Figure 60. Photo of an explosive event at Karymsky that generated an ash plume up to 3 km altitude on 8 August 2021. Photo by N. Gorbach; courtesy of IVS FEB RAS, KVERT.

Intermittent explosions and ash plumes continued to be detected during September, rising as high as 1-7 km altitude, and drifting 25-180 km in multiple directions. An explosion on 10 September generated an ash plume to 2 km altitude that drifted 116 km E (figure 61). On 15 September an explosion produced an ash cloud that rose 2.5-3 km altitude was 11 km in diameter that drifted 180 km SE.

Figure 61. Photo of an explosion and a strong ash plume at Karymsky on 10 September 2021. Photo by V. Malinovsky; courtesy of IVS FEB RAS, KVERT.

On 19 October KVERT lowered the Aviation Color Code (ACC) to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale), reporting that only gas-and-steam emissions persisted after the ash explosions on 26 September. However, during 19-20 October explosions generated ash plumes that rose to 4-5 km altitude and drifted 90-225 km ENE, prompting KVERT to raise the ACC to Orange. Explosions continued during 22 and 26-30 October, producing ash plumes that rose to 2.3-4 km altitude and drifted 32-120 km E and SE.

MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity) analysis of MODIS satellite data shows two moderate-power thermal anomalies in early June, followed by intermittent low- to moderate-power anomalies during July through September (figure 62). A total of five thermal alerts were detected by the MODVOLC thermal algorithm on 6, 21 (2), and 23 (2) July 2021. During clear weather days, much of this thermal activity was visible in Sentinel-2 infrared satellite imagery of the summit crater, accompanied by strong ash plumes and gas-and-steam emissions that drifted in different directions (figure 63).

Figure 62. Two thermal anomalies were detected in early June 2021 at Karymsky, which was followed by intermittent low- to moderate-power anomalies during July through September 2021, as seen in the MIROVA graph (Log Radiative Power). Three low-power anomalies were also detected during mid- to late-October. Courtesy of MIROVA.

Figure 63. Sentinel-2 infrared satellite images show strong thermal anomalies accompanied by gas-and-steam and ash plumes from the summit crater of Karymsky. On 23 June (top left) a small anomaly was visible, which grew in intensity by 23 July (top right), accompanied by a gray ash plume that drifted NE. The anomaly remained strong on 26 July (middle left), 25 August (middle right), 4 September (bottom left), and 19 September (bottom right) 2021 with plumes that extended SE and E. Sentinel-2 satellite images with “Atmospheric penetration” (bands 12, 11, 8A) rendering. Courtesy of Sentinel Hub Playground.

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/kvert/); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), 1-3-4 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8122, Japan (URL: http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/svd/vaac/data/); MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity), a collaborative project between the Universities of Turin and Florence (Italy) supported by the Centre for Volcanic Risk of the Italian Civil Protection Department (URL: http://www.mirovaweb.it/); Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) - MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. of Hawai'i, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (URL: http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/); Sentinel Hub Playground (URL: https://www.sentinel-hub.com/explore/sentinel-playground).

June 2022 (BGVN 47:06) Cite this Report

Strong ash explosions and ashfall during November 2021-April 2021

Karymsky is located in Kamchatka’s eastern volcanic zone and was constructed within a 5-km-wide caldera during the early Holocene. Its first observed eruption occurred in 1771, with more recent activity characterized by ash explosions, ash plumes, gas-and-steam plumes, and thermal anomalies. The current eruption began in April 2020 and has primarily consisted of ash explosions and ash plumes (BGVN 46:11). This report updates information during November 2021 through April 2022 using daily, weekly, and special reports from the Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), the Tokyo and Anchorage Volcanic Ash Advisory Centers (VAAC), and satellite data.

Strong ash explosions occurred in the beginning of November, accompanied by frequent ash plumes. On 1 November explosions generated an ash plume to 3.5 km altitude that drifted 35-50 km SE and ESE. According to the Tokyo VAAC, ash plumes rose as high as 7.9 km altitude on 3 November and drifted SE and E. A significant explosive eruption on 4 November produced notable ash plumes that were described in a series of VONAs issued by KVERT and the Tokyo and Anchorage VAACs. The plume on 4 November rose to 10.5 km altitude and extended as far as 2,800 km over the Pacific Ocean. Satellite images acquired at 1750 showed two large ash clouds drifting 1,090 km E and 460 km SE. Ashfall was observed the next day at Medny Island and Berin Island. On 5 November ash plumes rose to 3-5.5 km altitude and drifted E and NE. On 6 November another strong explosive event produced an ash plume that rose to 8 km altitude and drifted 500 km ENE and 61 km ESE, which prompted KVERT to raise the Aviation Color Code (ACC) to Red (the highest level on a four-color scale). On 7 November an ash plume rose to 4.8-6 km altitude and drifted 110 km NE and 90 km NW; KVERT lowered the ACC to Orange (the second high level on a four-color scale). Ash explosions continued intermittently through 25 November, with plumes rising to 8 km and drifting in different directions as far as 400 km. Thermal anomalies accompanying ash plumes were often visible. During 2-3 December ash explosions generated plumes that rose to 4.5 km altitude that drifted 235 km ENE, accompanied by a thermal anomaly. Anomalies were also occasionally visible in satellite imagery through the rest of the month.

Similar activity persisted in January; thermal anomalies were intermittently observed in satellite imagery. On 11 January an explosion sent ash up to 5 km altitude and drifted 80 km SW. On 13 January an ash plume rose to 6 km altitude and extended 10 km NNW. Ash explosions on 15 and 17 January generated ash plumes that rose to 7 km altitude and drifted 172 km W. During February, no explosions were reported by KVERT, thermal anomalies, however, were visible in satellite imagery throughout the month.

Low activity occurred during March and into late April, consisting dominantly of occasional thermal anomalies. On 20 April a powerful explosive event at 0905 produced an ash plume that rose to 11 km altitude and drifted more than 2,000 km NE (figure 64). As a result, ashfall was reported on the territory of the Kronotsky Reserve (Semyachinsky, Valley of Geysers; 50 km NE), and at Cape Nalychevo (100 km S) and KVERT raised the ACC to Red. Plumes continued to rise 5-8.7 km altitude and drifted 302 km NE, 260 km S, and 220 km SE. By 1544, the ACC was lowered to Orange. Ash explosions continued to be reported during 17-19, 21-22, and 28 April, with ash plumes rising as high as 10 km altitude on 28 April at 1410. Plumes drifted 500 km NE, SW, SE, and E during 17-19 and 21 April, 95 km E and SE during 21-22, and as far as 1,000 km WNW on 28 April.

Figure 64. Photo of a large ash plume rising to 10 km altitude from Karymsky on 19 April 2022. Taken from Olga Bay of Kronotsky Bay, Maly Semyachik Volcano in the foreground. Courtesy of A. Eliseeva, Kronotsky Reserve, KVERT.

MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity) analysis of MODIS satellite data showed a strong pulse in thermal activity in early to mid-November (figure 65). By late November, both the strength and frequency of those anomalies had sharply declined. Two anomalies were detected during early December, and one occurred near the end of the month. After that, thermal activity was relatively low, consisting of only one anomaly in late January, and one in late February. In late April, activity briefly increased again, with about six moderate thermal anomalies. According to data from the MODVOLC thermal algorithm, a total of 15 thermal alerts were detected: 10 on 3 November, one on 4 November, one on 5 November, one on 20 April 2022, and two on 22 April. During clear weather days, this thermal activity on 5 November and 22 April was strongly visible in Sentinel-2 infrared satellite imagery (figure 66). Occasional ash plumes and gas-and-steam emissions were also visible in satellite images; however, on 22 April, at least four lava flows were visible descending the SW, S, and E flanks.

Figure 65. A strong pulse of thermal activity was detected in November 2021 at Karymsky, which rapidly decreased by the end of the month, according to this MIROVA graph (Log Radiative Power). Three anomalies were detected in December 2021 and activity remained low through late April, with one anomaly occurring in late January 2022 and one in late February 2022. Another small pulse in thermal activity occurred in late April that consisted of six anomalies. Courtesy of MIROVA.

Figure 66. Sentinel-2 infrared satellite images show a strong thermal anomaly at the summit crater of Karymsky on 5 November 2021 (top left) and 22 April 2022 (bottom right). A weaker anomaly was visible on 25 December 2021 (top right). Frequent gas-and-steam emissions also accompanied these anomalies. On 7 January 2022 (bottom left), an ash plume drifted SW, depositing some ash near the crater and on the SW flank (light black color). On 22 April at least four lava flows were visible descending the SW, S, and E flanks. Sentinel-2 satellite images with “Atmospheric penetration” (bands 12, 11, 8A) rendering. Courtesy of Sentinel Hub Playground.

Information Contacts: Kamchatka Volcanic Eruptions Response Team (KVERT), Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Piip Blvd., Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006, Russia (URL: http://www.kscnet.ru/ivs/kvert/); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), 1-3-4 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8122, Japan (URL: http://ds.data.jma.go.jp/svd/vaac/data/); Anchorage Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC), Alaska Aviation Weather Unit, NWS NOAA US Dept of Commerce, 6930 Sand Lake Road, Anchorage, AK 99502-1845 USA (URL: http://vaac.arh.noaa.gov/); MIROVA (Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity), a collaborative project between the Universities of Turin and Florence (Italy) supported by the Centre for Volcanic Risk of the Italian Civil Protection Department (URL: http://www.mirovaweb.it/); Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) - MODVOLC Thermal Alerts System, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST), Univ. of Hawai'i, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA (URL: http://modis.higp.hawaii.edu/); Sentinel Hub Playground (URL: https://www.sentinel-hub.com/explore/sentinel-playground).

November 2022 (BGVN 47:11) Cite this Report

Intermittent ash explosions until early August 2022; ongoing thermal anomalies and steam plumes

Figure 67. Photo of an ash plume that rose to 3.2 km altitude at Karymsky on 4 May 2022. Courtesy of S. Samoylenko, KVERT.

Figure 68. Photo of fumarolic activity rising above Karymsky on 16 June 2022. Courtesy of V. Shchirik, KVERT.

Figure 69. Photo of an explosive event at Karymsky at 2144 UTC on 2 August 2022. The ash plume rose to 5.5 km altitude, about 4 km above the summit. Courtesy of V. Dyadina, KVERT.

Figure 70. Photo of white gas-and-steam emissions at Karymsky on 11 October 2022. Courtesy of V. Yaschuk, KB GS RAS, KVERT.

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Synonyms

Cones

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Dvor

Stratovolcano

Pra-Karymsky

Stratovolcano

54° 5' 0" N

159° 25' 0" E

Thermal

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Karymsky Springs

Hot Spring

Basic Data

Volcano Number

Last Known Eruption

Elevation

Latitude
Longitude

300130

2024 CE

1,513 m / 4,964 ft

54.049°N
159.443°E

Morphology

Volcano Landform
Composite

Volcano Types
Stratovolcano
Caldera(s)
Lava dome

Rock Types

Major
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Dacite

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone
Continental crust (> 25 km)

Population

Within 5 km
Within 10 km
Within 30 km
Within 100 km

0
0
291
10,848

Geological Summary

Karymsky, the most active volcano of Kamchatka's eastern volcanic zone, is a symmetrical stratovolcano constructed within a 5-km-wide caldera that formed during the early Holocene. The caldera cuts the south side of the Pleistocene Dvor volcano and is located outside the north margin of the large mid-Pleistocene Polovinka caldera, which contains the smaller Akademia Nauk and Odnoboky calderas. Most seismicity preceding Karymsky eruptions originated beneath Akademia Nauk caldera, located immediately south. The caldera enclosing Karymsky formed about 7600-7700 radiocarbon years ago; construction of the stratovolcano began about 2000 years later. The latest eruptive period began about 500 years ago, following a 2300-year quiescence. Much of the cone is mantled by lava flows less than 200 years old. Historical eruptions have been vulcanian or vulcanian-strombolian with moderate explosive activity and occasional lava flows from the summit crater.

References

The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography.

Braitseva O A, 1998. Phreatomagmatic eruption in Lake Karymskoe (East Kamchatka) ~6500 14C years B.P. and Holocene episodes of basalt magma injection under the Karymsky area. Volc Seism, 19: 685-692 (English translation).

Braitseva O A, Melekestsev I V, 1991. Eruptive history of Karymsky volcano, Kamchatka, USSR, based on tephra stratigraphy and 14C dating. Bull Volcanol, 53: 195-206.

Erlich E N, 1986. Geology of the calderas of Kamchatka and Kurile Islands with comparison to calderas of Japan and the Aleutians, Alaska. U S Geological Survey Open-File Report, 86-291: 1-300. https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86291

Erlich E N, Gorshkov G S (eds), 1979. Quaternary volcanism and tectonics in Kamchatka. Bull Volcanol, 42: 1-4.

Fedotov S A, Masurenkov Y P (eds), 1991. Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka. Moscow: Nauka Pub, 2 volumes.

IAVCEI, 1973-80. Post-Miocene Volcanoes of the World. IAVCEI Data Sheets, Rome: Internatl Assoc Volc Chemistry Earth's Interior.

Johnson J B, Aster R C, Ruiz M C, Malone S D, McChesney P J, Lees J M, Kyle P R, 2003. Interpretation and utility of infrasonic records from erupting volcanoes. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 121: 15-63.

Johnson J B, Lees J M, 2000. Plugs and chugs--seismic and acoustic observations of degassing explosions at Karymsky, Russia and Sangay, Ecuador. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 101: 67-82.

Kozhemyaka N N, 1995. Active volcanoes of Kamchatka: types and growth time of cones, total volumes of erupted material, productivity, and composition of rocks. Volc Seism, 16: 581-594 (English translation).

Leonov V L, Grib Y N, 2005. Late-Pleistocene geology and structural control of the Karymsky volcanic center geothermal fields, Kamchatka: evidence for evolution of magmatic. Proc World Geotherm Cong 2005, Antalya, Turkey, 24-29 April 2005, p 1-8.

Luchitsky I V (ed), 1974. History of the Development of Relief of Siberia and the Far East. Kamchatka, Kurile and Komander Islands. Moscow: Nauka Pub, 439 p (in Russian).

Melekestsev I V, Braitseva O A, Ponomareva V V, 1989. Prediction of volcanic hazards on the basis of the study of dynamics of volcanic activity, Kamchatka. In: Latter J H (ed), Volcanic Hazards - Assessment and Monitoring, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, p 10-35.

Ozerov A, Ispolatov I, Lees J, 2003. Modeling Strombolian eruptions of Karymsky volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 122: 265-280.

Ponomareva V V, Melekestsev I V, Dirksen O V, 2006. Sector collapses and large landslides on late Pleistocene-Holocene volcanoes in Kamchatka, Russia. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 158: 117-138.

Vakin E A, Pilipenko G F, 1998. Hydrothermal activity in Lake Karymskoe after the 1996 underwater eruption. Volc Seism, 19: 737-767 (English translation).

Vlodavetz V I, Piip B I, 1959. Kamchatka and Continental Areas of Asia. Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World and Solfatara Fields, Rome: IAVCEI, 8: 1-110.

Eruptive History

There is data available for 54 confirmed Holocene eruptive periods.

2024 Jun 20 - 2024 Oct 17 (continuing) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 \| Eruption
2024 Jun 20 - 2024 Oct 17 (continuing)				Evidence from Observations: Reported

2020 Apr 1 - 2022 Aug 7 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 3

Episode 1 \| Eruption
2020 Apr 1 - 2020 Jul 30				Evidence from Observations: Reported

Episode 2 | Eruption

2020 Sep 26 - 2021 Feb 5

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 1 Events for Episode 2

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	2020 Nov 8	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)	Ash plume 8 km altitude

Episode 3 \| Eruption
2021 Apr 2 - 2022 Aug 7				Evidence from Observations: Reported

2019 Feb 16 - 2019 Sep 24 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

2019 Feb 16 - 2019 Sep 24

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 1 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

2018 Apr 28 - 2018 Sep 30 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 3

Episode 1 | Eruption

2018 Apr 28 - 2018 Sep 30

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	2018 Jul 14	- - - -	Explosion	An eruption at 2120 on 14 July sent a plume to 7.6 km altitude (6.1 km above the summit) that drifted S.
	2018 Jul 14	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)	VEI 3.

2017 Jun 4 - 2018 Feb 11 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 3

Episode 1 | Eruption

2017 Jun 4 - 2017 Oct 4

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 58 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
2017 Jun 4	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption at 1240 UTC on 3 June extending E at 2.7 km altitude. Emissions were continuing at 1720 UTC. Ash was reported at 2320 UTC extending NE at 3.0 km altitude. Possible emissions were continuing at 0520 UTC on 4 June, but were no longer identifiable at 1130 UTC.
2017 Jun 4	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on Tokyo VAAC data, KVERT reported that an explosive eruption at Karymsky began at 0040. An ash plume rose 3 km and drifted over 40 km NE. Less than four hours later ash plumes rose 2 km and drifted 85 km ENE.
2017 Jun 4 (in or after)	2017 Jun 9 (in or before)	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images.
2017 Jun 5	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 0550 UTC extending E at 3.9 km altitude. Ash had dissipated in satellite imagery by 1130 UTC.
2017 Jun 6	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 1610 UTC on 5 June extending SE at 3.9 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 2020 UTC moving SE at 3.9 km altitude. Ash had dissipated on satellite imagery at 2320 UTC.
2017 Jun 7	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 1300 UTC on 6 June exending S at 2.7 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 1720 UTC but was not identifiabel in satellite imagery at 2320 UTC.
2017 Jun 9	- - - -	Explosion	KVERT reported that explosions generated ash plumes that rose 2-3 km and drifted 70 km E, SE, and SW.
2017 Jun 9	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8, KVERT, and UHPP information, the Tokyo VAAC noted that ash was reported at 2120 UTC on 8 June extending SW at 2.1 km altitude. Ash emissions were continuing at 2320 UTC. Ash emissions were continuing at 0520 on 9 June moving S at 2.1 km altitude, but were no longer identifiable in satellite imagery at 1120 UTC.
2017 Jun 10 (in or after)	2017 Jun 17 (in or before)	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 10-12 and 14-15 June.
2017 Jun 23 (in or after)	2017 Jun 28 (in or before)	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 23-24 and 27-28 June.
2017 Jun 24	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 0450 UTC extending SW at 3.9 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 1120 UTC, but had dissipated on satellite imagery by 1720 UTC.
2017 Jun 24	- - - -	Ash Plume	KVERT reported that an ash plume drifted 55 km SW.
2017 Jun 25	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 2140 UTC on 24 June extending S at 3.7 km altitude. Ash was reported at 2300 UTC extending SSW at 4.3 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 0520 UTC and 1120 UTC on 25 June extending SE at 4.3 km altitude. It was not identifiable on satellite imagery at 1720 UTC.
2017 Jun 26	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 and UHPP information, the Tokyo VAAC noted that ash was reported at 0051 UTC extending S at 3.0 km altitude. It was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 0520 UTC and had dissipated by 1120 UTC.
2017 Jun 27	2017 Jun 28	Explosion	KVERT reported that explosions generated ash plumes that rose to an altitude of 6 km and drifted 165 km SE.
2017 Jun 27	2017 Jun 28	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 1940 UTC on 26 June extending S at 6.1 km altitude. Emissions were continuing at 2320 UTC. Ash was moving SE at 6.1 km altitude at 0520 UTC and 1120 UTC on 27 June. Ash was moving SW at 6.1 km altitude and S at 4.3 km altitude at 1720 UTC. It was not identifiable on satellite imagery at 2330 UTC.
2017 Jun 28	- - - -	Thermal Anomaly	A MODVOLC thermal alert was issued.
2017 Jun 29	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 1200 UTC on 28 June extending S at 4.3 km altitude. Another possible eruption was observed at 1540 UTC extending S at 3.0 km altitude. Ash from the previous emission had dissipated and new ash was observed in satellite imagery. Ash had dissipated by 2320 UTC.
2017 Jul 1 (in or after)	2017 Jul 3 (in or before)	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images.
2017 Jul 3	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 and UHPP information, the Tokyo VAAC noted that ash was reported at 0540 UTC extending W at 3.9 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 1120 UTC.
2017 Jul 4	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 1620 UTC on 3 July extending NE at 4.6 km altitude. Another possible eruption was observed at 2300 UTC extending W at 3.0 km altitude. Another possible eruption was observed at 0340 UTC on 4 July extending N at 3.9 km altitude. Ash was no longer identifiable in satellite imagery at 0830 UTC.
2017 Jul 7 (in or after)	2017 Jul 12 (in or before)	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 7 and 11-12 July.
2017 Jul 11	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 and KVERT information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 1910 UTC on 10 July extending SW at 3.7 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 2320 UTC. Ash had dissipated on satellite imagery by 0520 UTC on 11 July. A new possible eruption was observed at 0510 UTC extending S at 3.9 km altitude. Ash was reported at 0701 UTC extending S at 4.3 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 1120 UTC. Ash had dissipated at 1720 UTC.
2017 Jul 11	2017 Jul 12	Ash Plume	KVERT reported that ash plumes drifted 170 km SW and SE on 10 and 11 July (UTC), respectively.
2017 Jul 12	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 1730 UTC on 11 July extending S at 3.9 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 2320 UTC. Ash was no longer identifiable at 0520 UTC on 12 July.
2017 Jul 13	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 1350 UTC on 12 July extending SE at 4.3 km altitude. Possible ash emissions were continuing at 1720 UTC. Ash was not identifiable at 2320 UTC.
2017 Jul 18	- - - -	Explosion	KVERT reported that explosions generated ash plumes that rose 1.7 km.
2017 Jul 18	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 and UHPP information, the Tokyo VAAC noted that ash was reported at 0355 UTC extending SW at 5.2 km altitude. Ash emissions were continuing at 0820 UTC. Ash was not identifiable at 1120 UTC.
2017 Jul 18 (in or after)	2017 Jul 20 (in or before)	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported that satellite images showed a weak thermal anomaly over the volcano.
2017 Jul 20	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 1230 UTC on 19 July extending W at 4.3 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 1720 UTC. A new possible eruption was observed at 2220 UTC extending SW at 3.9 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite data at 0220 UTC on 20 July moving W at 3.9 km altitude. Ash was not identifiable at 0520 UTC. A possible new eruption was observed at 0530 UTC extending E at 4.3 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite data at 1120 UTC. Ash was not identifiable at 1720 UTC.
2017 Jul 20	- - - -	Ash Plume	KVERT reported ash plumes drifting 117 km E.
2017 Jul 27	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 0100 UTC extending NE at 3.0 km altitude. A possible eruption was observed at 0340 UTC extending NE at 4.6 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 0820 UTC. Ash had dissipated by 1120 UTC.
2017 Aug 1	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 2100 UTC on 31 July extending NE at 2.7 km altitude. Ash emissions were continuing at 2320 UTC. Ash had dissipated by 0520 UTC on 1 August.
2017 Aug 1	2017 Aug 3	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported that satellite images showed a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky on 1 and 3-4 August.
2017 Aug 2	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 0340 UTC extending S at 3.7 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 0520 UTC and 1120 UTC. Ash had dissipated at 1720 UTC.
2017 Aug 3	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 2210 UTC on 2 August extending SE at 2.4 km altitude. Ash emissions were continuing at 0220 UTC on 3 August moving SE at 3.7 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 0520 UTC. Ash had dissipated by 1120 UTC.
2017 Aug 3	- - - -	Ash Plume	KVERT reported ash plumes drifting about 30 km ESE.
2017 Aug 4	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 and UHPP information, the Tokyo VAAC noted that ash was reported at 0457 UTC extending SE at 6.1 km altitude. Ash emissions were continuing at 1120 UTC, moving W at 6.1 km altitude. Ash was not identifiable in satellite imagery at 1720 UTC.
2017 Aug 4	2017 Aug 9	Ash Plume	KVERT reported ash plumes drifting about 70 km NE and SW during 4 and 7-9 August UTC.
2017 Aug 6	2017 Aug 10	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images.
2017 Aug 8	2017 Aug 9	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 2010 UTC on 7 August moving NW at 2.4 km altitude. Ash emissions were continuing at 2320 UTC and 0520 UTC on 8 August moving W at 2.4 km altitude. Ash emissions were continuing at 1120 UTC, 1720 UTC and 2330 UTC moving SW at 2.4 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 0520 UTC on 9 August. Ash was not identifiable in satellite imagery at 1130 UTC.
2017 Aug 11	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 0600 UTC extending E at 3.0 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 1120 UTC extending S at 3.0 km altitude. Ash was not identifiable in satellite imagery at 1720 UTC.
2017 Aug 11	- - - -	Thermal Anomaly	A thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images.
2017 Aug 13	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 1740 UTC on 12 August extending E at 7.0 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 2320 UTC extending SE at 7.0 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 0520 UTC 0820 UTC on 13 August extending SE at 7.0 km altitude. The Anchorage VAAC reported residual ash from the eruption at 1200 UTC.
2017 Aug 13	- - - -	Ash Plume	KVERT reported ash plumes drifting about 400 km SE.
2017 Aug 13	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)	VEI 3
2017 Sep 15	2017 Sep 16	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images during 15-16 September.
2017 Sep 20	- - - -	Explosion	Based on satellite data, KVERT reported that ash explosions occurred at 0420 producing an ash cloud that drifted 95-100 km NNE.
2017 Sep 20	- - - -	Ash Plume	KVERT reported that an ash cloud rose to 7 km altitude and drifted for about 100 km NE.
2017 Sep 20	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 1740 UTC on 19 September extending N at 7.0 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 2320 UTC. Ash was not identifiable in satellite imagery at 0520 UTC on 20 September.
2017 Sep 20	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)	VEI 3
2017 Sep 23	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 2130 UTC on 22 September extending E at 2.7 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 0220 UTC and 0520 on 23 September moving SE at 2.7 km altitude. Ash had dissipated by 1120 UTC.
2017 Sep 23	- - - -	Ash Plume	KVERT reported that an ash cloud drifted about 54 km E.
2017 Sep 23	2017 Sep 25	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported that a weak thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images.
2017 Oct 4	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8, KVERT, and UHPP information, the Tokyo VAAC noted that ash was reported at 2132 UTC on 3 October extending ENE at 5.5 km altitude. Ash emissions were continuing at 2320 UTC moving E at 5.5 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 0520 UTC on 4 October moving SE at 5.5 km altitude. Ash was not identifiable in satellite imagery at 1120 UTC.
2017 Oct 4	- - - -	Ash Plume	KVERT reported that an ash cloud was identified in satellite images drifting about 85 km ENE.
2017 Oct 12	2017 Oct 14	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported resuspended ash moving SE and E at 2.1 km altitude.
2017 Oct 12	2017 Oct 14	Ash Plume	KVERT reported that a plume comprised of re-suspended ash was identified in satellite images drifting about 320 km E.

Episode 2 | Eruption

2017 Dec 4 - 2018 Feb 11

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 23 Events for Episode 2

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
2017 Dec 3	2017 Dec 6	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite data during 3 and 5-6 December.
2017 Dec 4	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 1830 UTC on 3 December extending E at 2.7 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 2320 UTC moving SE at 2.7 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 0520 UTC on 4 December moving E at 2.7 km altitude. Ash was not identifiable in satellite imagery at 1120 UTC.
2017 Dec 4	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on satellite data KVERT reported that an eruption began at about 0630 and generated an ash cloud that rose to an altitude of 2.7 km. An ash cloud 16 x 12 km in dimension was identified in satellite images about three hours later, 92 km E of the volcano, and later drifted 200 km E.
2017 Dec 6	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 and UHPP information, the Tokyo VAAC noted that ash was reported at 0035 UTC stationary at 3.9 km altitude. It was not identifiable from satellite data.
2017 Dec 15	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 and KVERT information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 2030 UTC on 14 December extending E at 2.7 km altitude. Eruptive activity was continuing at 2320 UTC. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 0520 UTC moving NE at 2.7 km altitude. Ash had dissipated by 1120 UTC.
2017 Dec 15	- - - -	Ash Plume	KVERT reported that an ash plume was identified in satellite data drifting 114 km ENE.
2018 Jan 18	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 0100 UTC extending SE at 4.6 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 0520 UTC. Ash was not identifiable in satellite imagery at 1120 UTC.
2018 Jan 18	- - - -	Ash Plume	KVERT reported that a small ash cloud was identified in satellite data drifting near Karymsky.
2018 Jan 19	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 1500 UTC on 18 January extending E at 3.7 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 1720 UTC. Ash was not identifiable in satellite imagery at 2320 UTC.
2018 Jan 19	2018 Jan 23	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images on 19 and 23 January.
2018 Jan 21	2018 Jan 25	Degassing	KVERT reported that gas-and-steam plumes drifted 30 km NE and NW on 21 and 25 January.
2018 Jan 23	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 2100 UTC on 22 January extending NE at 3.0 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 2320 UTC and at 0520 UTC on 23 January. Ash was not identifiable in satellite imagery at 1120 UTC.
2018 Jan 23	- - - -	Ash Plume	KVERT reported that an ash plume drifted about 100 km NE.
2018 Jan 27	- - - -	Explosion	KVERT reported that an explosion at 1430 generated ash plumes that rose as high as 5.2 km altitude and drifted 80 km NNE.
2018 Jan 27	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8, KVERT and UHPP information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 0150 UTC extending N at 3.0 km altitude. Ash was reported at 0239 UTC extending NNE at 5.5 km altitude. Possible ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 0520 UTC moving NE at 5.5 km altitude. Ash was not identifiable in satellite imagery at 1120 UTC.
2018 Jan 27	- - - -	Ash Plume	KVERT reported that an explosion at 1430 generated ash plumes that rose as high as 5.2 km altitude and drifted 80 km NNE.
2018 Jan 27	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)	VEI 2
2018 Feb 3	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 0610 UTC extending NW at 4.3 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 1120 UTC. Ash had dissipated by 1720 UTC.
2018 Feb 3	- - - -	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images.
2018 Feb 8	- - - -	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 0300 UTC extending SW at 4.9 km altitude. Possible ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 0820 UTC. Ash was not identifiable in satellite imagery at 1120 UTC.
2018 Feb 9	- - - -	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images.
2018 Feb 10	2018 Feb 11	Ash Plume	Based on HIMAWARI-8 information, the Tokyo VAAC reported a possible eruption observed at 0930 UTC extending SE at 4.6 km altitude. Ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 1420 UTC. Possible ash was continuously observed on satellite imagery at 1720 UTC moving E at 4.6 km altitude. Ash was not identifiable in satellite imagery at 2320 UTC.
2018 Feb 18	- - - -	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Karymsky was identified in satellite images.

2016 Oct 5 - 2016 Oct 8 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

Summit crater

2016 Oct 5 - 2016 Oct 8

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Summit crater

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
2016 Oct 5	2016 Oct 8	Ash Plume	Based on satellite image analysis, KVERT reported that during 5-7 October gas-and-steam plumes containing small amounts of ash and drifted 100 km SE. Ash emissions continued to drift SE on 8 October; the total length of the ash plume grew to 388 km. The Tokyo VAAC reported the ash plume on 5 (UTC)/6 (KST) October at 2.4 km altitude extending SE. Aviation alerts were issued through 8 October 2016.
2016 Oct 5	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)	VEI 2
2016 Oct 7	2016 Oct 12	Thermal Anomaly	KVERT reported a weak thermal anomaly was detected over the volcano on 7 and 12 October.

2001 Nov 15 - 2016 Apr 1 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 3

Episode 1 | Eruption

Summit and upper south flank

2001 Nov 15 - 2016 Apr 1

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 13 Events for Episode 1 at Summit and upper south flank

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Seismicity (tremor)	Before eruption.
- - - -	- - - -	Seismicity (tremor)
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Pyroclastic flow
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Lava dome
- - - -	- - - -	Cinder Cone
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Earthquakes (undefined)	Before.
- - - -	- - - -	Earthquakes (undefined)
2001 Nov 15	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)
2002 Feb 1	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)
2004 Dec 30	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1996 Jan 2 - 2000 Dec 20 (?) Confirmed Eruption VEI: 3

Episode 1 | Eruption

New summit crater SW of 1970-82 crater

1996 Jan 2 - 2000 Dec 20 (?)

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 12 Events for Episode 1 at New summit crater SW of 1970-82 crater

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Pyroclastic flow
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Bombs
- - - -	- - - -	Lightning
- - - -	- - - -	Earthquakes (undefined)	Before.
- - - -	- - - -	Earthquakes (undefined)
- - - -	- - - -	Deformation (inflation)
- - - -	- - - -	Deformation (deflation)
1996 Jan 2	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)
1998 Nov 24	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

[ 1985 May 3 (?) ] Discredited Eruption

1970 May 11 - 1982 Oct 11 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 3

Episode 1 | Eruption

1970 May 11 - 1982 Oct 11

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 11 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Pyroclastic flow
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Lava dome
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Bombs
- - - -	- - - -	Scoria	weak or small
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice
- - - -	- - - -	Earthquakes (undefined)
- - - -	- - - -	Lahar or Mudflow
1970 May 11	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1967 Nov 16 ± 15 days - 1967 Nov 16 ± 15 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 1

Episode 1 | Eruption

1967 Nov 16 ± 15 days - 1967 Nov 16 ± 15 days

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion	weak or small
	1967 Nov	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1965 May 15 ± 5 days - 1967 Feb 16 ± 15 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 3

Episode 1 | Eruption

1965 May 15 ± 5 days - 1967 Feb 16 ± 15 days

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 3 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
1965 May 15 ± 5 days	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1960 Apr 16 ± 15 days - 1964 Dec 16 ± 15 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 3

Episode 1 | Eruption

1960 Apr 16 ± 15 days - 1964 Dec 16 ± 15 days

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 5 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
1960 Apr	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)
1962 Oct 17	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)
1963 May 11	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1956 Mar 16 ± 15 days - 1957 Feb 16 ± 15 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 1

Episode 1 | Eruption

1956 Mar 16 ± 15 days - 1957 Feb 16 ± 15 days

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion	weak or small
	1956 Mar	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1955 Jul 2 ± 182 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1955 Jul 2 ± 182 days - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1955	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1953 Jul 2 ± 182 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1953 Jul 2 ± 182 days - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 3 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
1953	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1952 Nov 16 ± 15 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1952 Nov 16 ± 15 days - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 4 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Earthquakes (undefined)	Before.
1952 Nov	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1947 Apr Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1947 Apr - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1947 Apr	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1946 Sep - 1946 Oct Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1946 Sep - 1946 Oct

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1946 Sep	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1946 Apr Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1946 Apr - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1946 Apr	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1945 Sep Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1945 Sep - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 3 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
1945 Sep	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1943 Feb 1 ± 30 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1943 Feb 1 ± 30 days - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1943 Feb 1 ± 30 days	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1940 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1940 - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1940	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1938 Oct Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1938 Oct - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Phreatic activity
	1938 Oct	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1934 Nov - 1935 Feb Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

Tephra layer PM11?

1934 Nov - 1935 Feb

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Tephra layer PM11?

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
1934 Nov	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1933 Sep - 1933 Oct Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1933 Sep - 1933 Oct

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1933 Sep	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1932 Jun Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1932 Jun - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1932 Jun	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1929 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1929 - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1929	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1925 Jul Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1925 Jul - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1925 Jul	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1923 Feb Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1923 Feb - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1923 Feb	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1921 Sep Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1921 Sep - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1921 Sep	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1915 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1915 - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1915	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1912 Jan Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1912 Jan - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1912 Jan	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1911 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1911 - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1911	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1908 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1908 - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 3 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow	Uncertain
1908	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1854 Sep Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1854 Sep - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1854 Sep	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1852 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1852 - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1852	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1830 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1830 - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1830	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1771 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

1771 - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1771	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1730 ± 25 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Tephra layer PM9

1730 ± 25 years - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 4 Events for Episode 1 at Tephra layer PM9

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice

1550 (?) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

Tephra layer PM7

1550 (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Tephra layer PM7

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice

1450 (?) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

1450 (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 1 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion

1150 (?) Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2

Episode 1 | Eruption

Tephra layer PM6

1150 (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 5 Events for Episode 1 at Tephra layer PM6

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Lapilli
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice
1150 (?)	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1050 (?) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

1050 (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 1 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion

0950 (?) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

0950 (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	- - - -	- - - -	Tephra

0850 BCE (?) Confirmed Eruption VEI: 3

Episode 1 | Eruption

Tephra layer SC

0850 BCE (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 5 Events for Episode 1 at Tephra layer SC

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Pyroclastic flow
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Scoria
0850 BCE (?)	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1100 BCE (?) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

1100 BCE (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 5 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Lapilli
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice

1400 BCE (?) Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2 (?)

Episode 1 | Eruption

Tephra layer PM4

1400 BCE (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 6 Events for Episode 1 at Tephra layer PM4

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Lapilli
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice
1400 BCE (?)	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

2050 BCE (?) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

2050 BCE (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 2 Events for Episode 1

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	- - - -	- - - -	Ash

2250 BCE (?) Confirmed Eruption VEI: 4

Episode 1 | Eruption

Tephra layer PM3

2250 BCE (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 6 Events for Episode 1 at Tephra layer PM3

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Lapilli
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice
2250 BCE (?)	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

2350 BCE (?) Confirmed Eruption VEI: 3

Episode 1 | Eruption

Tephra layer PM2

2350 BCE (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 6 Events for Episode 1 at Tephra layer PM2

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Lapilli
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice
2350 BCE (?)	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

3200 BCE (?) Confirmed Eruption VEI: 4

Episode 1 | Eruption

Tephra layer PM1

3200 BCE (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 6 Events for Episode 1 at Tephra layer PM1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Lapilli
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice
3200 BCE (?)	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

3450 BCE (?) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

3450 BCE (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 3 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Tephra

4150 BCE (?) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption

4150 BCE (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 4 Events for Episode 1

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Lapilli
- - - -	- - - -	Bombs

6600 BCE (?) Confirmed Eruption VEI: 6

Episode 1 | Eruption

Karymsky caldera, Tephra layer KRM

6600 BCE (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

List of 9 Events for Episode 1 at Karymsky caldera, Tephra layer KRM

Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Pyroclastic flow
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Lapilli
- - - -	- - - -	Bombs
- - - -	- - - -	Pumice
- - - -	- - - -	Caldera	Explosion
6600 BCE (?)	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

Deformation History

There is data available for 1 deformation periods. Expand each entry for additional details.

Deformation during 1972 - 1996 [Variable (uplift / subsidence); Observed by leveling, trilateration]

Start Date: 1972

Stop Date: 1996

Direction: Variable (uplift / subsidence)

Method: leveling, trilateration

Magnitude: Unknown

Spatial Extent: Unknown

Latitude: Unknown

Longitude: Unknown

Remarks: Eruptions, earthquake swarms

Reference List: Zobin et al. 2003.

Full References:

Zobin, V. M., V. I. Levina, and M. A. Maguskin, 2003. Seismicity and crustal deformation preceding the January 1996 eruptions at Karymsky volcanic center, Kamchatka. Bull. Volcanol., 65, 477-485. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-003-0275-0

Emission History

There is no Emissions History data available for Karymsky.

Photo Gallery

The lake-filled Akademia Nauk caldera, seen here from the north with Kaymsky in the foreground, is one of three volcanoes constructed within a large mid-Pleistocene caldera. Two nested calderas, 4 x 5 km Odnoboky and 3 x 5 km Akademia Nauk formed during the late-Pleistocene. The first historical eruption from Akademia Nauk took take place on 2 January 1996, when a brief, day-long explosive eruption occurred from vents beneath the NNW part of the caldera lake.

Photo by Dan Miller (U.S. Geological Survey).

Karymsky volcano contained a 250-m-wide summit crater following the 1970-82 eruption. Karymsky Lake fills the 3 x 5 km wide Akademia Nauk caldera to the south in this early 1990's aerial photo. Both Karymsky and Akademia Nauk erupted simultaneously on 2 January 1996. The brief one-day eruption was the first historical eruption of Akademia Nauk, but long-term activity continued at Karymsky.

Photo by Dan Miller (U.S. Geological Survey).

A small ash plume rises from the summit crater of Karymsky in this photo taken during the 1970's. Near-continuous mild-to-moderate explosive eruptions took place during 1970-82. Lava flows were emitted from the summit crater in 1970, 1971, 1976, and 1979-82.

Photo by Yuri Doubik (Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk).

This ash plume rising above the summit of Karymsky during the early 1970's represents typical activity during its 1970-1982 eruption. It was constructed within a 5-km-wide caldera that formed about 6,000 years ago. The northern Karymsky caldera wall is seen across the center of the photo. It formed within the older Dvor caldera, with the caldera wall visible in the background.

Photo by Yuri Doubik, 1972 (Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk).

The shadow of Karymsky is seen here across lava flows within the caldera in which it was constructed. The NW caldera wall forms the 300-m-high cliff in the background. The 5-km-wide caldera formed during one of Kamchatka's largest Holocene eruptions about 7,500 radiocarbon years ago. Karymsky was constructed during frequent explosive and effusive eruptions during the past 6,000 years. Its recent eruptive period began about 500 years ago.

Photo by Yuri Doubik (Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk).

The lava flow in the center of the photo was erupted from Karymsky during a 1960-65 eruption. The lava flow shown in this image was erupted onto the NW flank of the cone in March 1963. Intermittent explosive and effusive activity took place from April 1960 to January 1965.

Photo by Oleg Volynets (Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk).

The 200-250 m wide Karymsky summit crater formed following a long-term eruption during 1970-82. This early 1990's photo shows the crater from the NE. Several other prominent central Kamchatka volcanoes are in the background. Zhupanovsky, to the far left, is composed of four overlapping edifices constructed along an WNW-ESE line. Koryaksky is to the left-center, and the broad Dzenzursky massif to its right.

Photo by Dan Miller (U.S. Geological Survey).

Symmetrical Karymsky volcano fills much of a 5-km-wide, early Holocene caldera. Its flanks, seen here from the south, are largely mantled by lava flows and pyroclastic deposits less than 200 years old.

Photo by Dan Miller, 1990 (U.S. Geological Survey).

The eastern margin of Karymsky caldera, which was created about 7,500 years ago, forms the steep wall across the center of the photo. Fresh, dark-colored lava flows from Karymsky cover the caldera floor. The snow-covered volcano to the NE is Maly Semyachik, which has also produced frequent historical eruptions.

Photo by Dan Miller (U.S. Geological Survey).

An acidic lake occupies Troitsky crater, the youngest and southernmost crater of Maly Semyachik where historical eruptions have occurred. The conical peak in the distance is Karymsky, 15 km SW, which was constructed within a Holocene caldera.

Photo by Dan Miller, 1990 (U.S. Geological Survey).

An aerial view from the SW on 22 July 1996 shows an ash plume rising above the summit crater of Karymsky with Maly Semyachik behind it. The 1996 eruption began on 2 January simultaneously with an eruption at nearby Akademia Nauk caldera, out of view to the right. The Akademia Nauk eruption lasted only a day, but long-term eruptions continued at Karymsky.

Photo by Phillip Kyle, 1996 (courtesy of Vera Ponomareva, Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Petropavlovsk).

An ash plume rises above the summit of Karymsky in January 1996. Explosive eruptions began on 2 January from the summit and SW flank. On the same day a powerful explosive eruption took place from Akademia Nauk caldera, the smooth area to the right. The Akademia Nauk eruption lasted only a day, but long-term activity continued at Karymsky.

Photo by Nikolai Smelov, 1996 (courtesy of Vera Ponomareva, Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Petropavlovsk).

Karymsky was constructed within a 5-km-wide caldera that formed during a major explosive eruption about 7,500 years ago. Much of the cone is mantled by lava flows less than 200 years old, seen here from a volcanological field camp on the SW flank. Frequent historical eruptions have produced explosive activity with occasional lava flows from the summit crater.

Photo by Nikolai Smelov, 1996 (courtesy of Vera Ponomareva, Institute of Volcanic Geology and Geochemistry, Petropavlovsk).

The flanks of Karymsky are composed of thick lava flows that have infilled the Karymsky caldera, seen here in 2014. The NW caldera rim is to the left.

Photo by Janine Krippner, 2014.

This July 2014 photo shows the lava flows across the SE lower flank of Karymsky, with the Karymsky caldera wall to the left. The caldera formed around 7,700 years ago and has been filling with lavas and other deposits from the cone since around 5,300 years ago. Lava flows within the caldera reach 80 m thick in the SE part.

Photo by Janine Krippner, 2014.

This breadcrust bomb was ejected from the Karymsky crater and landed below the SW flank some time before 2014. When it was erupted it was still molten and expanding in the center, causing the cooled, solidified crust to crack apart to form this typical structure.

Photo by Janine Krippner, 2014.

Thick lava flows from Karymsky have been emplaced down the flanks and have partly infilled the Karymsky caldera. The NW caldera wall is seen here in 2014, with oxidized deposits from the older cone exposed.

Photo by Janine Krippner, 2014.

GVP Map Holdings

Maps are not currently available due to technical issues.

Smithsonian Sample Collections Database

The following 1 samples associated with this volcano can be found in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences collections, and may be availble for research (contact the Rock and Ore Collections Manager). Catalog number links will open a window with more information.

Catalog Number	Sample Description	Lava Source	Collection Date
NMNH 116556-88	Pumice	--	--

External Sites

Copernicus Browser

The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions.

MIROVA

Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity.

MODVOLC Thermal Alerts

Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales.

WOVOdat
   Single Volcano View
   Temporal Evolution of Unrest
   Side by Side Volcanoes

WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.

GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments.

Volcanic Hazard Maps

The IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk has a Volcanic Hazard Maps database designed to serve as a resource for hazard mappers (or other interested parties) to explore how common issues in hazard map development have been addressed at different volcanoes, in different countries, for different hazards, and for different intended audiences. In addition to the comprehensive, searchable Volcanic Hazard Maps Database, this website contains information about diversity of volcanic hazard maps, illustrated using examples from the database. This site is for educational purposes related to volcanic hazard maps. Hazard maps found on this website should not be used for emergency purposes. For the most recent, official hazard map for a particular volcano, please seek out the proper institutional authorities on the matter.

IRIS seismic stations/networks

Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Karymsky. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice.

UNAVCO GPS/GNSS stations

Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of Karymsky. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player.

DECADE Data

The DECADE portal, still in the developmental stage, serves as an example of the proposed interoperability between The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program, the Mapping Gas Emissions (MaGa) Database, and the EarthChem Geochemical Portal. The Deep Earth Carbon Degassing (DECADE) initiative seeks to use new and established technologies to determine accurate global fluxes of volcanic CO₂ to the atmosphere, but installing CO₂ monitoring networks on 20 of the world's 150 most actively degassing volcanoes. The group uses related laboratory-based studies (direct gas sampling and analysis, melt inclusions) to provide new data for direct degassing of deep earth carbon to the atmosphere.

Large Eruptions of Karymsky

Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).

EarthChem

EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).