The Global Volcanism Program has no activity reports available for Valles Caldera.
The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Reports available for Valles Caldera.
The Global Volcanism Program has no Bulletin Reports available for Valles Caldera.
This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.
Synonyms |
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| Jemez Volcanic Field | ||||
Cones |
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| Feature Name | Feature Type | Elevation | Latitude | Longitude |
| Clara Peak | Shield volcano | |||
Craters |
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| Feature Name | Feature Type | Elevation | Latitude | Longitude |
| Cajete, El | Crater | 2670 m | 35° 50' 0" N | 106° 34' 0" W |
| Toledo | Caldera | |||
Domes |
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| Feature Name | Feature Type | Elevation | Latitude | Longitude |
| Abrigo, Cerro Del | Dome | 3149 m | 35° 56' 0" N | 106° 29' 0" W |
| Bearhead Peak | Dome | |||
| Boletas, Cerro | Dome | |||
| Chato, Cerrito | Dome | |||
| Jara, Cerro La | Dome | 2665 m | 35° 51' 0" N | 106° 30' 0" W |
| Medio, Cerro El | Dome | 3032 m | 35° 54' 0" N | 106° 27' 0" W |
| Pelon, Cerro | Dome | |||
| Picacho, Cerro | Dome | |||
| Pinnacle Peak | Dome | |||
| Polvadera Peak | Dome | |||
| Posos, Cerros De Los | Dome | 3053 m | 35° 57' 0" N | 106° 26' 0" W |
| Rabbit Mountain | Dome | 3029 m | 35° 50' 0" N | 106° 28' 0" W |
| Redondo Peak | Dome | 3441 m | 35° 52' 19" N | 106° 33' 38" W |
| Reschuelos, El | Dome | |||
| Rubio, Cerro | Dome | 3185 m | 35° 57' 0" N | 106° 24' 0" W |
| San Antonio Mountain | Dome | 3042 m | 35° 56' 0" N | 106° 37' 0" W |
| San Luis, Cerro | Dome | 2897 m | 35° 57' 0" N | 106° 32' 0" W |
| Santa Rosa, Cerro | Dome | 2954 m | 35° 57' 0" N | 106° 30' 0" W |
| Seco, Cerro | Dome | 3033 m | 35° 57' 0" N | 106° 34' 0" W |
| South Mountain | Dome | 2984 m | 35° 50' 0" N | 106° 32' 0" W |
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St. Peter's Dome
Saint Peter's Dome |
Dome | 2580 m | 35° 45' 0" N | 106° 22' 0" W |
| Toledo, Cerro | Dome | 3330 m | 36° 0' 0" N | 106° 26' 0" W |
| Turkey Ridge | Dome | 3260 m | 35° 59' 0" N | 106° 27' 0" W |
| Warm Springs Dome | Dome | 2590 m | 35° 58' 0" N | 106° 34' 0" W |
Thermal |
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| Feature Name | Feature Type | Elevation | Latitude | Longitude |
| Bathhouse Spring | Hot Spring | 2570 m | 35° 58' 0" N | 106° 34' 0" W |
| Humingbird Fumarole | Fumarole | 2000 m | 35° 49' 0" N | 106° 40' 0" W |
| Jemez Springs | Hot Spring | 1880 m | 35° 46' 0" N | 106° 42' 0" W |
| Mccauley Spring | Hot Spring | 2286 m | 35° 49' 0" N | 106° 38' 0" W |
| San Antonio Hot Springs | Hot Spring | 2650 m | 35° 56' 0" N | 106° 39' 0" W |
| Soda Dam | Thermal | 1935 m | 35° 48' 0" N | 106° 41' 0" W |
| Spence Hot Spring | Hot Spring | 2225 m | 35° 51' 0" N | 106° 38' 0" W |
| Sulphur Springs | Hot Spring | 2515 m | 35° 54' 0" N | 106° 37' 0" W |
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The Global Volcanism Program is not aware of any Holocene eruptions from Valles Caldera. If this volcano has had large eruptions (VEI >= 4) prior to 12,000 years ago, information might be found on the Valles Caldera page in the LaMEVE (Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions) database, a part of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).
There is no Deformation History data available for Valles Caldera.
There is no Emissions History data available for Valles Caldera.
Thick deposits of welded pumice form cliffs along the Jemez River valley SW of the Valles caldera, capping darker-red, bedded sedimentary rocks at the base of the canyon. The lowermost pyroclastic-flow deposit, showing pronounced columnar jointing, is the Otowi member of the Bandelier Tuff. The top of the section is the Tshirege member of the Bandelier Tuff. The two eruptions, about 1.45 and 1.1 million years ago, ejected about 600 cu km of magma and resulted in the formation of Valles caldera. 
Soda Dam, along the Jemez River, is a travertine dam formed across a gorge in Precambrian granite-gneiss SW of the rim of Valles caldera. The travertine has been deposited over the past 5000 years by carbonated thermal waters discharged along the Jemez fault zone. About 15 hot springs related to the Valles caldera thermal system are found at this location.
Redondo Peak in the center and Redondito peak on the right are the eastern half of a resurgent dome in the center of the Valles caldera, seen from the SE across the caldera moat, Valle Grande. The uplifted resurgent dome is formed primarily of densely welded Bandelier Tuff that was uplifted about 50-100,000 years after formation of the caldera. Cerro La Jara, the small hill on the caldera floor at the middle left, is a small rhyolitic lava dome erupted along ring-fractures. 
The 22-km-wide Valles caldera in northern New Mexico was formed during a series of major eruptions ending with the eruption of the Bandelier Tuff about 1 million years ago. Post-caldera uplift formed a large resurgent dome in the center of the caldera. The latest eruptions occurred about 130,000 years ago, but geothermal activity continues. This view from the caldera moat shows the rim of the 1.45 million-year-old Toledo embayment to the north, with the edge of the Cerro del Medio rhyolitic lava dome at the extreme left.
Volcanologists Bob Smith (left) and Roy Bailey (right) lead a geological field trip to Valles caldera. Redondo Peak at the upper right rises to 3430 m, 840 m above the caldera floor, and along with Redondo Border peak at the center, forms the western half of the uplifted resurgent dome seen at the center of the geologic map. The down-dropped Redondo Creek graben, which cuts diagonally through the center of the photo, has been the focus of geothermal exploration in the caldera.Maps are not currently available due to technical issues.
The following 153 samples associated with this volcano can be found in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences collections, and may be availble for research (contact the Rock and Ore Collections Manager). Catalog number links will open a window with more information.
| Catalog Number | Sample Description | Lava Source | Collection Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NMNH 117226-616 | Rhyolite | South Mountain flow; South Mountain | -- |
| NMNH 117226-631 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117226-632 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117226-633 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117226-634 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117226-635 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117226-647 | Quartzite | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117226-648 | Breccia | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117226-682 | Anorthoclase | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117226-684 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117226-699 | Anorthoclase | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-137 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-158 | Basalt | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-176 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-177 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-179 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-180 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-181 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-182 | Pumice | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-183 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-184 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-185 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-186 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-187 | Rhyolite | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-190 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-191 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-193 | Vitrophyre | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-194 | Pumice | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-196 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-197 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-198 | Anorthoclase | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-199 | Anorthoclase | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-200 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-212 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-213 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-214 | Rhyolite Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-215 | Rhyolite Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-216 | Rhyolite Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-217 | Rhyolite Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-218 | Rhyolite Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-224 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-226 | Rhyolite Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-250 | Scapolite | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-251 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-252 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-253 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-254 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-255 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-256 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-257 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-258 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-259 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-260 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-261 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-262 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-263 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-264 | Anorthoclase | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-265 | Anorthoclase | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-266 | Pumice | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-267 | Pumice | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-268 | Pumice | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-269 | Pumice | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-270 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-271 | Pumice | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-272 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-273 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-274 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-275 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-276 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-277 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-278 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-279 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-280 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-281 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-282 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-283 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-284 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-285 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-286 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-287 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-288 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-289 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-290 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-291 | Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-292 | Pumice | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-294 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-295 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-296 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-297 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-298 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-299 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-300 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-301 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-302 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-303 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-304 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-305 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-306 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-307 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-308 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-309 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-310 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-311 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-312 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-313 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-314 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-315 | Pumice | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-316 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-317 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-318 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-319 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-320 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-321 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-322 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-323 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-324 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-325 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-326 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-327 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-328 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-329 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-330 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-331 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-332 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-333 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-334 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-335 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-336 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-337 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117227-338 | Welded Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117228-36 | Pumice | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117229-6 | Sinter | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117229-7 | Volcanic Rock | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117230-284 | Rhyolite Tuff | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117230-299 | Concretion | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117230-300 | Concretion | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117231-140 | Basaltic Andesite | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117231-142 | Pumice | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117231-145 | Pumice | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117464-10 | Obsidian | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117464-11 | Obsidian | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117464-12 | Obsidian | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117464-13 | Obsidian | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117464-15 | Obsidian | Valles Rhyolite; Puerto de Abrigo Dome | -- |
| NMNH 117464-16 | Obsidian | Valles Rhyolite; Puerto de Abrigo Dome | -- |
| NMNH 117464-17 | Obsidian | Valles Rhyolite; Puerto de Abrigo Dome | -- |
| NMNH 117464-18 | Obsidian | Valles Rhyolite; Puerto de Abrigo Dome | -- |
| NMNH 117464-19 | Obsidian | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117464-20 | Obsidian | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117464-21 | Obsidian | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117464-22 | Obsidian | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117464-23 | Obsidian | -- | -- |
| NMNH 117551-63 | Obsidian | El Rechuelos Rhyolite | -- |
| Copernicus Browser | The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions. |
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WOVOdat
Single Volcano View Temporal Evolution of Unrest Side by Side Volcanoes |
WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.
GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments. |
| IRIS seismic stations/networks | Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Valles Caldera. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice. |
| UNAVCO GPS/GNSS stations | Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of Valles Caldera. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player. |
| Large Eruptions of Valles Caldera | Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA). |
| EarthChem | EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS). |
