Global Volcanism Program

The Global Volcanism Program has no activity reports available for San Pedro.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Reports available for San Pedro.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Bulletin Reports available for San Pedro.

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Cones

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Amado Nervo

Shield volcano

Grande, Cerro

Shield volcano

1520 m

21° 8' 0" N

104° 45' 30" W

Tezontle, Volcán

Pyroclastic cone

Domes

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Agua Tibia, Cerro

Dome

Atarjea de Tescalame

Dome

Bartolinas, Cerro

Dome

Cuevas, Cerro las

Dome

Izote, Cerro

Dome

Limon, Cerro el

Dome

Lobos, Cerro

Dome

Ojotes, Los

Dome

Tetillas, Cerro las

Dome

Tetitlan, Cerro

Dome

Basic Data

Volcano Number

Last Known Eruption

Elevation

Latitude
Longitude

341814

Pleistocene

2,000 m / 6,562 ft

21.17°N
104.73°W

Morphology

Volcano Landform
Caldera

Volcano Types
Caldera
Shield(s)
Lava dome(s)
Pyroclastic cone(s)

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone
Continental crust (> 25 km)

Geological Summary

The elliptical 7 x 10 km wide San Pedro caldera, located immediately south of the Tepetiltic caldera, is partially filled by the three coalescing Cerro San Pedro lava domes. Construction of a large number of lava domes SE of the current location of San Pedro during the Pleistocene was followed by caldera formation associated with eruption of the Cuastecomate Pumice. The rim of the caldera, which was considered to have formed between about 450,000 and 283,000 years ago, is exposed only on the east side. The dacitic San Pedro lava domes are aligned along a WNW-trending fracture and have been potassium-argon dated at about 41,000 years. Two of the domes have collapsed, forming debris-avalanche deposits that extend as far as 10 km to the NW and SE.

References

The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography.

Ferrari L, Nelson S A, Rosas-Elguera J, Aguirre G, 1997. Tectonics and volcanism of the western Mexican volcanic belt. IAVCEI General Assembly, Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, January 19-24, 1997, Fieldtrip Guidebook, Excursion no 12, 61 p.

Frey H M, Lange R A, Hall C H, Delgado-Granados H, 2004. Magma eruption rates constrained by 40Ar/39Ar chronology and GIS for the Ceboruco-San Pedro volcanic field, western Mexico. Geol Soc Amer Bull, 116: 259-276.

Luhr J F, 1988. (pers. comm.).

Nelson S A, Sanchez-Rubio G, 1986. Trans Mexican volcanic belt field guide. Geol Assoc Can, 108 p.

Petrone C M, Francalanci L, Ferrari L, Schaaf P, Conticelli S, 2006. The San Pedro--Cerro Grande volcanic complex (Nayarit, Mexico): inferences on volcanology and magma evolution. In: Siebe S, Macias J-L, Aguirre-Diaz G J (eds) Neogone-Quaternary continental margin volcanism: a perspective from Mexico, Geol Soc Amer Spec Pap, 402: 65-98.

Eruptive History

The Global Volcanism Program is not aware of any Holocene eruptions from San Pedro. If this volcano has had large eruptions (VEI >= 4) prior to 12,000 years ago, information might be found on the San Pedro page in the LaMEVE (Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions) database, a part of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).

Deformation History

There is no Deformation History data available for San Pedro.

Emission History

There is no Emissions History data available for San Pedro.

Photo Gallery

The view of the 1870 vent and the San Pedro-Ceboruco graben is from the Ceboruco summit. The small lava dome to the lower right and the unvegetated lava flow to the lower left were emplaced during the 1870-75 eruption. The Cerro San Pedro lava dome on the horizon directly above the 1870 dome was constructed within the 7 x 10 km San Pedro caldera. The peak immediately left of Cerro San Pedro is Cerro Tetillas.

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1997 (Smithsonian Institution).

The indistinct elliptical 7 x 10 km wide San Pedro caldera is seen here in an aerial view from the NE, with Laguna San Pedro on the right. The rim of the caldera is exposed only on the east side (left), where it truncates early Pleistocene andesitic-to-dacitic lava domes. The caldera partially cuts the 1.1 million-year-old Cerro Grande shield volcano, whose low-angle slopes can be seen beyond the left side of the three coalescing post-caldera Cerro San Pedro lava domes (center).

Photo by Jim Luhr, 1979 (Smithsonian Institution).

The three coalescing Cerro San Pedro lava domes (center), seen here from the NE, were constructed within the 7 x 10 km wide San Pedro caldera. The ridge at the left is the eastern rim of the caldera, which cuts andesitic-to-dacitic lava domes of early Pleistocene age. The dacitic San Pedro lava domes were dated at 0.75-0.80 million years and were constructed along a WNW-trending line. Two of the domes have partially collapsed, forming large debris-avalanche deposits that reach up to 10 km from the source.

Photo by Jim Luhr, 1978 (Smithsonian Institution).

GVP Map Holdings

Maps are not currently available due to technical issues.

Smithsonian Sample Collections Database

There are no samples for San Pedro in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences Rock and Ore collection.

External Sites

Copernicus Browser

The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions.

WOVOdat
   Single Volcano View
   Temporal Evolution of Unrest
   Side by Side Volcanoes

WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.

GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments.

IRIS seismic stations/networks

Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of San Pedro. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice.

UNAVCO GPS/GNSS stations

Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of San Pedro. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player.

Large Eruptions of San Pedro

Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).

EarthChem

EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).