The Global Volcanism Program has no activity reports available for Apastepeque Field.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Reports available for Apastepeque Field.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Bulletin Reports available for Apastepeque Field.

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Cones
Feature Name	Feature Type	Elevation	Latitude	Longitude
Bengo, Cerro	Pyroclastic cone	700 m	13° 42' 0" N	88° 50' 0" W
Chalchuapa, Cerrito de	Pyroclastic cone	450 m	13° 43' 0" N	88° 45' 0" W
San Sebastián, Cerro de	Pyroclastic cone	600 m	13° 44' 0" N	88° 48' 0" W
Santa Clara, Cerrito de	Pyroclastic cone	500 m	13° 42' 0" N	88° 44' 0" W
Craters
Feature Name	Feature Type	Elevation	Latitude	Longitude
Apastepeque, Laguna	Pit crater	512 m	13° 42' 0" N	88° 45' 0" W
Chalchuapán, Laguna de     Chalchuapa, Laguna de	Pit crater	560 m	13° 43' 0" N	88° 45' 0" W
Hoyo de Calderas	Crater	640 m	13° 42' 0" N	88° 44' 0" W
San Lorenzo	Pit crater		13° 43' 0" N	88° 48' 0" W
Santa Ursula	Pit crater		13° 43' 0" N	88° 47' 0" W
Seca, Laguna	Pit crater		13° 41' 0" N	88° 44' 0" W
Ventanita	Pit crater		13° 43' 0" N	88° 46' 0" W
Domes
Feature Name	Feature Type	Elevation	Latitude	Longitude
Apastepeque, Cerro de	Dome		13° 40' 0" N	88° 45' 0" W
Cerrón, Cerro     Ramirez, Cerro de los	Dome	740 m	13° 40' 0" N	88° 45' 0" W
Delicias, Cerro las	Dome	760 m	13° 41' 0" N	88° 47' 0" W
Grande, Cerro	Dome	926 m	13° 41' 0" N	88° 49' 0" W
Santa Rita, Cerro	Dome	754 m	13° 40' 0" N	88° 47' 0" W
Tute, Cerro El	Dome		13° 43' 0" N	88° 44' 0" W

Basic Data Volcano Number Last Known Eruption Elevation Latitude Longitude 343071 Unknown - Evidence Credible 700 m / 2,297 ft 13.72°N 88.77°W Morphology Volcano Landform Cluster Volcano Types Volcanic field Rock Types Major Dacite Andesite / Basaltic Andesite Basalt / Picro-Basalt Tectonic Setting Subduction zone Continental crust (> 25 km) Population Within 5 km Within 10 km Within 30 km Within 100 km 377,730 377,730 687,849 6,372,608

Geological Summary The Apastepeque volcanic field, N of the city of San Vicente, consists of a dense cluster of about two dozen chemically diverse Holocene volcanic vents, including lava domes, cinder cones, and maars. Andesitic-to-dacitic lava domes were emplaced in some vents following dacitic pumice eruptions. After the end of these more siliceous eruptions, a series of basaltic cinder cones was formed. Some of the basaltic eruptions concluded with the formation of steep-walled maars up to 100 m deep, some now occupied by lakes, such as Laguna de Apastepeque and Laguna Chalchuapán. References The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography. IAVCEI, 1973-80. Post-Miocene Volcanoes of the World. IAVCEI Data Sheets, Rome: Internatl Assoc Volc Chemistry Earth's Interior. Williams H, Meyer-Abich H, 1955. Volcanism in the southern part of El Salvador with particular reference to the collapse basins of Lakes Coatepeque and Ilopango. Univ Calif Pub Geol Sci, 32: 1-64.

Eruptive History

The Global Volcanism Program is not aware of any Holocene eruptions from Apastepeque Field. If this volcano has had large eruptions (VEI >= 4) prior to 12,000 years ago, information might be found on the Apastepeque Field page in the LaMEVE (Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions) database, a part of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).

Deformation History

There is no Deformation History data available for Apastepeque Field.

Emission History

There is no Emissions History data available for Apastepeque Field.

Photo Gallery

Cerro El Cerrón, one of the largest lava domes of the Apastepeque volcanic field, is seen here beyond Laguna de Apastepeque.

Photo by Giuseppina Kysar, 1999 (Smithsonian Institution). The Apastepeque volcanic field consists of a cluster of about two dozen lava domes, scoria cones, and craters NE of San Vicente volcano, the large edifice to the left. The Laguna de Apastepeque crater is to the right, below Cerro Las Delicias lava dome. Near the center of the horizon is Cerro Santa Rita lava dome.

Photo by Carlos Pullinger, 1996 (Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales, El Salvador). Laguna de Apastepeque in the foreground is one of several lake-filled maar craters in the Apastepeque volcanic field. The broad range in the distance to the right is the SE is the Tecapa massif. To the far right is the peak of Volcán Taburete. San Miguel volcano is in the midground to the left.

Photo by Carlos Pullinger, 1994 (Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales, El Salvador). The Apastepeque volcanic field NE of San Vicente volcano consists of a dense cluster of about two dozen lava domes, scoria cones, and maars. Laguna de Apastepeque is seen here from the WNW with the Tecapa-San Miguel volcano group in the background. The visible walls of the 800-m-wide lake are only about 5 m high and the lake is approximately 50 m deep.

Photo by Carlos Pullinger, 1996 (Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales, El Salvador). Laguna Chalchuapán is one of several maars in the Apastepeque volcanic field. The 700-m-wide crater is located immediately NE of the Hoyo de Calderas crater. Lahar deposits underlie pumice deposits exposed in the crater walls.

Photo by Giuseppina Kysar, 1999 (Smithsonian Institution). San Vicente is one of several volcanoes that have been the sites of geothermal exploration projects in El Salvador. The SV-1 well in the foreground is located on the northern flank. The low Cerro el Cerrón lava dome, part of the Apastepeque volcanic field, is to the NE on the left horizon.

Photo courtesy of Comisión Ejecutiva Hidroeléctricia del Río Lempa (CEL), 1992. Laguna de Apastepeque is one of several large lake-filled maars in the Apastepeque volcanic field. The 800-m-wide lake is about 50 m deep and is surrounded by ash deposits containing angular blocks of andesite.

Photo courtesy of Comisión Ejecutiva Hidroeléctricia del Río Lempa (CEL), 1992. Hoyo de Caldera is a maar crater located NW of Laguna de Apastepeque. The crater is 700 m wide and 140 m deep, seen here from the SE in 1999.

Photo by Giuseppina Kysar, 1999 (Smithsonian Institution). Several different features of the Apastepeque volcanic field can be seen in this view from the Hoyo de Calderas crater rim. Two lava domes are seen in the distance to the left, Cerro Las Delicias and Cerro Santa Rita (far left). The larger volcano in the haze behind Cerro Santa Rita is San Vincente.

Photo by Giuseppina Kysar, 1999 (Smithsonian Institution). Several maars of the Apastepeque volcanic field are seen in this vertical aerial view. The two lake-filled maars are Laguna de Apastepeque (the light-colored lake at the lower right) and Laguna Chalchuapa (the dark-colored lake at the right-center). SW of it is the large dry maar Hoyo de Calderas, and other dry maars appear at the upper left and lower right. The Pan-American highway cuts across the bottom of the photo, and the town of San Esteban Catarina is at the lower left, immediately west of Cerro Las Delicias lava dome.

Aerial photo by Instituto Geográfico Nacional El Salvador, 1992.

GVP Map Holdings

Maps are not currently available due to technical issues.

Smithsonian Sample Collections Database

There are no samples for Apastepeque Field in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences Rock and Ore collection.

External Sites

Copernicus Browser	The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions.
MIROVA	Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity.
MODVOLC Thermal Alerts	Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales.
WOVOdat    Single Volcano View    Temporal Evolution of Unrest    Side by Side Volcanoes	WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore. GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments.
Volcanic Hazard Maps	The IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk has a Volcanic Hazard Maps database designed to serve as a resource for hazard mappers (or other interested parties) to explore how common issues in hazard map development have been addressed at different volcanoes, in different countries, for different hazards, and for different intended audiences. In addition to the comprehensive, searchable Volcanic Hazard Maps Database, this website contains information about diversity of volcanic hazard maps, illustrated using examples from the database. This site is for educational purposes related to volcanic hazard maps. Hazard maps found on this website should not be used for emergency purposes. For the most recent, official hazard map for a particular volcano, please seek out the proper institutional authorities on the matter.
IRIS seismic stations/networks	Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Apastepeque Field. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice.
UNAVCO GPS/GNSS stations	Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of Apastepeque Field. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player.
DECADE Data	The DECADE portal, still in the developmental stage, serves as an example of the proposed interoperability between The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program, the Mapping Gas Emissions (MaGa) Database, and the EarthChem Geochemical Portal. The Deep Earth Carbon Degassing (DECADE) initiative seeks to use new and established technologies to determine accurate global fluxes of volcanic CO2 to the atmosphere, but installing CO2 monitoring networks on 20 of the world's 150 most actively degassing volcanoes. The group uses related laboratory-based studies (direct gas sampling and analysis, melt inclusions) to provide new data for direct degassing of deep earth carbon to the atmosphere.
Large Eruptions of Apastepeque Field	Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).
EarthChem	EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).