Global Volcanism Program | Nevado Chachani

The Global Volcanism Program has no activity reports available for Nevado Chachani.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Reports available for Nevado Chachani.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Bulletin Reports available for Nevado Chachani.

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Synonyms

Chanchani | Cachani

Cones

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Andes, Cerro los

Cone

3650 m

16° 17' 0" S

71° 36' 0" W

Horqueta, Cerro

Cone

5484 m

16° 11' 46" S

71° 33' 58" W

Pampa de Palacio
Cortaderas, Las

Shield volcano

3862 m

16° 15' 0" S

71° 36' 0" W

Volcancillo, Cerro el

Cone

5180 m

16° 9' 40" S

71° 31' 8" W

Craters

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Cortaderal, Cerro el

Fissure vent

3680 m

16° 15' 0" S

71° 35' 0" W

Domes

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Chingana, Cerro la

Dome

5500 m

16° 8' 31" S

71° 30' 47" W

Nocarane, Cerro
Frailes, Los

Dome

5784 m

16° 7' 41" S

71° 32' 13" W

Penones, Cerro los

Dome

Basic Data

Volcano Number

Last Known Eruption

Elevation

Latitude
Longitude

354007

Unknown - Evidence Uncertain

6,057 m / 19,872 ft

16.191°S
71.53°W

Morphology

Volcano Landform
Composite

Volcano Types
Stratovolcano
Lava dome(s)
Shield

Rock Types

Major
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Dacite
Rhyolite

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone
Continental crust (> 25 km)

Population

Within 5 km
Within 10 km
Within 30 km
Within 100 km

97
1,182
887,176
1,032,411

Geological Summary

The andesitic-dacitic Nevado de Chachani volcanic complex, located immediately north of Arequipa, consists of a 320 km² group of Pleistocene lava domes, a stratovolcano complex, and a flank shield volcano. The central Nevado Chachani complex contains multiple vents along an arcuate line, including a well-defined summit crater at the western end. Two early Pleistocene ignimbrites were erupted from now-buried vents of older edifices. Thin lava flows from Chachani volcano overlie glacial moraines. Pleistocene lava domes form the northern end of the complex. The 8-km-wide, late Pleistocene to possibly Holocene lava shield of Pampa de Palacio on the SW side produced a well-preserved lava flow field that represents the youngest products of the complex.

References

The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography.

de Silva S L, Francis P W, 1990. Potentially active volcanoes of Peru - observations using Landsat Thematic Mapper and Space Shuttle imagery. Bull Volcanol, 52: 286-301.

de Silva S L, Francis P W, 1991. Volcanoes of the Central Andes. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 216 p.

Gonzalez-Ferran O, 1995. Volcanes de Chile. Santiago: Instituto Geografico Militar, 635 p.

IAVCEI, 1973-80. Post-Miocene Volcanoes of the World. IAVCEI Data Sheets, Rome: Internatl Assoc Volc Chemistry Earth's Interior.

Jenks W F (ed), 1956. Handbook of South American geology, an evaluation of the geologic map of South America. Geol Soc Amer Mem, 65: 1-378.

Paquereau Lebti P, Thouret J-C, Worner G, Fornari M, 2006. Neogene and Quaternary ignimbrites in the area of Arequipa, southern Peru: stratigraphical and petrological correlations. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 154: 251-275.

Paquereau-Lebti P, Fornari M, Roperch P, Thouret J-C, Macedo O, 2008. Paleomagnetism, magnetic fabric, and 40Ar/39Ar dating of Pliocene and Quaternary ignimbrites in the Arequipa area, southern Peru. Bull Volcanol, 70: 977-997.

Thornber C R, 1990. Geologic map of Harrat Hutaymah, with petrologic classification and distribution of ultramafic inclusions, Saudi Arabia. U S Geol Surv map, MF-2129 (1:100,000 scale geol map).

Eruptive History

The Global Volcanism Program is not aware of any Holocene eruptions from Nevado Chachani. If this volcano has had large eruptions (VEI >= 4) prior to 12,000 years ago, information might be found on the Nevado Chachani page in the LaMEVE (Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions) database, a part of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).

Deformation History

There is no Deformation History data available for Nevado Chachani.

Emission History

There is no Emissions History data available for Nevado Chachani.

Photo Gallery

The Nevado de Chachani volcanic complex, seen here from the SW near the village of Yura, consists of a 360 km² group of Pleistocene lava domes, a stratovolcano, and a shield volcano. The central, 6057-m-high Nevado Chachani complex contains multiple vents along an arcuate line, including a well-defined summit crater at the western end. Cerro La Horqueta (left horizon) may represent the latest activity from Nevado Chachani, after which activity migrated to the 8-km-wide Holocene lava shield of Pampa de Palacio on the south side.

Photo by Norm Banks, 1988 (U.S. Geological Survey).

Nevado Chachani volcano towers north of the international airport at Arequipa, Perú. The massive, 360 km² volcanic complex includes a group of stratovolcanoes forming the horizon in this view, an older lava dome complex, and a younger SW-flank shield volcano. The dark hills in the left-center foreground are the distal margins of viscous lava flows from the Pampa de Placio, the SW-flank shield volcano. Volcanism has migrated to the west, and this marks the most recent activity of the Nevado Chachani complex.

Photo by Norm Banks, 1988 (U.S. Geological Survey).

The glacier-capped Nevado de Chachani volcanic complex lies immediately north of the city of Arequipa. The central part of the 6057-m-high complex contains multiple vents along an arcuate line. Pleistocene lava domes form the glacier-covered northern end of the complex in this NASA image. A prominent lava-flow complex at the bottom-center part of the image with fresh-looking flow levees was erupted from the 8-km-wide lava shield of Pampa de Palacio of late-Pleistocene to possibly Holocene age.

NASA Landsat 7 image (worldwind.arc.nasa.gov)

GVP Map Holdings

Maps are not currently available due to technical issues.

Smithsonian Sample Collections Database

There are no samples for Nevado Chachani in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences Rock and Ore collection.

External Sites

Copernicus Browser

The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions.

MIROVA

Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity.

MODVOLC Thermal Alerts

Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales.

WOVOdat
   Single Volcano View
   Temporal Evolution of Unrest
   Side by Side Volcanoes

WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.

GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments.

Volcanic Hazard Maps

The IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk has a Volcanic Hazard Maps database designed to serve as a resource for hazard mappers (or other interested parties) to explore how common issues in hazard map development have been addressed at different volcanoes, in different countries, for different hazards, and for different intended audiences. In addition to the comprehensive, searchable Volcanic Hazard Maps Database, this website contains information about diversity of volcanic hazard maps, illustrated using examples from the database. This site is for educational purposes related to volcanic hazard maps. Hazard maps found on this website should not be used for emergency purposes. For the most recent, official hazard map for a particular volcano, please seek out the proper institutional authorities on the matter.

IRIS seismic stations/networks

Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Nevado Chachani. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice.

UNAVCO GPS/GNSS stations

Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of Nevado Chachani. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player.

DECADE Data

The DECADE portal, still in the developmental stage, serves as an example of the proposed interoperability between The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program, the Mapping Gas Emissions (MaGa) Database, and the EarthChem Geochemical Portal. The Deep Earth Carbon Degassing (DECADE) initiative seeks to use new and established technologies to determine accurate global fluxes of volcanic CO₂ to the atmosphere, but installing CO₂ monitoring networks on 20 of the world's 150 most actively degassing volcanoes. The group uses related laboratory-based studies (direct gas sampling and analysis, melt inclusions) to provide new data for direct degassing of deep earth carbon to the atmosphere.

Large Eruptions of Nevado Chachani

Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).

EarthChem

EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).