Cite this Report
Based on a report from SVERT the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 21 September an ash plume from Ketoi drifted NE.
Source: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)
Cite this Report
Plume of uncertain composition reported based on satellite data one day in September
Gas-and-steam emissions were previously reported at Ketoi (figure 1) in January, July, and August 2013 (BGVN 40:09). Intense fumarolic activity originating from the same area, the N slope of Pallas Peak, was reported in 1981, 1987, and 1989. Based on a report from the Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT) using Himawari-8 imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported an ash plume on 21 September 2018 which drifted to the NE; however, evidence of the plume could not be confirmed by the VAAC from satellite imagery. The original VONA (Volcano Observatory Notice for Aviation) issued by SVERT noted a volcanic cloud without a specific mention of ash, but also remarked that thermal anomalies had been observed on 17 and 20 September.
 |
Figure 1. Natural color Sentinel-2 satellite image of Ketoi on 18 September 2018. A large freshwater lake can be seen SW of the Pallas Peak andesitic cone, which also hosts a crater lake. Lava flows originating from the younger cone extend primarily N to SW, and a white fumarolic area is immediately NE of the crater. The island is approximately 10 km in diameter. Courtesy of Sentinel Hub Playground. |
Information Contacts: Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT), Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Science, Nauki st., 1B, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia, 693022 (URL: http://www.imgg.ru/en/, http://www.imgg.ru/ru/svert/reports); Sentinel Hub Playground (URL: https://www.sentinel-hub.com/explore/sentinel-playground).
2018: September
2013: January
| July
| August
2010: May
Cite this Report
Based on a report from SVERT the Tokyo VAAC reported that on 21 September an ash plume from Ketoi drifted NE.
Source: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)
Cite this Report
SVERT reported that a possible thermal anomaly over Ketoi's Pallas Peak was detected in satellite images on 26 August and 1 September. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow.
Source: Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT)
Cite this Report
SVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Ketoi's Pallas Peak was detected in satellite images on 12 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow.
Source: Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT)
Cite this Report
SVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Ketoi's Pallas Peak was detected in satellite images during 5-7 and 9 August, and possibly during 10-11 August. Steam-and-gas emissions were detected on 9 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow.
Source: Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT)
Cite this Report
SVERT reported that during 29-31 July a thermal anomaly from Ketoi's Pallas Peak was observed in satellite imagery. Gas-and-steam emissions were also observed on 29 July, and possibly observed on 31 July and 4 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow.
Source: Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT)
Cite this Report
SVERT reported that on 25 July a thermal anomaly from Ketoi's Pallas Peak was observed in satellite imagery along with gas-and-steam emissions drifting 100 km NW. On 27 July gas-and-steam emissions possibly containing ash drifted 45 km SSE.
Source: Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT)
Cite this Report
SVERT reported that gas-and-steam emissions from Ketoi's Pallas Peak were observed in satellite imagery during 16-17 January.
Source: Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT)
Cite this Report
SVERT reported that increased fumarolic activity from Ketoi was noted in satellite imagery on 4 May.
Source: Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT)
Reports are organized chronologically and indexed below by Month/Year (Publication Volume:Number), and include a one-line summary. Click on the index link or scroll down to read the reports.
Cite this Report
Intense fumarolic activity on the N slope
Intense fumarolic activity was occurring on the outer N slope [of Pallas Peak during the 20 September 1981 overflight]. There were sulfur deposits near the fumaroles. However, no apparent fumarolic or solfataric activity was observed at Zavaritski Caldera (46.925°N, 151.95°E) or Prevo Peak (47.02°N, 152.12°E). Both are on Simushir, the island immediately SW of Ketoi.
Information Contacts: G. Steinberg, Sakhalin Complex Institute.
Cite this Report
Fumarolic activity
Moderate fumarolic activity was noted on the outer N slope of Pallas Peak's main crater area during an 11 October aerial survey.
Information Contacts: G. Steinberg and B. Piskunov, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.
Cite this Report
Fumaroles very active on Pallas Peak
During a 14 January overflight, a group of highly active fumaroles was noted on the N slope of Pallas Peak's S cone, on the E margin of Ketoi caldera.
Information Contacts: G. Steinberg, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.
Cite this Report
Thermal anomalies and large gas-and-steam emissions during July-August 2013
Pallas Peak, the large cone in the caldera on Ketoi Island in the central Kurile Islands, last erupted in September 1960. Scientists on monitoring flights during the 1980's sometimes observed fumarolic activity on the outer N slope of Pallas Peak (SEAN 06:12, 12:04, and 14:03), and the Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT) reported increased fumarolic activity based on satellite imagery analysis on 4 May 2010.
Gas-and-steam emissions from Pallas Peak were again observed in satellite imagery during 16-17 January 2013. On 25 and 29-30 July 2013 a thermal anomaly on Pallas Peak was detected in satellite data. Gas-and-steam emissions were also observed drifting 100 km NW on 25 July. On 27 July gas-and-steam emissions possibly containing ash drifted 45 km SSE. Though this eruption was uncertain, SVERT raised the alert level to Yellow.
Additional gas-and-steam emissions were observed on 29 July, and possibly again on 31 July, 4 August, and 9 August 2013. Thermal anomalies were identified during 5-7, 9, possibly 10-11, 12, and possibly 26 August. After another possible thermal anomaly on 1 September there were no further reports of anomalous activity by SVERT.
A copyrighted photo taken by Joseph Szeles from a ship on 15 January 2014 showed a small fumarolic plume rising from the caldera.
Information Contacts: Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT), Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Science, Nauki st., 1B, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia, 693022 (URL: http://www.imgg.ru/en/, http://www.imgg.ru/ru/svert/reports); Joseph Szeles, Brussels, Belgium (URL: https://www.flickr.com/photos/jo_sze/11962181276/)
Cite this Report
Plume of uncertain composition reported based on satellite data one day in September
Gas-and-steam emissions were previously reported at Ketoi (figure 1) in January, July, and August 2013 (BGVN 40:09). Intense fumarolic activity originating from the same area, the N slope of Pallas Peak, was reported in 1981, 1987, and 1989. Based on a report from the Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT) using Himawari-8 imagery, the Tokyo VAAC reported an ash plume on 21 September 2018 which drifted to the NE; however, evidence of the plume could not be confirmed by the VAAC from satellite imagery. The original VONA (Volcano Observatory Notice for Aviation) issued by SVERT noted a volcanic cloud without a specific mention of ash, but also remarked that thermal anomalies had been observed on 17 and 20 September.
|
Figure 1. Natural color Sentinel-2 satellite image of Ketoi on 18 September 2018. A large freshwater lake can be seen SW of the Pallas Peak andesitic cone, which also hosts a crater lake. Lava flows originating from the younger cone extend primarily N to SW, and a white fumarolic area is immediately NE of the crater. The island is approximately 10 km in diameter. Courtesy of Sentinel Hub Playground. |
Information Contacts: Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT), Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Science, Nauki st., 1B, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia, 693022 (URL: http://www.imgg.ru/en/, http://www.imgg.ru/ru/svert/reports); Sentinel Hub Playground (URL: https://www.sentinel-hub.com/explore/sentinel-playground).
This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.
Synonyms |
||||
| Sirahata | Sironemuri | Ketoi-jima | Ketoy | ||||
Cones |
||||
| Feature Name | Feature Type | Elevation | Latitude | Longitude |
| Pallas Peak | Stratovolcano | 1002 m | ||
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
There is data available for 3 confirmed Holocene eruptive periods.
[ 2018 Sep 21 - 2018 Sep 21 ] Uncertain Eruption
| Episode 1 | Eruption | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 Sep 21 - 2018 Sep 21 | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||
|
List of 1 Events for Episode 1
| |||||||||||||||
[ 2013 Jul 25 - 2013 Aug 12 ] Uncertain Eruption
| Episode 1 | Uncertain | Pallas Peak | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 Jul 25 - 2013 Aug 12 | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||
|
List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at Pallas Peak
| |||||||||||||||
1960 Sep 27 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2
| Episode 1 | Eruption | Pallas Peak | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 Sep 27 - Unknown | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Pallas Peak
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
1924 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2
| Episode 1 | Eruption | Pallas Peak | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1924 - Unknown | Evidence from Observations: Reported | |||||||||||||||||||
|
List of 2 Events for Episode 1 at Pallas Peak
| ||||||||||||||||||||
1843 Jul - 1846 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2
| Episode 1 | Eruption | Pallas Peak | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1843 Jul - 1846 | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Pallas Peak
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
There is no Deformation History data available for Ketoi.
There is no Emissions History data available for Ketoi.
Maps are not currently available due to technical issues.
There are no samples for Ketoi in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences Rock and Ore collection.
| Copernicus Browser | The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions. |
| MIROVA | Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity. |
| MODVOLC Thermal Alerts | Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales. |
|
WOVOdat
Single Volcano View Temporal Evolution of Unrest Side by Side Volcanoes |
WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.
GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments. |
| Volcanic Hazard Maps | The IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk has a Volcanic Hazard Maps database designed to serve as a resource for hazard mappers (or other interested parties) to explore how common issues in hazard map development have been addressed at different volcanoes, in different countries, for different hazards, and for different intended audiences. In addition to the comprehensive, searchable Volcanic Hazard Maps Database, this website contains information about diversity of volcanic hazard maps, illustrated using examples from the database. This site is for educational purposes related to volcanic hazard maps. Hazard maps found on this website should not be used for emergency purposes. For the most recent, official hazard map for a particular volcano, please seek out the proper institutional authorities on the matter. |
| IRIS seismic stations/networks | Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Ketoi. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice. |
| UNAVCO GPS/GNSS stations | Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of Ketoi. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player. |
| DECADE Data | The DECADE portal, still in the developmental stage, serves as an example of the proposed interoperability between The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program, the Mapping Gas Emissions (MaGa) Database, and the EarthChem Geochemical Portal. The Deep Earth Carbon Degassing (DECADE) initiative seeks to use new and established technologies to determine accurate global fluxes of volcanic CO2 to the atmosphere, but installing CO2 monitoring networks on 20 of the world's 150 most actively degassing volcanoes. The group uses related laboratory-based studies (direct gas sampling and analysis, melt inclusions) to provide new data for direct degassing of deep earth carbon to the atmosphere. |
| Large Eruptions of Ketoi | Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA). |
| EarthChem | EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS). |
The roughly 10-km-wide Ketoi island is shown in this September 2018 Planet Labs satellite image monthly mosaic (N is at the top). Ketoi is the older edifice and caldera, and Pallas Peak is the cone with a summit crater that has formed within it, NE of Ketoi Lake. Fumaroles are active on the NE flank of the cone.
